2025 Journal of Geophysical Research Articles

Report generated on 04/06/2026 12:31:30

cdaweb was referenced in 103 papers
spdf was referenced in 58 papers
space physics data facility was referenced in 82 papers
omni was referenced in 115 papers
omni2 was referenced in 3 papers
omni-2 was referenced in 3 papers
omniweb was referenced in 141 papers
ftpbrowser was referenced in 0 papers
helioweb was referenced in 0 papers
atmoweb was referenced in 0 papers
modelweb was referenced in 0 papers
sscweb was referenced in 2 papers
cohoweb was referenced in 0 papers
gifwalk was referenced in 0 papers
gif_walk was referenced in 0 papers
tipsod was referenced in 0 papers
hdp was referenced in 0 papers
heliophysics data portal was referenced in 0 papers
vitmo was referenced in 2 papers
hdrl was referenced in 0 papers
heliophysics digital resource library was referenced in 0 papers
heliocloud was referenced in 1 papers

262 of 676 possible papers ( 39% ) contained references to SPDF keywords

Authors=Waters, J. E.; Lamy, L.; Milan, S.; Walach, M.-T.; Chane, E.;
Title=Auroral Acceleration at the Northern Magnetic Pole During Sub-Alfvenic Solar Wind Flow at Earth, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033056, ID:32641513.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Uncalibrated observations from Wind/WAVES can be found at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), using the “WI_H1_WAV” data set. Data from the RPI and SI instruments of the IMAGE Uncalibrated observations from Wind/WAVES can be found at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), using the “WI_H1_WAV” data set. Data from the RPI and SI instruments of the IMAGE AV” data set. Data from the RPI and SI instruments of the IMAGE spacecraft are available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Relevant RPI data are accessed by selecting the PI and SI instruments of the IMAGE spacecraft are available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Relevant RPI data are accessed by selecting the “IM_K1_RPI” data set. ACE solar wind and IMF data are also available from CDAWeb, using the “AC_H0_SWE” and “AC_H0_MFI” data sets. DMSP/SSIES and DMSP/SSJ data are also available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and quicklook plots can be browsed at https://dmsp.bc.edu/ . DMSP/SSIES and DMSP/SSJ data are also available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and quicklook plots can be browsed at https://dmsp.bc.edu/ .

Authors=Yu, Tingting; Ren, Zhipeng; Zhao, Biqiang; Pedatella, Nicholas; Wei, Yong; Li, Shaoyang; Zhai, Changzhi; Zhao, Lingxin;
Title=Coupled Thermosphere-Ionosphere Tongue-Like Structure During the Recovery Phase of the Geomagnetic Storm on 12 May 2021, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033119, ID:32641517.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Kp, F 10.7p , B y and B z indices are from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/sp_phys/ . AE and Dst indices are from https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices/ .

Authors=Chen, Yu; Hu, Qiang;
Title=Observations of Small-Scale Magnetic Flux Ropes Associated With Significant Values of Partial Variance Increment Indices, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033130, ID:32641518.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ata Availability Statement The PSP and SolO data in this study are downloaded from the NASA CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ), and the Helios 1 2 data are from htt and SolO data in this study are downloaded from the NASA CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ), and the Helios 1 2 data are from https://helios-data.ssl.berkeley.edu/d

Authors=Krishnan, Lalitha G.; Shiokawa, Kazuo; Pant, Tarun Kumar; Vichare, Geetha;
Title=Signatures of the Long Duration Prompt Penetration Electric Field in the 18 MHz HF Radar Observations Over Thumba, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033140, ID:32641519.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ndices and GFZ Potsdam and WDC for Geomagnetism, Kyoto for the Ap index. We acknowledge the CDAWeb team of NASA’s GSFC for the data on the solar wind parameters and SYM-H index.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =the geomagnetic Index SYM-H with a temporal resolution of 5 min are obtained from NASA GSFC CDAWeb. The Auroral Indices SMU and SML are obtained from the SuperMAG website. solution data of the solar wind parameters and SYM-H index is downloaded from the NASA GSFC CDAWeb database available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . M-H index is downloaded from the NASA GSFC CDAWeb database available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Yang, Yuyan; Liu, Libo; Li, Wenbo; Zhao, Xiukuan; Chen, Yiding; Le, Huijun; Zhang, Ruilong; Lu, Jianyong;
Title=Overall Morphology of Prominent Zonal Differences in Low Latitude Ionosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033165, ID:32641521.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) = Kp indices are downloaded from the OMNI database, which are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F10.7 and Kp indices are downloaded from the OMNI database, which are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ . es are downloaded from the OMNI database, which are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .

Authors=Tian, S.; Li, J.; Wang, C.-P.; Ma, Q.; Bortnik, J.; Ferradas, C. P.; Liu, J.; Shen, Y.; Lyons, L. R.;
Title=Kinetic Alfven Waves Driving Auroral O+ Ion Outflows to Form Plasma Cloak During the 17 March 2015 Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033169, ID:32641522.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The THEMIS ASI data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/thg . The RBSP data (HOPE, EFW, and EMFISIS) are available at https://cdaweb a.gov/pub/data/themis/thg . The RBSP data (HOPE, EFW, and EMFISIS) are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp . The DMSP SSUSI data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc. b.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp . The DMSP SSUSI data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/dmsp/ . The other DMSP data used in this study are available at http://cedar.op

Authors=Gasperini, Federico; Maute, Astrid; Wang, Houjun; McClung, Owen; Aggarwal, Deepali; Kumari, Komal;
Title=Tidally Driven Intra-Seasonal Oscillations in the Thermosphere From TIEGCM-ICON and Connections to the Madden-Julian Oscillation, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033178, ID:32641523.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = (2024), the Kp index is obtained from Kp.gfz-potsdam ( 2024), the F10.7 cm radio flux from OMNIWeb ( 2024). NOAA Interpolated Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) data and Real-time Multivariat

Authors=Ashok, Arya; Ambili, K. M.; Choudhary, R. K.;
Title=Do the Vertical Movements of the Peak Height of F Region Truly Represent the Vertical mathbf{E}x mathbf{B} Plasma Drift Velocity Over the Dip Equator?, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033202, ID:32641526. Keywords: spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . Sample usage ( BODY ) =ace Research (COSPAR) and the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) working group. The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . Sample usage ( ACK ) = MSIS and teams for providing the neutral density and temperature data sets, and NASA’s OMNIWeb group for the Solar Wind data. We also thank the CIRES/NCEI geomagnetism team of Boulder NO Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . Sample usage ( ACK ) =We gratefully acknowledge NASA’s MSIS and teams for providing the neutral density and temperature data sets, and NASA’s OMNIWeb group for the Solar Wind data.

Authors=Walach, M.-T.; Fogg, A. R.; Coxon, J. C.; Grocott, A.; Milan, S. E.; Sangha, H. K.; McWilliams, K. A.; Vines, S. K.; Lester, M.; Anderson, B. J.;
Title=Reliability of Matching AMPERE Field-Aligned Current Boundaries With SuperDARN Lower Latitude Ionospheric Convection Boundaries During Geomagnetic Storms, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033253, ID:32641528.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank King, Papitashvili and NASA for the provision of the OMNI data set through the CDAWeb service and acknowledge the use of this for the information shown in the SI.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service, and OMNI data. In the SI we show the solar wind data and geomagnetic indices at 1-min resolution, which are ex
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service, and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank King, Papitashvili and NASA for the provision of the OMNI data set through the CDAWeb service and acknowledge the use of this for the information shown in the SI.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service, and OMNI data. In the SI we show the solar wind data and geomagnetic indices at 1-min resolution, which are ex he solar wind data and geomagnetic indices at 1-min resolution, which are extracted from the OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005). we also show Ph D ${{ Phi }}_{D}$ , the dayside reconnection rate, which is derived from the OMNI data using the equation derived by Milan et al. ( 2012).

Authors=Zhang, Kedeng; Wang, Hui; Liu, Jing; Song, Huimin; Xia, Hao;
Title=The Quasi-Periodic Nighttime Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances on 13 May 2024 During the Recovery Phase of a SuperStorm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033257, ID:32641529.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind data are downloaded from OMNI ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html ), and the Dst index can be found in WDC ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dstdir/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind data are downloaded from OMNI ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html ), and the Dst index can be found in WDC ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dstdir/ ).

Authors=Liu, Bowei; Liu, Jing; Liu, Xuanqing; Li, Shuhan; Liu, Libo;
Title=On the Relationship Between Traveling Atmospheric Disturbances and Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033271, ID:32641531.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = SYM-H index, K p $Kp$ index, and AE-index are available on the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). GRACE neutral density data are available from the ftp site ( ftp://thermosph

Authors=Wang, Zhiwei; Han, Desheng; Chen, Xiangcai; Shi, Run; Teng, Shangchun; Zhang, Jian; Liu, Jianjun; Zhang, Qiang; Qiu, Huixuan;
Title=Observations of a Throat Aurora Directly Driven by Magnetosheath High-Speed Jet, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033276, ID:32641534.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nd solar wind data used in this study are extracted from the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) of WIND database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ ). om the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) of WIND database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The lag time was 48.5 min and was based on OMNI IMF By. The vertical line indicates an abrupt change of the IMF By from positive to negative, while the solar wind speed and dynamic pressure gative, while the solar wind speed and dynamic pressure remain consistent at 09:19 UT in the OMNI data, which is likely a typical rotational discontinuity. The lag time was 48.5 min and was based on OMNI IMF By. The vertical line indicates an abrupt change of the IMF By from positive to negative, while the solar wind speed and dynamic pressure gative, while the solar wind speed and dynamic pressure remain consistent at 09:19 UT in the OMNI data, which is likely a typical rotational discontinuity.

Authors=Harding, Brian J.; Serrano, Mateo Cardona; Gasque, L. Claire; Joanne Wu, Yen-Jung; Maute, Astrid; Immel, Thomas J.;
Title=Wind-Driven Variability in the Prereversal Enhancement of the Equatorial Vertical Plasma Drift: Climatologies Observed by ICON, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033279, ID:32641535.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e Space Physics Data Facility (Heelis, 2023), and the TIEGCM-ICON product is available from CDAWEB (Maute ICON Team, 2022). F10.7 flux data were obtained from Space Weather Canada ( 2024).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement ICON-IVM data can be retrieved from the Space Physics Data Facility (Heelis, 2023), and the TIEGCM-ICON product is available from CDAWEB (Maute ICON Team, 2022).

Authors=Forbes, Jeffrey M.; Zhang, Xiaoli; Cullens, Chihoko; Maute, Astrid;
Title=Solar Semidiurnal Variations in the Thermosphere and Ionosphere Forced From Above and From Below, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033353, ID:32641538.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =a products, and the data products themselves, are publicly available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/l4/ . TIEGCM-ICON also includes solar and magnetospheric (SM) forcing. nt The TIEGCM-ICON simulations Level 4 V01 are available from Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb ( 2023)) [Dataset].

Authors=Wang, Yu; Han, De-Sheng; Feng, Hui-Ting; Xiong, Ya-Ting; Qiu, Hui-Xuan; Zhang, Yong-Liang;
Title=A Study on the Potential Mechanisms Underlying the Seasonal Dependence of 15MLT-PCA, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033376, ID:32641541.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ . We thank the AMPERE team and the AMPERE Science Data Center for providin
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ .

Authors=Feng, Bopu; Yu, Xiongdong; Li, Haimeng; Zhou, Meng; Tang, Rongxin; Ouyang, Zhihai; Xiong, Ying; Yuan, An; Zou, Wenqian; Cheng, Yingqiao;
Title=Modeling the Two-Dimensional Propagation of Whistler-Mode Chorus Waves in the Magnetic Peaks, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033383, ID:32641542.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments The authors thank the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probes data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ) and the OMNI data ( <e cs Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probes data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ) and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ) ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ) and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =en Probes data used for this study are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites https://spd data/rbsp/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments The authors thank the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probes data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ) and the OMNI data ( https://spdf
Sample usage ( ACK ) =or providing the Van Allen Probes data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ) and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ). ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ) and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In addition, the AE and SYM-H indices are obtained from the OMNI database. Event 1 (Figures 1a-1e) was observed during 20:00-22:00 UT on 8 December 2016. are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/</e /rbsp/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .

Authors=Gunzkofer, Florian; Stober, Gunter; Heymann, Frank; Tjulin, Anders; Borries, Claudia;
Title=Significant East-West Electron Density Differences Occurring in Less Than 30deg Longitude Over the Ocean During the Recovery Phase of a Strong Geomagnetic Storm in Solar Minimum, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033549, ID:32641551.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ICON data is from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/ . We express our deep appreciation to the ICON team.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The solar wind and IMF data is from OMNIWeb http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . COSMIC-2 data is from https://data.cosmic.ucar.edu/gnss-ro/ . Data Availability Statement The solar wind and IMF data is from OMNIWeb http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . COSMIC-2 data is from https://data.cosmic.ucar.edu/gnss-ro/ .

Authors=Wang, Kaixin; Feng, Jiandi; Zhang, Ting; Zhao, Zhenzhen; Han, Baomin;
Title=Characterization and Modeling of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Crest and Trough Positions Using Multiple-Source Fused Data During the Solar Minimum Period, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033558, ID:32641552.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F10.7 and Ap data can be downloaded from the official website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The geomagnetic inclination and declination data provided by the thirteenth

Authors=Ngwira, Chigomezyo M.; Nishimura, Yukitoshi; Weygand, James M.; Engebretson, Mark J.; Pulkkinnen, Antti; Schuck, Peter W.;
Title=Observations of Localized Horizontal Geomagnetic Field Variations Associated With a Magnetospheric Fast Flow Burst During a Magnetotail Reconnection Event Detected by the THEMIS Spacecraft, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA032651, ID:32641590.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Papatashvilli at AdnetSystems, NASA GSFC, and CDAWeb are gratefully acknowledged for solar wind and geomagnetic AE/Sym-H index data generated at CDAWeb and used in this study. are gratefully acknowledged for solar wind and geomagnetic AE/Sym-H index data generated at CDAWeb and used in this study.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =y were obtained from the NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb service generated by CDAWeb at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The SuperMag SML index is derived from data collected a
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Statement The solar wind data used in this study were obtained from the NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb service generated by CDAWeb at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data products are not measured in situ at the bow shock, but are processed and time-shifted to Earth, as described by King and Papitashvili ( 2005). The OMNI data set used are processed and time-shifted to Earth, as described by King and Papitashvili ( 2005). The OMNI data set used for this study are displayed in Figure 1 and discussed in Section 3. The OMNI data products are not measured in situ at the bow shock, but are processed and time-shifted to Earth, as described by King and Papitashvili ( 2005). The OMNI data set used are processed and time-shifted to Earth, as described by King and Papitashvili ( 2005). The OMNI data set used for this study are displayed in Figure 1 and discussed in Section 3.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =r wind data used in this study were obtained from the NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb service generated by CDAWeb at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . SFC Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb service generated by CDAWeb at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Wang, Zhongqiu; Yue, Xinan; Zhou, Xu; Cai, Yihui; Wang, Junyi; Ding, Feng; He, Jianhui; Wang, Yonghui; Zhang, Ning; Luo, Junhao; Li, Mingyuan; Xu, Su;
Title=Day-To-Day Variability of Ionospheric Electron Temperature Revealed by High-Resolution SYISR Observations During April-May 2022, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA032863, ID:32641593.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic activity data K p were downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The data set of observations and simulations used in this study are available at the Scien

Authors=Li, Jiangfeng; Zhu, Yi; Feng, Wei; Huang, Dingfa;
Title=The Formation Mechanism of Merged EIA During a Storm on 4 November 2021, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA032896, ID:32641595.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =E, and F10.7 data are obtained from the OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). The WACCM-X data used to produce the figures in this paper are available in Wu a
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge the GOLD team and the OMNIWeb service for providing the data used in the study.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The IMF, Dst, Kp, AE, and F10.7 data are obtained from the OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). e IMF, Dst, Kp, AE, and F10.7 data are obtained from the OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ).

Authors=Nath, Prantika; Kalita, Bitap Raj; Bharali, Trideep; Bhuyan, Pradip Kumar; Bhuyan, Kalyan; Wang, Kehe;
Title=Statistical Study of Electron Kinetic Entropy Generation at Earth’s Quasi-Perpendicular Bow Shock, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033049, ID:32641602.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =GM) (Russell et al., 2016), and Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) (Le Contel et al., 2016). The OMNI data were obtained from the OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitas
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005). The OMNI data were obtained from the OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005).

Authors=Cao, Tianyu; Liu, Jing; Li, Shuhan; Zhang, Kedeng;
Title=Subauroral Polarization Streams Effects on the Low-Latitude Ionosphere During the Geomagnetic Storm on 17 March 2015, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033050, ID:32641603.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ta Availability Statement The solar wind and geomagnetic indices can be accessed in the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ilability Statement The solar wind and geomagnetic indices can be accessed in the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). eomagnetic indices can be accessed in the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Feng, Ting; Liu, Moran; Feng, Huiting; Han, Desheng; Zhou, Chen; Xu, Bin; Xu, Tong; Ding, Zonghua; Zhao, Zhengyu;
Title=A Statistical Analysis of Auroral-Enhanced Plasma Lines Observed by EISCAT During One Solar Cycle, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA032574, ID:33015172.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =pkins University Applied Physics Laboratory for providing the DMSP data ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/dmsp/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =All the indices and parameters are obtained from NASA OMNIWeb for the same period. Figure 6 illustrates the correlation coefficients and significance levels between PL enhancements and variou an be collected from the EISCAT website ( https://portal.eiscat.se/schedule ) and NASA GSFC OMNIWeb ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/high_res_omni/ ).

Authors=Kumari, Komal; Bossert, Katrina; Pedatella, Nicholas M.; Thorsen, Denise; Conde, Mark;
Title=Tidal Impact on Quiet-Time Polar Thermosphere Zonal Winds During Northern Winter Sudden Stratospheric Warmings, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033011, ID:33015179.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data for Kp index can be publicly accessed through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility at OMNIWeb [Dataset].
Sample usage ( BODY ) =or stratospheric temperature can be publicly accessed through NOAA’s PSL.NOAA.gov [Dataset]. OMNI data for Kp index can be publicly accessed through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility at O
Sample usage ( BODY ) = data for Kp index can be publicly accessed through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility at OMNIWeb [Dataset].

Authors=Duan, Suping; Zhang, Anxin; Dai, Lei; Hou, Yuntian; He, Zhaohai; Wang, Chi;
Title=Observations of Energetic O⁺ Ions With Strong Velocity Shear in the Low Latitude Boundary Layer During an Intense Storm Main Phase, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033127, ID:33015185.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =r wind and IMF data and geomagnetic activity indices AE/AL and SYM-H, are from OMNI data in CDAweb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The MMS satellite particle and electromagnetic f gnetic activity indices AE/AL and SYM-H, are from OMNI data in CDAweb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The MMS satellite particle and electromagnetic field data are used to analyze
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank the MMS Science Data Center for providing the MMS data. We appreciate the OMNI database and World Data Center (WDC) for Geomagnetism, Kyoto, for providing the solar wind and IMF dat
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tudy, the solar wind and IMF data and geomagnetic activity indices AE/AL and SYM-H, are from OMNI data in CDAweb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The solar wind and IMF data are from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ), and the geomagnetic indices are from the website http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind and IMF data are from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ), and the geomagnetic indices are from the website http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp .

Authors=Runov, A.; Angelopoulos, V.; Artemyev, A. V.; Birn, J.; Engebretson, M. J.; Weygand, J. M.; Xu, Z.;
Title=THEMIS Observations of Relativistic Electrons at the Nightside Transition Region During HILDCAA Events, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033179, ID:33015188.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Data Sets The 1-min resolution OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/about_data.html ) was used for solar wind and IMF parameters and for S y m H $SymH$ and A E $AE$ geomagne

Authors=Pedgaonkar, A. S.; Simpson, J. J.; Jensen, E. A.;
Title=Enhancing Deep Learning Ionospheric Modeling With Solar Radiation and Flare Classes, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033319, ID:33015198.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors sincerely thank NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility for OMNI data set, NOAA and Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics in Boulder for offering radiation data as well as COSMI
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors sincerely thank NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility for OMNI data set, NOAA and Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics in Boulder for offering radiation data as well as COSM
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The F10.7, Dst, Kp, Ap, and V sw proxies are obtained from OMNI data sets ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) (Papitashvili King, 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =atement The F10.7, Dst, Kp, Ap, and V sw proxies are obtained from OMNI data sets ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) (Papitashvili King, 2020).

Authors=Bozoki, T.; Heilig, B.;
Title=Spatial Distribution of Pc1/EMIC Waves Relative to the Nightside Ionospheric Footprint of the Plasmapause, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033385, ID:33015203.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Kp and Dst indices have been obtained via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The Kp and Dst indices have been obtained via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).

Authors=Liu, Xiaocan; Han, Peng; Liu, Yangkun; Xu, Jiyao; Hattori, Katsumi; Chen, Huaran; Jiao, Liguo; Tu, Jiyao;
Title=North-South Asymmetry of Sq Variations at Geomagnetically Conjugate Area, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033507, ID:33015215.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =lux F 10.7 index was downloaded from NASA (check the box for Activity Indices at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The IDL program for calculating the reconstructed amplitudes of all wave numb

Authors=Despirak, I. V.; Kleimenova, N. G.; Lubchich, A. A.; Setsko, P. V.; Malysheva, L. M.;
Title=“Polar” Substorms During Slow Solar Wind, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033555, ID:33015223.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind and IMF parameters were taken from the CDAWeb database, with 1-min resolution ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ). s were taken from the CDAWeb database, with 1-min resolution ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ). ilability Statement Data sets related to this article can be found at: https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ (Solar wind and IMF data); https://space.fmi.fi/image/ (IMAGE magnetom
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Papatashvili, the heads of the OMNI database of solar wind and IMF parameters. We thank the IMAGE network team for ground-based magnetometers data; the AMPERE team and the AMPERE Science Cen

Authors=Yi, Siyang; Liu, Nigang; Yu, Jiang; Li, Kun; Cui, Jun;
Title=Frequency-Drifting Plasmaspheric Hiss Events Triggered by Three Consecutive Substorms in the Earth’s Magnetosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033590, ID:33015227.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The OMNI and GOES data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ , and the RBSP data are available at http://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/Flight/ (EM ta are available at http://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/Flight/ (EMFISIS) and https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ (EMFISIS and ECT).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The OMNI and GOES data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ , and the RBSP data are available at http://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/Flight/ (EM

Authors=Kumar, Sanjay; Pulkkinen, Tuija I.; Pitkanen, T.;
Title=Ion Moment Variability Across Substorm Phases: Statistical Insights, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA032953, ID:33648074.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tudy are available from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and the SuperMAG website ( https://supermag.jhua SA Goddard Space Flight Center Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and the SuperMAG website ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices/ ).

Authors=Hu, Pengfei; Chen, Gang; Zhang, Shaodong; Gong, Wanlin; Zhang, Min;
Title=Low-Latitude Ionospheric Responses to the Severe Geomagnetic Storm During 23-25 April 2023 Over the American Sector, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033692, ID:33648076.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geophysical parameters data and solar wind are obtained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ) and Kyoto World Data C
Sample usage ( BODY ) = parameters data and solar wind are obtained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ) and Kyoto World Data Center obtained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ) and Kyoto World Data Center for Geomagnetism ( https://wdc.kugi

Authors=Ren, Jie; Zong, Qiu-Gang; Wang, Yongfu; Yu, Xiangqian; Feng, Zi-Jian; Xiang, Ting-Yan; Ai, Xin-Yu;
Title=Large-Scale Field-Aligned Currents Around the High-Latitude Energetic Electron Boundary: FY-3E Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033710, ID:33648077.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =a Meteorological Agency ( http://satellite.nsmc.org.cn/PortalSite/Data/Satellite.aspx ). The OMNI data are obtained from the NASA Coordinated Data Analysis Web ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data are obtained from the NASA Coordinated Data Analysis Web ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The IGRF model is available at the WDC for Solid Earth and Geophysics ( https://www.ng

Authors=Tan, X.; Dunlop, M. W.; Yang, Y. Y.; Russell, C. T.; Escoubet, C. P.;
Title=Comparison of the Distribution of the In Situ Ring Current Density Based on Magnetic Field Observations From THEMIS, MMS and Cluster, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033085, ID:33648081.
Keywords: spdf, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =.berkeley.edu/data/themis/ (Date of access. 28 Oct 2024); MMS FGM/MEC data https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ (Date of access. 20 Oct 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In addition, high resolution OMNI (King Papitashvili, 2005), one-minute accuracy SYM-H and Auroral Electrojet indices data are used to classify the FGM data according to geomagnetic activity Availability Statement Data sets for this research are available in these following sources: OMNI data https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/omni_cdaweb/hro_1min/ (Date of access. 13 Dec

Authors=Patra, A. K.; Ajith, K. K.; Perwitasari, Septi;
Title=On the Short-Range Longitudinal Variation of Pre-Reversal Enhancement of Vertical Plasma Drift and Associated Implications, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033124, ID:33648082.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The C/NOFS CINDI-IVM data are available at NASA-SPDF ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) (C/NOFS, 2013). Daily averaged F 10.7 cm and Kp are available at OMNI web interface of NASA’s Space Phys
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The C/NOFS CINDI-IVM data are available at NASA-SPDF ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) (C/NOFS, 2013).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Daily averaged F 10.7 cm and Kp are available at OMNI web interface of NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ” https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ”.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Daily averaged F 10.7 cm and Kp are available at OMNI web interface of NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ” https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ”.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = and Kp are available at OMNI web interface of NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ” https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ”.

Authors=Himmelsbach, J.; Shprits, Y. Y.; Allison, H.; Haas, B.; Wutzig, M.; Szabo-Roberts, M.; Wang, D.; Drozdov, A. Y.;
Title=Using VERB-4D to Model Ring Current Ions and Their Sensitivity to Plasmasphere Density, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033128, ID:33648084.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) ={ chi }(x) ,dV right]$ Data Availability Statement The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data and thank the developers of the International Radiation Belt Environmen
Sample usage ( ACK ) =he authors acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data and thank the developers of the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling (IRBE
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data and thank the developers of the International Radiation Belt Environmen

Authors=Krishnan, Lalitha G.; Shiokawa, Kazuo; Pant, Tarun Kumar; Lu, Gang; Shreedevi, P. R.; Otsuka, Yuichi; Sunda, Surendra;
Title=Responses of the Daytime Low and Equatorial Ionosphere and Thermosphere Over the Indian Region During the Geomagnetic Storm of April 2023, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033141, ID:33648085.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =e http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/GPS/GPS-TEC/gnss_provider_list.html . We acknowledge the CDAWeb team of NASA’s GSFC for the data on the solar wind parameters and SYM-H index.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =libag is available at INTERMAGNET webpage https://imag-data.bgs.ac.uk/GIN_V1/GINForms2 . The OMNI data of the solar wind parameters and SYM-H index were obtained from the NASA GSFC CDAWeb in

Authors=Zou, Ying; Shin, Ohtani; Gjerloev, Jesper W.; Anderson, Brian J.; Waters, Colin L.; Wang, Chih-Ping; Liang, Jun; Lyons, Larry L.; Bhatt, Asti;
Title=Are Supersubstorms Substorms? Extreme Nightside Auroral Electrojet Activities During the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033303, ID:33648100.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind conditions were provided by the high-resolution OMNI data set. OMNI contains 1-min-averaged, field/plasma data sets shifted to the Earth’s bow shock nose. The OMN The solar wind conditions were provided by the high-resolution OMNI data set. OMNI contains 1-min-averaged, field/plasma data sets shifted to the Earth’s bow shock nose. The OMN > contains 1-min-averaged, field/plasma data sets shifted to the Earth’s bow shock nose. The OMNI data are further validated by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) satellites located right o Figures 11a-11c show the OMNI solar wind and IMF conditions, which were taken from sensors onboard the L1-orbiting WIND mission and propagated to the Earth’s bow shock nose. The expansion coincided with a decreased solar wind number density in OMNI data, which is associated with a decreased solar wind Mach number and hence decompression of the magnetosphere.

Authors=Hirai, Asuka; Tsuchiya, Fuminori; Obara, Takahiro; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Katoh, Yuto; Kasaba, Yasumasa; Shiokawa, Kazuo; Kumamoto, Atsushi; Kasahara, Yoshiya; Matsuda, Shoya; Misawa, Hiroaki; Kurita, Satoshi; Jun, Chae-Woo; Ohya, Hiroyo; Connors, Martin G.;
Title=Properties of EMIC Waves and EMIC Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation in Subauroral Latitudes Observed at Athabasca, Canada, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033357, ID:33648109.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind data was provided from the OMNI database (King Papitashvili, 2005). The publicly available SPEDAS 5.0 software package (Angelopoulos et al., 2019) is used to read, analyze, an

Authors=Davidson, Katherine; Lu, Gang; Conde, Mark;
Title=Effects of High-Latitude Input on Neutral Wind Structure and Forcing During the 17 March 2013 Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033366, ID:33648110.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data.

Authors=Khanal, Krishna; Zou, Ying; Shi, Xueling; Zank, Gary; Ruohoniemi, J. Michael; McWilliams, Kathryn;
Title=Controlling Factors of the Local Time Extent of Magnetopause Reconnection: A Statistical Study, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033392, ID:33648118.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge the use of ACE and WIND data from GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb. We acknowledge the use of the Matplotlib, pyDARN, PySpedas, and SPEDAS packages for data analysis.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The ACE and WIND data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (Papitashvili King, 2020). pyDARN is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.136
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge the use of ACE and WIND data from GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb. We acknowledge the use of the Matplotlib, pyDARN, PySpedas, and SPEDAS packages for data analysis.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The ACE and WIND data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (Papitashvili King, 2020). pyDARN is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/ze he ACE and WIND data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (Papitashvili King, 2020). pyDARN is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zen

Authors=Walker, Simon; Hatch, Spencer; Laundal, Karl; Reistad, Jone; Ohma, Anders; Jackman, Caitriona M.;
Title=Predictors of Substorm Onset Conjugate Displacement, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033408, ID:33648121.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In this study we take advantage of the 1-min OMNI data set of solar wind and IMF conditions that have been time shifted to the bow shock (King Papitashvili, 2005). In this study we take advantage of the 1-min OMNI data set of solar wind and IMF conditions that have been time shifted to the bow shock (King Papitashvili, 2005). Firstly, we must associate the bow shock shifted OMNI data and magnetic indices with the substorm onset. Firstly, we must associate the bow shock shifted OMNI data and magnetic indices with the substorm onset.

Authors=Wang, Tieyan; Xiao, Chao; Chen, Wenhao; Qin, Xiaoxiao; Dong, Xiangcheng; Ren, Ganming; Huang, Hongtao; Duan, Die; Xu, Yin;
Title=The Density of the Earth’s Cusp Region: Three-Dimensional Distribution, Formation, and Influencing Factors, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033413, ID:33648122.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data are available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/omni_cdaweb/ .

Authors=Malaspina, D. M.; Axelrad, P.; Goldstein, J.; Nikoukar, R.; Rowland, D.; Fantinato, S.; Miotti, E.;
Title=Magnetospheric Cold Plasma Diagnostics Using High Altitude GNSS Signals, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033426, ID:33648126.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ional fluctuation of solar irradiance is determined by examining OMNI daily F10.7 data from CDAWeb, covering 1 March 2000-30 September 2024 (just before the IMAGE launch to the near-present). ional fluctuation of solar irradiance is determined by examining OMNI daily F10.7 data from CDAWeb, covering 1 March 2000-30 September 2024 (just before the IMAGE launch to the near-present).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI F10.7 data used in this study were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI F10.7 data used in this study were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . a used in this study were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .

Authors=Kogure, Masaru; Yue, Jia; Chou, Min-Yang; Liu, Huixin; Otsuka, Yuichi; Randall, Cora E.; Hoffmann, Lars; Hozumi, Yuta;
Title=Coincident/Simultaneous Observations of Stratospheric Concentric Gravity Waves and Concentric Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Over the Continental U.S. in 2022, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033429, ID:33648127.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =sp.colorado.edu/aim/download-data-raa.php , as well as the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/aim/cips/data/RAA/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =orado at http://lasp.colorado.edu/aim/download-data-raa.php , as well as the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/aim/cips/data/RAA/ .

Authors=Linscott, I. R.; Inan, U. S.; Lauben, D. S.; Farrell, W. M.; Payne, J.; Mossiwir, B.; Wang, C.; Lee, K.; Johnston, W. R.; Starks, M. J.; McCollough, J. P.; Sanchez, J. C.; Su, Y.-J.;
Title=Broadband Receiver for VLF On-Orbit Wave-Particle Interaction Experiments, 2025, doi:10.1029/2022JA030927, ID:33648132.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The BBR data will be available at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility after release qualification in late 2022 to 2023 (see 5.4 data plans in (Johnston et al., 2023)). The full BBR data will be available at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility after release qualification (see 5.4 data plans in (Johnston et al., 2023)).

Authors=Jiang, Wence; Li, Hui; Yang, Zhongwei; Verscharen, Daniel; Wang, Chi;
Title=Spatial Dependence of Ion-Kinetic Instabilities in the Earth’s Magnetosheath: MMS Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033463, ID:33648135.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =the MMS team for the FGM and FPI data ( https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public ) and NASA CDAWEB for the OMNI data ( https://cdaweb.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ). lorado.edu/mms/sdc/public ) and NASA CDAWEB for the OMNI data ( https://cdaweb.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) = Science Data Center https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/ , and the CDA Web https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The OMNI data are available from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface https://omniw
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data are available from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =or the FGM and FPI data ( https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public ) and NASA CDAWEB for the OMNI data ( https://cdaweb.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data are available from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The OMNI data are available from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .

Authors=Wang, Jintao; Tang, Jun; Xu, Chaoqian; Zhang, Liang; Wang, Youkun;
Title=Ionospheric Disturbances Detection Based on BDS-GEO Observations With Prophet Model Over China: A Case Study of May 2017 Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033472, ID:33648139.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ence Data Center through the Geophysics Center for the Ionosonde data, OMNIWeb for providing OMNI data, European Space Agency for providing Swarm satellite data, GUVI for providing O/N 2 rat
Sample usage ( ACK ) =onal Earth System Science Data Center through the Geophysics Center for the Ionosonde data, OMNIWeb for providing OMNI data, European Space Agency for providing Swarm satellite data, GUVI for

Authors=Lee, Wonseok; Liu, Guiping; Wu, Dong L.; Rowland, Douglas E.;
Title=Ionospheric Response to the 10 May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm as Observed in GNSS Radio Occultation Electron Density, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033489, ID:33648142.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =resolution (5 min) OMNI IMF data provided by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We utilized the high-resolution (5 min) OMNI IMF data provided by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) = OMNI IMF data provided by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). rd Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The IMF and solar wind data are available at OMNIWeb interface ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The IMF and solar wind data are available at OMNIWeb interface ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Bower, G. E.; Milan, S. E.; Imber, S.; Schillings, A.; Fleetham, A.; Beggan, C.; Gjerloev, J. W.;
Title=Asymmetry in the Ring Current During Geomagnetic Disturbances, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033492, ID:33648144.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and OMNI data. owledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =used in this study were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html (King Papit
Sample usage ( ACK ) =SA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and OMNI data. AS was supported by Vetenskapradet, Swedish Research Council, Grant VR 2021-06683.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html (King Papitashvili, 2005).

Authors=Chang, Hyeyeon; Morton, Y. Jade; Dittmann, Timothy; Hunt, Douglas; Durgonics, Tibor; Braun, John; Weiss, Jan-Peter;
Title=Assessment of Scintillation Data From PlanetiQ and Spire Global Radio Occultation Missions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033543, ID:33648155.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic indices can be downloaded OMNIWeb from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html .

Authors=Ranjan, Alok Kumar; Pallamraju, Duggirala;
Title=Latitudinal Distribution of Thermospheric Nitric Oxide (NO) Infrared Radiative Cooling During May and October 2024 Geomagnetic Storms, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033559, ID:33648157.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We also acknowledge the OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), WDC for Geomagnetism Kyoto ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ ), and The International Service of Geomagnetic Indic We also acknowledge the OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), WDC for Geomagnetism Kyoto ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ ), and The International Service of Geomagnetic Indi
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In order to characterize the geomagnetic storms under consideration in this study, the OMNIWeb data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), WDC for Geomagnetism Kyoto ( https://wdc.k netic storms under consideration in this study, the OMNIWeb data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), WDC for Geomagnetism Kyoto ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ ), and The Inte ameters and geomagnetic indices datasets used in this study, which are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html , and https://isgi.unistra.fr/indices_asy.php .

Authors=Bergman, S.; Karlsson, T.; Wong Chan, T. K.; Trollvik, H.;
Title=Statistical Properties of Short Large-Amplitude Magnetic Structures (SLAMS) in the Foreshock of Earth From Cluster Measurements, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033568, ID:33648161.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of the ESA Cluster Science Archive and NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data are obtained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =A Cluster Science Archive and NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data. This paper uses data from the Heliospheric Shock Database, generated and maintained at
Sample usage ( ACK ) =wledge use of the ESA Cluster Science Archive and NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data. This paper uses data from the Heliospheric Shock Database, generate
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data are obtained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). ained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Wang, Xiaoyu; Wang, Dedong; Cao, Xing; Ni, Binbin; Drozdov, Alexander Y.; Zhang, Xiaojia; Dou, Xiankang; Shprits, Yuri Y.;
Title=Dynamics of Ultra-Relativistic Electrons on 19 December 2015: Combinations of Adiabatic and Non-Adiabatic Effects, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033595, ID:33648168.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = and REPT instruments and EMFISIS magnetometer instrument, respectively ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ). We also thank the POES MetOp-02 team for providing precipitation parti
Sample usage ( BODY ) =eters and geomagnetic indexes are publicly available from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indexes are publicly available from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .

Authors=Takahashi, Kazue; Denton, Richard E.; Chi, Peter;
Title=Stormtime Evolution of the { mathrm{O}}(+) Density: Magnetoseismic Analysis of Van Allen Probes Data, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033657, ID:33648171.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Statement Van Allen Probes data are available at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility Coordinated Data Analysis Web ( 2024).

Authors=Zhang, Qing-Yu; Zhang, Bei-Chen; Zhang, Qing-He; Chen, Xiang-Cai; Xing, Zan-Yang; Wang, Yong; Ma, Yu-Zhang; Lu, Sheng;
Title=A Simulation Study of NmF2 Semiannual Anomaly at the Zhongshan Station, Antarctica, at Solar Maximum Based on TIEGCM, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA032907, ID:34102082.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F 10.7 ${F}{10.7}$ and Kp indices data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F 10.7 ${F}{10.7}$ and Kp indices data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005). and Kp indices data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005).

Authors=Lee, C. H.; Seon, J.; Seol, W. H.; Kim, K. H.; Larson, D. E.; Parks, G. K.; Auster, H. U.; Magnes, W.; Kraft, S.; Lee, D. Y.; Boudouridis, A.; Loto’aniu, P. T. M.; Rodriguez, J. V.;
Title=Electron Phase Space Densities in Geostationary Orbits as Measured With GK2A, GOES-16, and GOES-17 Satellites, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033161, ID:34102101.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nd geomagnetic index were obtained from the Space Physics Data Facility of NASA ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Software—SpacePy 0.4.1 used for calculating adiabatic invariants and geomagnet
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ata—The OMNI data for the solar wind and geomagnetic index were obtained from the Space Physics Data Facility of NASA ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ges of Operating Missions as a Node on the Internet (OMNI) parameters obtained from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , whereas the magnetic field input parameters are obtained from https://iswa. Data—The input parameters for the TS05 magnetic field model, derived from OMNIWeb data, were provided by Zhengui Qin and Richard Denton.

Authors=Peng, Y.; Li, W.; Ma, Q.; Shen, X.-C.;
Title=Statistical Properties of Dayside Whistler-Mode Waves at Low Latitudes Under Various Solar Wind Conditions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033225, ID:34102104.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For statistical purposes, the OMNI data were interpolated to match the cadence of the wave data. (a-c) Wave amplitude, (d-f) 14 keV electron anisotropy, and (g-i) the corresponding omni-directional phase space density, at different magnetic latitudes sorted by column. An overview of electron anisotropy and omni-directional PSDs at 1.5, 4.5 and 14 keV is shown in Figure 3. An overview of electron anisotropy and omni-directional PSDs at 1.5, 4.5 and 14 keV is shown in Figure 3.

Authors=Baraka, M.; Le Contel, O.; Canu, P.; Alqeeq, S. W.; Dargent, J.; Beck, A.; Cozzani, G.; Retino, A.; Chust, T.; Mirioni, L.; Toledo-Redondo, S.; Akhavan-Tafti, M.; Bandyopadhyay, R.; Chasapis, A.; Norgren, C.; Khotyaintsev, Y.; Ahmadi, N.; Wei, H. Y.; Fischer, D.; Gershman, D. J.; Burch, J. L.; Torbert, R. B.; Giles, B. L.; Fuselier, S. A.; Ergun, R. E.; Lindqvist, P.-A.; Russell, C. T.; Strangeway, R. J.; Bromund, K. R.;
Title=MMS Analysis of a Dayside Compressed Magnetospheric Separatrix in the Presence of Cold Ions and a Moderate Guide Field, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033234, ID:34102107.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Magnetospheric Multiscale data are available with free access at ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). We use version 3.3 of the FPI level 2 moments, version 4.18 of the FGM data, version 2.2 of

Authors=Wu, Qian; Lin, Dong; Wang, Wenbin; Pham, Kevin; Qian, Liying; Wu, Haonan; Immel, Thomas J.; Yigit, Erdal;
Title=Penetrating Electric Field With/Without Disturbed Electric Fields During the 7-8 July 2022 Geomagnetic Storm Simulated by MAGE and Observed by ICON MIGHTI, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033240, ID:34102114.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) = can be found at the ICON Mission website https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data and in the NASA SPDF Archive (spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data) The MAGE simulation results along the ICON sampli n website https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data and in the NASA SPDF Archive (spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data) The MAGE simulation results along the ICON sampling tracks can be found at dataset

Authors=Mooney, M. K.; Milan, S. E.; Lester, M.; Dandouras, I.; Carr, C.; Fazakerley, A. N.;
Title=Cluster Observations of Plasma in the High Latitude Magnetotail Associated With Cusp-Aligned Arcs, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033252, ID:34102118.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =I data used in this study were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =s study were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html .

Authors=Shen, Xiao-Chen; Li, Wen; Ma, Qianli; Qin, Murong; Capannolo, Luisa; Hanzelka, Miroslav; Angelopoulos, Vassilis; Artemyev, Anton V.; Wilkins, Colin; Liu, Jiang; Tsai, Ethan;
Title=Whistler Mode Wave-Driven Electron Scattering Properties From ELFIN Measurements of the Precipitation Ratio, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033363, ID:34102139.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Data from the ELFIN is publicly available at NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (ELFIN, 2024). The geomagnetic AE index is from Kyoto University (Nose et al., 2015
Sample usage ( BODY ) = to ~500 nT (Figure 1b). 1 Figure Overview of solar wind and geomagnetic conditions from the OMNI data set and electron flux observed by ELFIN-A.

Authors=Ambili, K. M.; Choudhary, R. K.; Ashok, Arya; Potdar, Ajay; Vineeth, C.; Pant, T. K.;
Title=The Impact of 11 May 2024 Great Geomagnetic Storm on the Plasma Distribution Over the Indian Equatorial/Low Latitude Ionospheric Region, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033368, ID:34102148.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind parameters were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov The data from the instruments such as digisonde, magnetometer and GNSS receivers
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind parameters are from the OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) (King Papitashvili, 2005). The solar wind parameters are from the OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) (King Papitashvili, 2005).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind parameters are from the OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) (King Papitashvili, 2005). The solar wind parameters are from the OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) (King Papitashvili, 2005). The solar wind parameters were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov The data from the instruments such as digisonde, magnetometer and GNSS r olar wind parameters were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov The data from the instruments such as digisonde, magnetometer and GNSS receiv

Authors=Yan, Xu; Cai, Hongtao; Qiu, Lihui; Zhou, Jiawei; Zhang, Hong; Yang, Lubing; Xiong, Chao;
Title=Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Nitric Oxide Production at High Latitudes Caused by an ICME-Driven Storm onDec. 14, 2006, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033406, ID:34102164.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Finally, the solar wind data we used was accessed through CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Finally, the solar wind data we used was accessed through CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Hartinger, Michael D.; Shi, Xueling; Verkhoglyadova, Olga; Meng, Xing; Ozturk, Dogacan Su; Moore, Angelyn; Shen, Yangyang; Artemyev, Anton; Gillies, D. Megan; Angelopoulos, Vassilis;
Title=Statistical Analysis of Ultra-Low-Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033456, ID:34102190.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The original, unprocessed measurements were obtained from USGS, THEMIS repository (CDAWeb), and NASA CDDIS as described in Section 2.1.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We access both from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface database. For this study, we only require hourly averaged values, though minute-averaged values are also stored in our We access both from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface database. For this study, we only require hourly averaged values, though minute-averaged values are also stored in our
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We access both from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface database. For this study, we only require hourly averaged values, though minute-averaged values are also stored in our We access both from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface database. For this study, we only require hourly averaged values, though minute-averaged values are also stored in our

Authors=Swarnalingam, Nimalan; Wu, Dong L.; Bilitza, Dieter; Emmons, Daniel J.; Salinas, Cornelius Csar Jude H.; Smirnov, Artem; Migoya-Orue, Yenca;
Title=Metallic Ions Near the Moon: Impact of Solar Activity and Lunar Position, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033566, ID:34102258.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ARTEMIS data are available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) in NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) platform of GSFC at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ . b) in NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) platform of GSFC at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) in NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) platform of GSFC at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ARTEMIS data are available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) in NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) platform of GSFC at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ .

Authors=Wang, Xin; Aa, Ercha; Chen, Yanhong; Zhang, Jiaojiao; Zhu, Yajun; Cai, Lei; Lu, Xian; Luo, Bingxian; Liu, Siqing; Li, Ming; Shen, Hua; Yuan, Tianjiao;
Title=Midlatitude Neutral Wind Response During the Mother’s Day Super-Intense Geomagnetic Storm in 2024 Using Observations From the Chinese Meridian Project, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033574, ID:34102261.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = magnetic field (IMF), and geomagnetic conditions are analyzed using the 1 min data from the OMNI database (King Papitashvili, 2005; Papitashvili King, 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data of IMF, SW parameters, and geomagnetic activity indices are from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The GNSS TEC data in northern hemisphere are obtained from the M MF, SW parameters, and geomagnetic activity indices are from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The GNSS TEC data in northern hemisphere are obtained from the Madrigal data

Authors=Aksonova, Kateryna D.; Panasenko, Sergii V.; Buresova, Dalia; Goncharenko, Larisa P.; Zhang, Shun-Rong; Domnin, Igor F.;
Title=Magnetically Quiet-Time Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Over Mid-Latitude Eastern Europe Observed by the Kharkiv Incoherent Scatter Radar During the 24th Solar Cycle, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033583, ID:34102267.
Keywords: omniweb, vitmo
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We employed observational geomagnetic parameters provided by OMNIWeb, NASA ( omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and WDC, Kyoto (wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp). We employed observational geomagnetic parameters provided by OMNIWeb, NASA ( omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and WDC, Kyoto (wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp). F 10.7 and F 30 solar flux indices were accessed through OMNIWeb, NASA ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ) and the NOAA FTP Server ( ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/indices F 10.7 and F 30 solar flux indices were accessed through OMNIWeb, NASA ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ) and the NOAA FTP Server ( ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/indices/
Sample usage ( BODY ) = F 30 solar flux indices were accessed through OMNIWeb, NASA ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ) and the NOAA FTP Server ( ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/indices/old_indices/ ).

Authors=Thomson, Neil R.; Clilverd, Mark A.; Rodger, Craig J.;
Title=Responses of High-Latitude Mesopause Height and Temperature to Geomagnetic Storms, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033624, ID:34102296.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The AE index is downloaded from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The AE index is downloaded from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).

Authors=Olifer, L.; Manavalan, P.; Headrick, D.; Palmers, S.; Harbarenko, B.; Cai, J.; Fourie, J.; Bauer, O.; Mann, I. R.;
Title=Low-Cost Monitoring of Energetic Particle Precipitation: Weather Balloon-Borne Timepix Measurements During the May 2024 Superstorm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033626, ID:34102300.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =a and GOES-18 magnetometer data were retrieved from the Coordinated Data Analysis Web page (CDAWeb, 2024). The balloon launch raw and processed data are available from the University of Albe
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement OMNI solar wind data and GOES-18 magnetometer data were retrieved from the Coordinated Data Analysis Web page (CDAWeb, 2024).

Authors=Wan, Qingtao; Ma, Guanyi; Zhou, Guiping; Li, Jinghua; Fan, Jiangtao;
Title=The Ionospheric Response During the Super Geomagnetic Storm on May 10-11, 2024, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033627, ID:34102302.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =and interplanetary magnetic field data are obtained from the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The AE index, Dst index, SYM-H, and ASY-H indi eld data are obtained from the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The AE index, Dst index, SYM-H, and ASY-H indices used in this paper were pro

Authors=Singh, Ram; Scipion, Danny E.; Kuyeng, Karim; Condor, Percy; Flores, Roberto; Pacheco, Edgardo; La Jara, Cesar; Manay, Edwar;
Title=Ionospheric Responses to an Extreme (G5-Level) Geomagnetic Storm Using Multi-Instrument Measurements at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory on 10-11 October 2024, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033642, ID:34102310.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank NASA/GSFC for providing access to the OMNIWeb (CDAWeb) service and the OMNI data used in this study.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank NASA/GSFC for providing access to the OMNIWeb (CDAWeb) service and the OMNI data used in this study. We also acknowledge the GPS-TEC and neutral wind data made available through the
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank NASA/GSFC for providing access to the OMNIWeb (CDAWeb) service and the OMNI data used in this study.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e data were sourced from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite and accessed via OMNIweb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). e Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite and accessed via OMNIweb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). The solar wind interplanetary and geomagnetic data are sourced from the OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). ar wind interplanetary and geomagnetic data are sourced from the OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ).

Authors=Carnevale, G.; Regi, M.; Lepidi, S.; Francia, P.;
Title=On the Relationship Between Solar Wind High-Speed Stream Waves and Geomagnetic Pc5 Activity From Mid to High Latitudes: A Case Study on January 5-12 2008, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033645, ID:34102312.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =present study, we used SW and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) measurements obtained from OMNI data set provided by the NASA website (Coordinated Data Analysis Web, http://cdaweb.gsfc.nas tems at 1-min time resolution, time-shifted to the Earth’s bow shock nose. In addition, from OMNI we also retrieved the 1-min AE index and 3-hr Kp index provided by the World Data Center for

Authors=Nishimura, Y.; Lyons, L. R.; Gabrielse, C.; Donovan, E. F.; Angelopoulos, V.;
Title=Transition Between Substorm Auroral Onset and Expansion Phase Activity, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033770, ID:34102344.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Additional magnetometer data and the OMNI interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are shown in Figure S1 in Supporting Information S1. Additional magnetometer data and the OMNI interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are shown in Figure S1 in Supporting Information S1.

Authors=Zhang, H.; Lu, J. Y.; Zhong, Z. H.; Feng, B. P.; Wang, M.; Tang, R. X.; Deng, X. H.;
Title=The Wave Normal Angle Characteristic of Whistler-Mode Waves in the Dayside Terrestrial Space Based on MMS Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033789, ID:34102349.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =er choose the solar wind dynamic pressure (1 min time resolution) from the OMNI database of CDAweb as an indicator of the effects of the change in dayside terrestrial space.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We further choose the solar wind dynamic pressure (1 min time resolution) from the OMNI database of CDAweb as an indicator of the effects of the change in dayside terrestrial space. Data Availability Statement The OMNI solar wind data are available at OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and the MMS high-quality data are available at MMS Data Center ( https://lasp.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The OMNI solar wind data are available at OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and the MMS high-quality data are available at MMS Data Center ( https ilability Statement The OMNI solar wind data are available at OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and the MMS high-quality data are available at MMS Data Center ( https://lasp.

Authors=Kramer, E.; Hamrin, M.; Gunell, H.; Baddeley, L.; Partamies, N.; Raptis, S.; Herlingshaw, K.; Schillings, A.;
Title=Magnetosheath Jet-Triggered ULF Waves: Energy Deposition in the Ionosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033792, ID:34102352.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For the IMF and solar wind properties we used 1 min high resolution OMNI data propagated to the bow shock nose (Papitashvili King, 2020). The averaging also takes into account uncertainties in the OMNI propagation time (Case Wild, 2012; Mailyan et al., 2008). For the IMF and solar wind properties we used 1 min high resolution OMNI data propagated to the bow shock nose (Papitashvili King, 2020). The averaging also takes into account uncertainties in the OMNI propagation time (Case Wild, 2012; Mailyan et al., 2008).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . ce Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Cai, Xuguang; Wang, Wenbin; Eastes, Richard W.; Qian, Liying; Mlynczak, Martin G.; Evans, J. S.; Wang, Ningchao; Nowak, Nabil; Pedatella, Nicholas; Wu, Kun;
Title=Concurrent GOLD and SABER Observations of Thermosphere Composition and Temperature Responses to the April 23-24, 2023 Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033912, ID:34102355.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The GOLD data is from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval1.cgi . The SABER data is from https://data.gats-inc.com/saber/Version2_0/SABER_cooling/ . IMF data are from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Kp and F10.7 are from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . IMF data are from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html .

Authors=Horvath, Ildiko; Lovell, Brian C.;
Title=Outer-Plasmasphere Plasma Hole Scenarios Promoting Hot Zone and Sub-Auroral Polarization Streams (SAPS) E Field Development, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033184, ID:34694756.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =he THEMIS ASI images( ), along with the THEMIS, NOAA and Met-Op data ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ). We gratefully acknowledge the World Data Center for Geomagnetism at http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec3.html ) and the OMNI database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ) for providing the AE and AL indices.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = The THEMIS, NOAA and Met-Op data sets can be accessed online (through https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ) The AE and AL indices can be accessed online from the OMNI database: and AL indices can be accessed online from the OMNI database: (through https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ): The SuperMAG provided various types of substorm lists can be access
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ata Center for Geomagnetism at Kyoto ( http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec3.html ) and the OMNI database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ) for providing the AE and AL in
Sample usage ( BODY ) =eb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ) The AE and AL indices can be accessed online from the OMNI database: (through https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ): The SuperMAG provided

Authors=Graham, D. B.; Khotyaintsev, Yu. V.;
Title=The Structure and Kinetic Ion Behavior of Low Mach Number Shocks, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033283, ID:34694757.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ent MMS data are available at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public and https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ . We use survey and burst mode magnetic field data from FGM (Russell et al

Authors=Astafyeva, E.; Maletckii, B.; Forster, M.; Ouar, I. D.; Huba, J. D.; Hairston, M. R.; Coley, W. R.;
Title=Electrodynamic and Ionospheric Puzzles of the 10-11 May 2024 Geomagnetic Superstorm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033284, ID:34694758.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =f the solar wind parameters and the SYM-H index are available via the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ameters and the SYM-H index are available via the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). ilable via the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).

Authors=Stoll, Katja; Pick, Leonie; Wang, Dedong; Haas, Bernhard; Cao, Xing; Ni, Binbin; Shprits, Yuri;
Title=Can ECH Wave Scattering Explain the Unaccounted Electron Loss During the 17 March 2013 Geomagnetic Storm?, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033516, ID:34694776.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ssible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . All data from the RBSP EMFISIS instrument are available at https://emfisis.physic
Sample usage ( BODY ) =a Availability Statement The values of the Kp and Sym-H indices are available from the NASA OMNIWeb data explorer, accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and https H indices are available from the NASA OMNIWeb data explorer, accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . ta explorer, accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .

Authors=Stephan, A. W.; Meier, R. R.; England, S. L.; Immel, T. J.;
Title=Ionospheric and Thermospheric Response to the 13 June 2022 M-Class Solar Flare, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033526, ID:34694778.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =s://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/ ). This analysis used Version 3 of the Level 2.6 ICON EUV data and Versio
Sample usage ( BODY ) =available from the ICON website ( https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/ ).

Authors=Liu, Jing; Wang, Wenbin; Liang, Jun; Cao, Tianyu; Li, Shuhan;
Title=The Effects of Storm-Enhanced Zonal Ion Drifts and Plasmaspheric Heat Flux on Middle-Latitude Ionospheric Trough, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033615, ID:34694788.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind and geomagnetic indices can be accessed in the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind and geomagnetic indices can be accessed in the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). eomagnetic indices can be accessed in the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Wellbrock, A.; Jones, G. H.;
Title=Observations of a Disconnection Event and Other Large-Scale Disturbances in the Ion Tail of Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF), 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033623, ID:34694789.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors acknowledge data downloaded from OMNIWeb Plus Browser and NASA WIND for WIND magnetic field data https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftpbrowser/mag_iwa.html and https://wind.nasa.gov/mf

Authors=Cheng, Qihang; Wang, Hui; Zhang, Kedeng;
Title=Longitudinal Differences in the Response of Equatorial Electrojet to the Sudden Decrease of Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033636, ID:34694792.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =terplanetary magnetic field and magnetic activity index data are from NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Description The sudden decrease of P Dyn is classified using 1-minutely solar wind data from OMNI.P Dyn is calculated using the formula P Dyn = m p N sw V sw 2 , where m p is the mass of pro
Sample usage ( BODY ) =c field and magnetic activity index data are from NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). ty index data are from NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).

Authors=Lindberg, M.; Hietala, H.; Shirazul, K.; Trotta, D.; Sulaiman, A. H.; Burkholder, B. L.; Dimmock, A.;
Title=Statistical Study of Magnetic Overshoots at Collisionless Shocks, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033659, ID:34694795.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Therefore, we use the 1-min OMNI (King Papitashvili, 2005) ion temperature data to determine the upstream ion plasma beta for the MMS shock crossings. Therefore, we use the 1-min OMNI (King Papitashvili, 2005) ion temperature data to determine the upstream ion plasma beta for the MMS shock crossings. GM) (Russell et al., 2016), and Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) (Le Contel et al., 2016). The OMNI data were obtained from the OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (J.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (J. The OMNI data were obtained from the OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (J.

Authors=Starkey, Michael J.; Dokgo, Kyunghwan; Sokol, Justyna M.; Mukherjee, Joey; Smith, Charles W.; Fuselier, Stephen A.; Gomez, Roman;
Title=First MMS Observations of Waves Possibly Generated by PUIs Near Earth, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033660, ID:34694796.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =These data are publicly available through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF, https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ). cly available through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF, https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ). These data are publicly available through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF, https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ). cly available through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF, https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =These data are publicly available through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF, https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ). These data are publicly available through the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF, https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =This energy range was determined based on the omni-directional H + flux in Figure 2a to include the bulk energies of the solar wind (i.e., greater than ~10 2 [#/(cm 2 -sr-s-keV)]). This energy range was determined based on the omni-directional H + flux in Figure 2a to include the bulk energies of the solar wind (i.e., greater than ~10 2 [#/(cm 2 -sr-s-keV)]).

Authors=Ohtani, S.; Zou, Y.; Merkin, V. G.; Wiltberger, M.; Pham, K. H.; Raptis, S.; Friel, M.; Gjerloev, J. W.;
Title=Ground Magnetic Response to an Extraordinary IMF B_Y Flip During the May 2024 Storm: Travel Time From the Magnetosheath to Dayside High Latitudes, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033691, ID:34694798.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data are available at the NASA OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The MMS data are available at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/ , and the THEMIS data are ava

Authors=Nailwal, Dayakrishna; Sunil Krishna, M. V.; Ranjan, Alok Kumar;
Title=Differential Response of Nitric Oxide Radiative Cooling to Moderate and Intense Geomagnetic Storms: Insights From Superposed Epoch Analysis, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033693, ID:34694799.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =2_0/SABER_cooling/ ), OMNIWeb data can be accessed from ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ) and the TIEGCM data can be accessed from the World Data Center for Climate (WDCC)
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments We express our sincere thanks to the SABER, OMNIWeb, WDC Geomagnetism Kyoto University, and TIEGCM teams for providing the essential datasets used in this work.

Authors=Liu, Jianjun; Jin, Yaqi; Chen, Xiangcai; Wang, Zhiwei; He, Fang; Hu, Zejun; Yukimatu, Akira Sessai; Bristow, William; Hu, Hongqiao; Zhang, Beichen;
Title=The Propagation and Evolution of Polar Cap Patches During Auroral Substorm Activity, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033814, ID:34694802.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =d Data Set In this study, we analyzed upstream IMF and solar wind plasma parameters from the OMNI data set. The geomagnetic symmetric ring current index of Sym-H and the auroral electrojet ( The temporal resolution of these data is 1 min, which was obtained from the integrated OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ). The temporal resolution of these data is 1 min, which was obtained from the integrated OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ution of these data is 1 min, which was obtained from the integrated OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ). The top panel in Figure 1 displays three IMF components of B x ution of these data is 1 min, which was obtained from the integrated OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ). The top panel in Figure 1 displays three IMF components of B x lability Statement The IMF, solar wind data, AE index, Sym-H index are provided by the NASA OMNIWeb service ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). wind data, AE index, Sym-H index are provided by the NASA OMNIWeb service ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).

Authors=Shaaban, S. M.; Kennis, S.; Lazar, M.; Pierrard, V.; Poedts, S.;
Title=Core-Halo Correlations of Solar Wind Electrons and Temperature Anisotropy Instabilities, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033838, ID:34694803.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = ( 2008), while the raw electron data can also be accessed through the SPFD CDA Web service cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The entire Helios data set is archived and maintained at the University of

Authors=Rutala, M. J.; Jackman, C. M.; Louis, C. K.; Azari, A. R.; Bagenal, F.; Joy, S. P.; Kurth, W. S.; Keebler, T. B.; Giles, R. S.; Ebert, R. W.; Bowers, C. F.; Vogt, M. F.;
Title=New Models of Jupiter’s Magnetopause and Bow Shock Through the Juno Prime Mission: Probabilistic Location, Shape, and Internally-Driven Variation, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033842, ID:34694804.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =uno missions were obtained from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) service (Papitashvili et al., 2015), the Automated Multi-Dataset Analysis (AMDA) database (
Sample usage ( BODY ) = the Ulysses and Juno missions were obtained from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) service (Papitashvili et al., 2015), the Automated Multi-Dataset Analysis
Sample usage ( BODY ) =This parameter is calculated from solar wind measurements near the Earth using OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005; Papitashvili King, 2020), and is further averaged over a 13-Carrington-rota

Authors=Liu, Yi; Ren, Dexin; Lei, Jiuhou; Huang, Fuqing; Zhong, Jiahao; Zhou, Su;
Title=Unveiling Latitudinal Structure Evolution of the Topside Ionosphere From Quiet Periods to Geomagnetic Storm Conditions: Insights From In-Situ Electron Density and Up-Looking TEC Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033946, ID:34694809.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The DMSP data is available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/dmsp ). DMSP data is available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/dmsp ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ata Availability Statement The geophysical parameters are available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for the OMNI2 data set. The DMSP data gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for the OMNI2 data set. The DMSP data is available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/dmsp ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for the OMNI2 data set. The DMSP data is available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( http
Sample usage ( BODY ) =at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for the OMNI2 data set. The DMSP data is available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( http
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tatement The geophysical parameters are available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for the OMNI2 data set. ters are available at NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for the OMNI2 data set.

Authors=Huang, Jinbei; Lyu, Xingzhi; Tu, Weichao; Ma, Qianli; Selesnick, Richard; Liu, Xu; Chen, Lunjin;
Title=Modeling Relativistic Electron Dropout in the Outer Radiation Belt During the 31 December 2016 Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033965, ID:34694810.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =d (IMF) data used in this study were obtained from OMNIWeb and are accessible at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Data from the MagEIS and REPT instruments onboard the Van Allen Probes are ava
Sample usage ( BODY ) =eaching approximately -40 nT, as shown by the black solid line in Figure 1f (obtained from OMNIWeb; the following geomagnetic indices, solar wind parameters, and interplanetary magnetic fiel solar wind parameters, and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) data are also sourced from OMNIWeb). ameters, and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) data used in this study were obtained from OMNIWeb and are accessible at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Pramitha, M.; Praveen, M.; Ratnam, M. Venkat;
Title=Mesopause Insights: Unraveling Temperature and Height Trends Through SABER/TIMED and SD WACCM X Simulations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033457, ID:34938662.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =BO_Singapore_Uvals_GSFC.txt , while the F10.7 solar radio flux data is available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .

Authors=Nordin, G.; Hamrin, M.; Kramer, E.; Dredger, P.; Fatemi, S.; Lopez, R. E.; Milan, S. E.; Pitkanen, T.; Karlsson, T.; Goncharov, O.;
Title=Statistical Observations in Support of Bow Shock Current Closure to Earth’s High-Latitude Ionosphere During Non-Zero IMF B_y, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033599, ID:34938664.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Additionally, we use the 1-min resolution OMNI data set for the IMF and solar wind (Papitashvili King, 2020). These data are readily time-shifted to the bow shock nose. We present the OM hvili King, 2020). These data are readily time-shifted to the bow shock nose. We present the OMNI data in the Geocentric Solar Ecliptic (GSE) coordinate system. Additionally, we use the 1-min resolution OMNI data set for the IMF and solar wind (Papitashvili King, 2020). These data are readily time-shifted to the bow shock nose. We present the OM hvili King, 2020). These data are readily time-shifted to the bow shock nose. We present the OMNI data in the Geocentric Solar Ecliptic (GSE) coordinate system.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . ce Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Li, Jiaming; Lou, Yuequn; Gu, Xudong; Ni, Binbin; Zhu, Qi; Ma, Xin; Chen, Shuqin;
Title=Spatial Distribution and Geomagnetic Dependence of Radiation Belt Electron Reversed Energy Spectrum, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033738, ID:34938671.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =geomagnetic AE and Dst indices used in this study are publicly available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ .

Authors=Li, Ke; Zhang, Donghe; Tian, Yaoyu; Sun, Shuji; Gao, Hongyu; Zeng, Yi; Yang, Guanglin; Hao, Yongqiang;
Title=Statistical Study on the Connections Between TEC Periodic Disturbances Associated With MSTIDs and Mid-Latitude Frequency Spread F in Summer Nights Over China, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033706, ID:34938672.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We also thank the NASA SPDF OMNIWeb website for providing space weather data freely online.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Kp index can be downloaded from NASA SPDF OMNIWeb website at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We also thank the NASA SPDF OMNIWeb website for providing space weather data freely online.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Kp index can be downloaded from NASA SPDF OMNIWeb website at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The Kp index can be downloaded from NASA SPDF OMNIWeb website at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Huang, Shengyang; Zhao, Shufan; Liao, Li; Dong, Xuan; Lu, Hengxin; Shen, Xuhui;
Title=Do Solar Eclipses Generate Propagating Ionospheric Perturbations?, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033746, ID:34938689.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =F10.7 data are accessible through the OMNI Web Data Explorer system ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). ible through the OMNI Web Data Explorer system ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =F10.7 data are accessible through the OMNI Web Data Explorer system ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ).

Authors=Motoba, T.; Ohtani, S.;
Title=Species-Dependent and Azimuthally-Directional Flux Changes of Dispersionless Ion Injections Inside Geosynchronous Orbit, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033757, ID:34938691.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ilability Statement Data from Van Allen Probes used in this study are publicly available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ). len Probes used in this study are publicly available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ).

Authors=Marchuk, R. A.; Mishin, V. V.; Penskikh, Yu. V.; Klibanova, Yu. Yu.; Mikhalev, A. V.;
Title=Geomagnetic Disturbances and Midlatitude Airglow During the 20 December 2015 Magnetospheric Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033979, ID:34938693.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We are grateful to NASA CDAWEB for providing satellite data and the information owners for the opportunity to use the data from the World data center, and 1-min geomagnetic data from the Sup
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement We used NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service, and OMNI data ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement We used NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service, and OMNI data ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e the SW and IMF key parameters in the Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric (GSM) system from the OMNI 1-min Data Set (Papitashvili King, 2020). Also, we use the The Van Allen Probes, formerly kn Availability Statement We used NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service, and OMNI data ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?

Authors=Venkatesh, K.; Kava, H.; Pallamraju, D.; Seemala, Gopi K.;
Title=Determining the Subsolar Magnetopause Position Using CMEM, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033837, ID:34938716.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =It is expected that solar wind information will be available from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) during the SMILE mission. It is expected that solar wind information will be available from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) during the SMILE mission.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = is expected that solar wind information will be available from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) during the SMILE mission. is expected that solar wind information will be available from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) during the SMILE mission.

Authors=Tonoian, David S.; Zhang, Xiao-Jia; Artemyev, Anton; Ma, Qianli; Ebert, Robert W.; Allegrini, Frederic;
Title=Parametric Regimes of Thin Current Sheets in Planetary Magnetospheres and Solar Wind, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033942, ID:34938769.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ions, the ion temperature T i ${T}{i}$ is reconstructed based on its correlation with 1-min OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005). Details of this reconstruction technique can be found in A. ions, the ion temperature T i ${T}{i}$ is reconstructed based on its correlation with 1-min OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005). Details of this reconstruction technique can be found in A.

Authors=Kajdic, Primoz; Temmer, Manuela; Blanco-Cano, Xochitl;
Title=Preconditioning of the Interplanetary Medium Due To Isolated ICMEs, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033887, ID:34938775.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =plasma data sets with 1 hour time resolution provided by the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). After the careful manual selection of events, we time resolution provided by the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). After the careful manual selection of events, we calculate average values of The Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) portal for obtaining the data from STEREO, ACE and Helios missions. The Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) portal for obtaining the data from STEREO, ACE and Helios missions.

Authors=Jiang, Xiaoli; Li, Huimin; Guo, Lixin; Ye, Dalin; Meng, Xiao;
Title=Investigating Topside Ionospheric Responses to the November 2003 Superstorm Using CHAMP, GRACE, and SAC-C Satellite Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033478, ID:34938843.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Appreciation is also extended to the Space Physics Data Facility at the Goddard Space Flight Center for supplying Bz, SYM-H, and AE data, accessible at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/o

Authors=Zou, Ying; Walsh, Brian M.; Chen, Yuxi; Zhou, Hongyang; Raptis, Savvas;
Title=Control of Solar Wind on Magnetic Field Fluctuations in the Subsolar Magnetosheath, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033856, ID:34938857.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data are available through https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ . ACE data are available through https://izw1.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For example, the parcel of solar wind captured in OMNI, which often measured at a location around the L1 point, may not be the same parcel that reaches the Earth. The level of fluctuations in the solar wind is then characterized in the same manner as for OMNI (Equation 1), except for using 1-s ACE data. The level of fluctuations in the solar wind is then characterized in the same manner as for OMNI (Equation 1), except for using 1-s ACE data. ty Statement THEMIS data are available through http://themis.ssl.berkeley.edu/data/themis/ . OMNI data are available through https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ . s.ssl.berkeley.edu/data/themis/ . OMNI data are available through https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =We use 15 years of THEMIS A data for the magnetosheath, and OMNI for the upstream solar wind conditions. Qualitatively, fluctuations are negatively correlated with the IMF cone angle, and po
Sample usage ( BODY ) =r Wind Conditions The solar wind conditions are determined using the OMNI database ( http://omniweb.gsfc . nasa.gov ), which propagates solar wind and IMF conditions at various upstream locat r Wind Conditions The solar wind conditions are determined using the OMNI database ( http://omniweb.gsfc . nasa.gov ), which propagates solar wind and IMF conditions at various upstream locat

Authors=Yan, Li; Liu, Wenlong; Zhang, Dianjun; Wang, Ziyu; Sarris, Theodore E.; Li, Xinlin; Tong, Xin; Kasaba, Yasumasa; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Hori, Tomoaki; Shinohara, Iku;
Title=Latitudinal Distributions and Harmonic Characteristics of Pc3-5 Waves in Electric Field Measured by Arase Satellite, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033998, ID:34938861.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Geomagnetic indices are available at OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Geomagnetic indices are available at OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Lozinski, Alexander R.; Kellerman, Adam C.; Bortnik, Jacob; Horne, Richard B.; Desai, Ravindra T.; Glauert, Sarah A.;
Title=Modeling the Internal Redistribution of Earth’s Proton Radiation Belt by Interplanetary Shocks, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033871, ID:34938920.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =CRRES PROTEL data (Mullen Brautigam, 2021) were retrieved from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/crres/particle_protel/ .

Authors=Liu, Shuo; Yu, Tao; Yan, Xiangxiang; Yu, Yan; Liang, Yu; Huang, Kezhi; Qi, Yifan;
Title=Bipolar Reversal in the Off-Diagonal Ion Pressure Term in Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034185, ID:34939029.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =MMS data used in this paper are available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ . The PIC simulation data (including the input and output) generated in this study have been deposited v

Authors=Ai, Xin-Yu; Ren, Jie; Zong, Qiu-Gang; Hao, Yi-Xin; Feng, Zi-Jian; Xiang, Ting-Yan;
Title=Joint Observations of Plasmapause Surface Waves and Giant Undulations in the Electron Aurora, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033878, ID:34939039.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =DMSP-SSUSI data in the EDR-DISK format are available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/dmsp/ . DMSP-SSJ data are available at https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/dmsp-space-weather-sensors/ac
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Geomagnetic indices were obtained from the OMNIweb database. Ground-based magnetic field data with a time resolution of 1 min are obtained from the SuperMAG database (Gjerloev, 2012). Geomagnetic indices are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The SuperMAG data are available at http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/mag/ .

Authors=Sinha, Shipra; Sibeck, David G.; Fok, Mei-ching; Oliveira, Denny; Sinha, A. K.;
Title=Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033758, ID:34939109.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =THEMIS, WIND, ACE, and OMNI data were obtained from NASA’s Coordinated Data AnalysisWeb (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). SuperMAG ground magnetometer data, including SMU, S NI data were obtained from NASA’s Coordinated Data AnalysisWeb (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). SuperMAG ground magnetometer data, including SMU, SML-LT, and other indices,
Sample usage ( BODY ) = THEMIS, WIND, and ACE missions, as well as OMNI solar wind data, are available from NASA’s CDAWeb repository ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and Data Overview-UCLA. https://themi as OMNI solar wind data, are available from NASA’s CDAWeb repository ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and Data Overview-UCLA. https://themis.igpp.ucla.edu/summary.php? All data sets are openly accessible and licensing for data from CDAWeb and SuperMAG follows the respective repository terms of use.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =THEMIS, WIND, ACE, and OMNI data were obtained from NASA’s Coordinated Data AnalysisWeb (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ilable as follows: Satellite Data : Data from the THEMIS, WIND, and ACE missions, as well as OMNI solar wind data, are available from NASA’s CDAWeb repository ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/

Authors=Zakharenkova, Irina; Cherniak, Iurii; Krankowski, Andrzej; Valladares, Cesar E.; De la Jara Sanchez, Cesar;
Title=On Detection of Super Equatorial Plasma Bubbles in the American Sector During the 10-11 October 2024 Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033709, ID:34939197.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =lability Statement Geophysical parameter data are available through the NASA GSFC Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) and GFZ Potsdam ( htt
Sample usage ( BODY ) =eophysical parameter data are available through the NASA GSFC Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) and GFZ Potsdam ( https://kp.gfz able through the NASA GSFC Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) and GFZ Potsdam ( https://kp.gfz-potsdam.de/en/ ; Matzka et al., 20

Authors=Prasad, Abhinav; Li, Wen; Ma, Qianli; Shen, Xiao-Chen; Artemyev, Anton; Poppe, Andrew R.; Harada, Yuki; Qin, Murong; Angelopoulos, Vassilis; Lin, Mei-Yun;
Title=Global Survey of Whistler-Mode Waves in the Lunar Plasma Environment: Insights From 11 Years of ARTEMIS Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033820, ID:34939200.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =is publicly available at https://artemis.igpp.ucla.edu/ or NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) via Vassilis Angelopoulos, Bonnell, et al., 2023a, 2023b; Vassilis Angelopoulos, Carlson, e
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ment ARTEMIS data is publicly available at https://artemis.igpp.ucla.edu/ or NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) via Vassilis Angelopoulos, Bonnell, et al., 2023a, 2023b; Vassilis Angelop
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The southward magnetic field and dynamic pressure were obtained from NASA OMNI 1-min resolution data from 2010 through 2014 and the magnetosonic Mach number was obtained from Ma et al. ( 202

Authors=Remya, S. N.; Unnikrishnan, K.; Thampi, Smitha V.; Sreekumar, H.;
Title=Ionospheric Responses to Two Consecutive Geomagnetic Storms of the Ascending Phase of the Solar Cycle 25 Over the Indian Sector, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033159, ID:34939219.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =.esa.int/eogateway ) for the data from the Swarm constellation, Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for Interplanetary magnetic field (IMF Bz), symmetric disturbance index (SYM-H), and solar
Sample usage ( BODY ) =h geomagnetic indices such as Sym-H, were sourced from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb data center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ce ( https://earth.esa.int/eogateway ) for the data from the Swarm constellation, Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for Interplanetary magnetic field (IMF Bz), symmetric disturbance index (S
Sample usage ( BODY ) =density, along with geomagnetic indices such as Sym-H, were sourced from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb data center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ow Pressure, Electric Field, Sym-H index and solar wind data can be obtained from the NASA’s OMNI Web Plus website ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/high_res_omni/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =(IMF Bz), symmetric disturbance index (SYM-H), and solar wind speed ( V sw ) data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ), Kyoto University geomagnetic data service for Disturbance Storm-time index
Sample usage ( BODY ) =gnetic indices such as Sym-H, were sourced from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb data center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb data center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Horvath, Ildiko; Lovell, Brian C.;
Title=Multi-Point Satellites Observed Dawnside Subauroral Polarization Streams (SAPS) Developed on a Short Timescale Under Weak-Storm and Non-Storm Substorm Conditions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033755, ID:34939244.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The THEMIS and GOES data sets can be accessed online through https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ . The Kp, AE and SYM-H indices and the IEF E Y and IMF B Y and B Z components ca B Z components can be accessed online from the OMNI database (through https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =lying solar storm and auroral substorm conditions, we used various variables provided by the OMNI database, where the interplanetary measurements are time-shifted to the Nose of the Bow Shoc SYM-H indices and the IEF E Y and IMF B Y and B Z components can be accessed online from the OMNI database (through https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ).

Authors=Xiang, Ting-Yan; Ren, Jie; Zong, Qiu-Gang; Feng, Zi-Jian; Ai, Xin-Yu;
Title=Periodic Density Structures Around the Plasmaspheric Plume Boundary and Their Association With ULF Waves, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034044, ID:34939309.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The WIND data are available from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility website ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/mfi/mfi_h0/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Geomagnetic indices are available from the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and the SuperMAG database ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices/ ). Geomagnetic indices are available from the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) and the SuperMAG database ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices/ ).

Authors=Pandya, Megha; Ebihara, Yusuke; Oliveira, Denny M.; Samara, Marilia; Fok, Mei-Ching; Bhaskar, Ankush; Ferradas, Cristian P.; Tanaka, Takashi; Michell, Robert; Reeves, Geoffrey; Manweiler, Jerry W.;
Title=First Simultaneous Multi-Point Observation of the Local-Time Asymmetry of keV Ions in the Dayside Magnetosphere During the Main Phase of the Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033793, ID:34939331.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =-H indices from the OMNI data set (King Papitashvili, 2005), accessible at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ (King Papitashvili, 2005); and output from the simulation is archived on Z
Sample usage ( BODY ) =m/Data.html (Mitchell et al., 2013); solar wind plasma, IMF data, and SYM-H indices from the OMNI data set (King Papitashvili, 2005), accessible at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ (

Authors=Shklyar, D. R.; Titova, E. E.; Artekha, N. S.;
Title=Generation of UHR Waves as Inferred From Wave and Electron Flux Measurements by Van Allen Probes, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033815, ID:34939362.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The data from Van Allen Probes is available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . Particular data used in this study is from: https://emfisis.physics.uiow

Authors=Owolabi, Oluwafisayo P.; England, Scott L.; Liu, Guiping;
Title=A Long-Term Survey of the Role of Atmospheric Planetary Waves in the Day-to-Day Variability of the Ionosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033160, ID:34939370.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ment The TIMED/SABER data used in this study are publicly available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/timed/saber/ . The GPS TEC data are available at https://cedar.openmadrigal.org/reg
Sample usage ( BODY ) = are not related to atmospheric planetary waves, we use F10.7 and Kp index data from NASA’s OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . waves, we use F10.7 and Kp index data from NASA’s OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . are not related to atmospheric planetary waves, we use F10.7 and Kp index data from NASA’s OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . waves, we use F10.7 and Kp index data from NASA’s OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . F10.7 and Kp index data are accessible from NASA’s OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . F10.7 and Kp index data are accessible from NASA’s OMNIWeb database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .

Authors=Fu, Junxian; Otsuka, Yuichi; Jin, Hidekatsu;
Title=Debye-Scale Electrostatic Waves Across Quasi-Perpendicular Shocks, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033881, ID:35995362.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =on temperature in the solar wind, to calculate c s ${c}{s}$ we use the ion temperature from OMNI for the upstream (blue-shaded) interval T i u ~ 3 ${T}{iu} sim 3$ eV, and the MMS measureme on temperature in the solar wind, to calculate c s ${c}{s}$ we use the ion temperature from OMNI for the upstream (blue-shaded) interval T i u ~ 3 ${T}{iu} sim 3$ eV, and the MMS measureme

Authors=Stoneback, R. A.; Lien, C.-P.; Hsu, C.-T.; Matsuo, T.;
Title=Orthogonal Electrodynamics in Multipole Magnetic Fields, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033911, ID:35995364.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The TIE-GCM data files are available at NASA’s CDAWeb (NASA, 2025) part of the NASA Ionospheric Connections Explorer (ICON) mission (Maute, 2017).

Authors=Chen, Rui; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Zhao, Hong; Chen, Huayue; Wang, Xueyi; Kasahara, Yoshiya; Matsuda, Shoya; Hori, Tomoaki; Tsuchiya, Fuminori; Kumamoto, Atsushi; Shinbori, Atsuki; Kasahara, Satoshi; Yokota, Shoichiro; Keika, Kunihiro; Mitani, Takefumi; Takashima, Takeshi; Matsuoka, Ayako; Teramoto, Mariko; Yamamoto, Kazuhiro; Shinohara, Iku;
Title=Observational Evidence for the Nonlinear Growth of Chorus Waves Caused by Substorm Injected Energetic Electrons, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033931, ID:35995365.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Moreover, the AE index can be obtained in OMNIWeb. Observation Results Figure 1 presents a chorus event during the time interval from 12:30 UT to 13:30 UT on 30 March 2017. The AE index can be obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ; Nose et al., 2015). The AE index can be obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ; Nose et al., 2015).

Authors=Kumar, Sanjay; Moldwin, Mark B.;
Title=Magnetic Field Dynamics in MAAX Satellite’s Circular Polar Orbit: A Magnetic Model Comparison, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033975, ID:35995374.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ar satellite) are accessible via the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ , the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), the SpacePy Python pack
Sample usage ( BODY ) =sed in this study (Polar satellite) are accessible via the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ , the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), t
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ent All the data used in this study (Polar satellite) are accessible via the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ , the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gs
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The magnetic field data from MFE have been supplemented with the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html ), which provides solar wind and interplanetary magnetic ible via the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ , the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), the SpacePy Python package ( https://spacepy.gi
Sample usage ( BODY ) =cs Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ , the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), the SpacePy Python package ( https://spacepy.github.io/index.html ), and the

Authors=Ahmad, Usman; Younas, Waqar; Khan, Majid; Abbasi, M. M.;
Title=Longitudinal Variations in the Ionospheric Disturbances: Insights From the May 2024 Super Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033981, ID:35995379.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tion, turbulence, and electrodynamics of Moon’s interaction with the Sun) satellite via the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Global ionospheric map (GIM) vertical Moon’s interaction with the Sun) satellite via the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Global ionospheric map (GIM) vertical total electron content (vTEC) data is ospheric map (GIM) vertical total electron content (vTEC) data is obtained from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ in UQRG format with a temporal resolution of 15 min (Noll, 2010).

Authors=Xiong, Chao; Huang, Yuyang; Wang, Fengjue; Luhr, Hermann; Zhou, Yunliang; Zhu, Jia;
Title=Responses of the Ionospheric Zonal Currents From Equator to Middle Latitudes During the Intense Geomagnetic Storm on 10-12 May 2024, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033992, ID:35995385.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =velocity, SYM-H and AE data are accessed via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa . gov/form/omni_min.html). The Kp index is provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto ( https:
Sample usage ( BODY ) =IMF Bz, Ey, solar wind velocity, SYM-H and AE data are accessed via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa . gov/form/omni_min.html). Bz, Ey, solar wind velocity, SYM-H and AE data are accessed via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa . gov/form/omni_min.html).

Authors=Sitnov, M. I.; Stephens, G. K.; Artemyev, A. V.; Motoba, T.; Tsyganenko, N. A.;
Title=Global Structure of the Cislunar Magnetotail and Its Evolution During Substorms, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034018, ID:35995392.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =tail, Polar, IMP-8, Cluster, THEMIS, Van Allen Probes, MMS and GOES data obtained via NSSDC CDAWeb online facility, as well as Wind and ACE solar wind/IMF data that went into the production
Sample usage ( BODY ) =including the IMP-8 and Geotail magnetometer data used in the SEA are publicly available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). ARTEMIS data is available at http://themis.ssl. il magnetometer data used in the SEA are publicly available at CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). ARTEMIS data is available at http://themis.ssl.berkeley.edu .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =/IMF data that went into the production of the OMNI data obtained via NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service. This work was funded by NASA Grants 80NSSC20K1271, 80NSSC20K17
Sample usage ( ACK ) =e facility, as well as Wind and ACE solar wind/IMF data that went into the production of the OMNI data obtained via NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data describing the solar wind conditions were taken from the 5-min OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020). All spaceborne magnetometer data, including the IMP-8 and Geotail magnetometer da
Sample usage ( ACK ) =into the production of the OMNI data obtained via NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service. This work was funded by NASA Grants 80NSSC20K1271, 80NSSC20K1787, 80NSSC24K0268 an

Authors=Zhang, Zijin; Artemyev, Anton V.; Angelopoulos, Vassilis; Vasko, Ivan;
Title=Solar Wind Discontinuities in the Outer Heliosphere: Spatial Distribution Between 1 and 5 AU, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034039, ID:35995394.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =t al., 2018), ARTEMIS, Wind, and STEREO, available through NASA’s Planetary Data System and CDAWeb (Re3data.Org, 2012), as well as sunspot data from the World Data Center SILSO (Clette Lefev
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(d)-(g) Solar wind plasma density and speed from Near-Earth (OMNI) and STEREO-A missions. The paper is structured as follows.

Authors=Zhang, Zhiyong; Shen, Chenglong; Chi, Yutian; Mao, Dongwei; Liu, Junyan; Xu, Mengjiao; Zhong, Zhihui; Luo, Jingyu; Wang, Can; Wang, Yuming;
Title=Studying the Evolution of ICMEs in the Heliosphere Through Multipoint Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034094, ID:35995398.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The authors thank the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for providing the magnetic field and plasma data observed b y Statement The authors thank the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for providing the magnetic field and plasma data observed by the MESSENGER,

Authors=Streltsov, Anatoly V.;
Title=On a Propagation of Gendrin-Mode Waves in the Magnetosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034200, ID:35995404.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tes used in this study are available from the NASA Coordinated Data Analysis Web https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The code, data files used to run the code, and results from the simulations sh

Authors=Vergados, Panagiotis; Mannucci, Anthony; Liu, Guiping;
Title=Impact of Solar Activity on Short Period Ionospheric Oscillations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033518, ID:35995580.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e used the 10.7 cm solar radio flux ( F 10.7 ) (Mielich Bremer, 2013; Wintof, 2011) from the OMNI database produced at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center to investigate any covariation with

Authors=Choudhary, Mayur; Kalita, Bitap Raj; Rai, Bibek; Chakrabarty, Dibyendu; Huy, M. Le; Thanh, Dung Nguyen; Wang, K.; Hozumi, K.; Baruah, Abhishek; Ahmed, Nazim Uddin;
Title=Hemispherically and Longitudinally Asymmetric Ionospheric Response to the 23-24 March 2023 Geomagnetic Disturbances at Three Pairs of Conjugate Stations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033520, ID:35995585. Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The author also acknowledges the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics data facility’s OMNIWeb for the IMF B z , solar wind, solar pressure, SYM-H and ASY-D index data. Sample usage ( BODY ) =The modified High-Resolution OMNI (HRO) solar wind magnetic field and plasma data sets (at 1-min resolution), which are time-shifted to the Earth’s bow shock nose, are taken from https://omn Sample usage ( ACK ) =The author also acknowledges the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics data facility’s OMNIWeb for the IMF B z , solar wind, solar pressure, SYM-H and ASY-D index data. Sample usage ( ACK ) =lity’s OMNIWeb for the IMF B z , solar wind, solar pressure, SYM-H and ASY-D index data. The , TIE-GCM and WAM-IPE simulation results have been provided by the Community Coordinated Model

Authors=Ridley, A. J.; Alhothali, A.;
Title=Comparisons Between the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model and HIWIND Measurements, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033521, ID:35995589.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =lanetary magnetic field and solar wind data from OMNIWEB: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . GITM was driven by SuperMAG AU, AL, and AE indices: https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ es: https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ . GITM includes python codes for downloading and processing OMNI and SuperMAG data for ingestion into GITM, and the files are in above described driver files
Sample usage ( BODY ) =GITM was driven by 1 min interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind data from OMNIWEB: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . n by 1 min interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind data from OMNIWEB: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .

Authors=Liu, Shuo; Yu, Tao; Yan, Xiangxiang; Qi, Yifan; Yu, Yan; Huang, Kezhi; Dai, Zukang;
Title=Excitation of Storm-Time Pc5 ULF Waves During the 22 July 2009 Storm: Comparison of GOES, Ground Observations, and GEMSIS Coupled Simulation, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033647, ID:35995616.
Keywords: omni, omniweb Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Solar wind data were obtained from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =a Availability Statement Solar wind data were obtained from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). SYM-H index was provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto (

Authors=Zhou, Yi-Jia; He, Fei; Shi, Quan-Qi; Liu, Jian; Zhang, Xiaoxin; Zhang, Shuai; Degeling, A. W.; Li, Bo; Zhang, Yong-Liang; Liu, Wen-Long; Tian, An-Min; Bai, Shi-Chen; Yuan, Zhi-Gang; Ni, Bin-Bin; Yao, Zhong-Hua; Guo, Rui-Long; Zhang, Qing-He; Wei, Yong; QiuGang, Zong;
Title=Penetration of Plasmapause Surface Waves Into the Plasmaspheric Plume, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033690, ID:35995618.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ity Statement The wave and particle data of VAP-A can be accessed via https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/rbspa/l3/ . The electron density data is obtained from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.g

Authors=Zhou, Xuan; Gao, Xinliang; Lu, Quanming; Hajra, Rajkumar; Ma, Jiuqi;
Title=Response of Electric Field Pulse and Particle Dynamics in Earth’s Magnetosphere to Enhanced Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure With Varied IMF Directions: A Statistical Study, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033701, ID:35995622.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We also acknowledge the entire Van Allen Probes instrument teams and the OMNI database provided by NASA.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =r-Earth solar wind measurements shifted to the Earth’s bowshock nose were obtained from the OMNIWeb database ( http://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/**omni**/ ). r-Earth solar wind measurements shifted to the Earth’s bowshock nose were obtained from the OMNIWeb database ( http://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/**omni**/ ).

Authors=Zhang, Chongle; Tang, Binbin; Li, Wenya; Sang, Longlong; Liu, Huijie; Li, Tongkuai; Ma, Jiuqi; Guo, Wenlong; Lu, San; Lu, Quanming; Wang, Chi;
Title=Effects of Magnetic Shear and Flow Shear on Magnetopause Magnetic Reconnection: Simultaneous Observations From MMS and THEMIS, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033778, ID:35995636.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =THEMIS data and the solar wind data are available at NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Data analysis was performed using the IRFU-MATLAB ind data are available at NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Data analysis was performed using the IRFU-MATLAB analysis package (Y.

Authors=Ajakaiye, Muyiwa P.; Romano, Ben; Reuveni, Yuval;
Title=Imprints of Intense Geomagnetic Storm on Very Low Frequency (VLF) Radio Waves Over the Mediterranean Region, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033796, ID:35995641.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data_orbits.html , and the Kp index was retrieved from ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The average z-component (Bz) component, which determines the energy receiv Kp index can be freely downloaded from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The average z-component (Bz) component can be freely downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tic SYM/H (symmetric H, ring current during the magnetic storm) data were taken from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data_orbits.html , and the Kp index was retrieved from ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.n ng current intensity during the geomagnetic SYM/H data can be freely downloaded from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data_orbits.html . Kp index can be freely downloaded from https://cdaweb.gsfc.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he magnetosphere from the solar wind, was obtained from ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). We obtained the international quiet and disturbed days from ( https://wdc.kugi.k z-component (Bz) component can be freely downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . The international quiet and disturbed days can be freely downloaded from https://
Sample usage ( BODY ) =s the energy received by the magnetosphere from the solar wind, was obtained from ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). We obtained the international quiet and disturbed days The average z-component (Bz) component can be freely downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . The international quiet and disturbed days can be freely downloaded fro

Authors=Chakraborty, S.; Mann, I. R.; Olifer, L.; Black, R.; Allanson, O.; Rae, I. J.; Ozeke, L. G.; Watt, C. E. J.;
Title=Diagnosing the Rapid Loss of Outer Radiation Belt Electrons Due To Strong Chorus-Driven Wave-Particle Interactions Along an Electron Injection Path, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034045, ID:36348814.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In this study, we also use 5-min resolution OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020) to analyze variations in solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices. used in this study are publicly available at the website https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , and also in Papitashvili and King ( 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =d geomagnetic indices data used in this study are publicly available at the website https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , and also in Papitashvili and King ( 2020).

Authors=Motoba, T.; Ebihara, Y.; Ogawa, Y.;
Title=Dayside Shock Aurora at the Beginning of the May 2024 Superstorm: South Pole-THEMIS Spacecraft Conjunction, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034054, ID:36348815.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Wind, MMS, and OMNI data are publicly available via CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). South Pole magnetometer and riometer data are obtained from the portal website ( https: Wind, MMS, and OMNI data are publicly available via CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). South Pole magnetometer and riometer data are obtained from the portal website ( https:/

Authors=Conway, Rachel; Barjatya, Aroh;
Title=Lightning Generated Whistlers: Variability of Event-Based Wave Distributions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034164, ID:36348830.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The EFW B2 data is available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . The EMFISIS burst data is available at https://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/data/index .

Authors=Heelis, R. A.; Huba, J. D.; Chen, Y.-J.;
Title=Variations in Topside Ion Temperature at Different Solar Activity Levels, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034194, ID:36348833.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data used are publicly available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/sami3/ . The principal inputs to the SAMI3 model are the solar flux, the neutral atmosphere and neutral wind re available at the ICON web site at ftp://icon-science.ssl.berkeley.edu/pub and at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For this study, we utilize the version-8 data set publicly available at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility, as well as a specification of the 10.7-cm solar flux obtained from the NASA as well as a specification of the 10.7-cm solar flux obtained from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Data Availability Statement Solar activity data are available via the Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface at http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =of the 10.7-cm solar flux obtained from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . During the ICON mission lifetime from 2019 through 2022, the solar activity c vailability Statement Solar activity data are available via the Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface at http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . data are available via the Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface at http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .

Authors=Wang, Jiye; Liu, Xuan; Dai, Fanzhuo; Jiang, Wence; Wang, Yang; Liu, Andi; Li, Hui; Zhang, Lingqian; Wang, Chi; Wei, Xinhua; Burch, James L.; Baumjohann, Wolfgang; Wang, Tieyan; Zheng, Rui; Qing, Hongxia; Lyu, Chuwei;
Title=Velocity and Magnetic Fluctuations Across Machine Learning Defined Regions of the Magnetotail Plasma Sheet, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034259, ID:36348837.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ability Statement The MMS data sets analyzed during the current study are available in the [CDAWEB] repository, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ The WIND data sets are ava ring the current study are available in the [CDAWEB] repository, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ The WIND data sets are available through the link: https://cdaweb.gsf gov/pub/data/mms/ The WIND data sets are available through the link: https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/WIND/ (accessed on 10 November 2024).

Authors=Chen, Huicong; Zhu, Hui; Zhao, Yingying; Qin, Zhijie; She, Zhenghao;
Title=Hiss Waves Near the South Atlantic Anomaly in the Inner Plasmasphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034266, ID:36348840.
Keywords: cdaweb Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The Van Allen Probe data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ .

Authors=Remya, B.; Halford, A. J.; Noh, S. J.; Fernandes, P. A.; Grison, B.; Wang, D.; Himmelsbach, J.; Esman, T.; Graham, D. B.; Sibeck, D. G.; Raita, T.; Dimri, A. P.;
Title=(Un)Explained EMIC Waves: Understanding Quiet Time EMIC Wave Drivers, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033125, ID:36348843.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =//wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kp/index.html and OMNI solar wind parameters from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ . CARISMA ICM data can be accessed at https://data.carisma.ca/ .

Authors=Meng, Xing; Weng, Libin; Wang, Sicheng; Niu, Jun;
Title=Downward Drifting Band-Like Irregularity in Ionospheric F Region on a Geomagnetic Quiet Day, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033723, ID:36348856.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The C/NOFS data were obtained from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/cnofs/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Navigation Satellite System-Total Electron Content (GNSS-TEC) database and NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility for providing ROTI and C/NOFS data, respectively.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The C/NOFS data were obtained from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/cnofs/ ).

Authors=Wang, Zhiwei; Han, Desheng; Zhou, Su; Teng, Shangchun; Zhang, Jian; Zhang, Qiang; Liu, Jianjun; Chen, Xiangcai;
Title=Impact of Warm Plasma Cloak Ions on EMlC Waves and Detached Auroral Arc, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033736, ID:36348857.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Sym-H index used in this study are extracted from the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) of the OMNI database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ). he Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) of the OMNI database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Van Allen Probes data is available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . DMSP data products can be accessed from https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/dmsp-space-weather-sensors/access/ , a

Authors=Engebretson, Mark J.; Mende, Stephen B.; Weygand, James M.; Kebede, Ethiopia H.; Ochoa, Jesus A.; Tian, Sheng; Steinmetz, Erik S.; Moldwin, Mark B.; Hartinger, Michael D.; Ngwira, Chigomezyo M.; Gjerloev, Jesper W.;
Title=IMAGE Satellite and Ground-Based Magnetometer Observations of Large Geomagnetic Disturbances and Rapid Variations in Ionospheric and Vertical Currents, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033769, ID:36348860.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We then accessed the IMAGE SI data via the NASA CDAWEB database during each event. The majority of GMD events corresponded to no useful FUV images over this region for several reasons: the s nd data from the Far Ultraviolet Imager on the IMAGE spacecraft are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . SECS maps at a 1-min cadence are available at http://vmo.igpp.ucla.edu/data1/S

Authors=Tuminello, Richard M.; England, Scott L.; Meier, R. R.; Huba, J. D.; Sirk, Martin M.; Korpela, Eric J.;
Title=Possible Observations of Plasmaspheric O⁺, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033784, ID:36348861.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =n.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =pace Sciences Laboratory ( https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/ ).

Authors=Thaller, Scott; Ferradas, Cristian P.; Fok, Mei-Ching; Califf, Sam; Tian, Sheng; Ripoll, Jean Francois; Hartley, David; Wygant, John R.;
Title=Van Allen Probes Survey of the Plasmasphere and the Inner Magnetosphere Electric Field, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033810, ID:36348864.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ned through NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service located at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ledge the use of the Kp index from the OMNI data set obtained through NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service located at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge the use of the Kp index from the OMNI data set obtained through NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service located at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) = Kp index from the OMNI data set obtained through NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service located at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Krier, Christopher S.; Liu, Guiping; England, Scott L.;
Title=Seasonal Variability of the DE3 and DE2 Non-Migrating Tides in Middle Thermospheric Temperature and Composition During October 2018-August 2021 as Revealed by GOLD, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033819, ID:36348866.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tp://gold.cs.ucf.edu/search/ ) or NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/gold/level2/ ). Hough Mode Extension tidal amplitudes and phases derived from ICON
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ed from the GOLD Science Data Center ( http://gold.cs.ucf.edu/search/ ) or NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/gold/level2/ ).

Authors=Fang, Xiaohua;
Title=Solar Wind Heavy Ions and Alpha Particles Within Earth’s Magnetosphere and Their Variability With Upstream Conditions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033852, ID:36348871.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he magnetospheric Wind-STICS data is public and can be found on NASA’s CDA Web ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The data and Python scripts used in this study can be downloaded from the Uni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Geomagnetic indexes and upstream parameters were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ors would like to thank the Wind-STICS team and the ACE-SWICS team as well as the Space Physics Data Facility for the OMNIWeb database. JMR and STL were supported by the Wind and ACE missions
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI already takes into account the delay between L1 and the bow shock. OMNI already takes into account the delay between L1 and the bow shock. sub-categorization is based on instantaneous SW parameters data rather than 1-hr averages of OMNI as there is no delayed effect to account for. sub-categorization is based on instantaneous SW parameters data rather than 1-hr averages of OMNI as there is no delayed effect to account for.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =e Wind-STICS team and the ACE-SWICS team as well as the Space Physics Data Facility for the OMNIWeb database. JMR and STL were supported by the Wind and ACE missions (Grant 80NSSC25K7389 and
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Geomagnetic indexes and upstream parameters were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . upstream parameters were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .

Authors=Fu, W. D.; Fu, H. S.; Cao, J. B.; Wang, C.; Han, D.-S.; Yu, Y.; Wang, Z.; Toledo-Redondo, S.; Hwang, K.-J.; Nakamura, R.;
Title=On the Dipolarization Front and Magnetopause: 2. Evidence of Interchange Instability at Magnetopause, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033894, ID:36348874.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind parameters and IMF data were obtained from the OMNI database. The magnetopause crossing event was detected on 19 November 2015, from 12:40 to 14:20 UT, when MMS was near the m Figure 3b presents the 1-min resolution OMNI data of the IMF and solar wind parameters from 12:40 to 14:20 UT. (b) Solar wind conditions from the OMNI database. (c) Illustration of the spacecraft crossing the rippled magnetopause structure.

Authors=Kakoti, Geetashree; Bagiya, Mala S.; Vichare, Geeta; Shiokawa, Kazuo; Shreedevi, P. R.; Nishitani, Nozomu; Otsuka, Yuichi; Shinbori, Atsuki; Nishioka, Michi; Perwitasari, Septi;
Title=Reduction of High Latitude Ionospheric Electron Density by the Impact of Negative Solar Wind Pressure Pulse During the Geomagnetic Storm of 23 March 2023, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033939, ID:36348880.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Used The ACE measured 1-min data from L1-point are extracted from http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_public/ to show the solar wind and magnetospheric conditions during the storm (Figures nd and interplanetary parameters as observed by the ACE spacecraft are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . GOLD SO/N 2 data were obtained from https://gold.cs.ucf.edu/data/search/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =h weak coronal emissions, producing an exceptionally faint full-halo CME. Observations from OMNIWeb data shown in Figures 1a-1j indicate that the z-component of interplanetary magnetic field

Authors=Apatenkov, S. V.; Bryzhakhina, D.; Artemyev, A. V.; He, X.; Mao, A.;
Title=Multi-Spacecraft Observation of a Quasi-Stationary Tail Current Sheet, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033940, ID:36348882.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =luster data obtained from Cluster Science Archive ( https://csa.esac.esa.int/csa-web/ ) and CDAWeb page ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The preliminary data analysis was made usi Science Archive ( https://csa.esac.esa.int/csa-web/ ) and CDAWeb page ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The preliminary data analysis was made using SPEDAS V5.0 software ( https://t
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic indices data are from OMNIweb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Solar wind and geomagnetic indices data are from OMNIweb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Lee, S. H.; Sibeck, D. G.; Weimer, D. R.; Koller, F.; Omidi, N.;
Title=Distributions of Solar Wind Discontinuity Normals for Different Solar Activity and Solar Wind Types, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033945, ID:36348884.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nd and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters across various solar wind types, using OMNI data spanning from 1976 to 2000. Their study examined key parameters such as solar wind spee Koller et al. ( 2022) used OMNI data between January 2008 and December 2020 for the list of CMEs and SIRs/HSSs (High Speed Streams). Koller et al. ( 2022) used OMNI data between January 2008 and December 2020 for the list of CMEs and SIRs/HSSs (High Speed Streams).

Authors=Oyama, S.; Virtanen, I. I.; Tesfaw, H. W.; Raita, T.; Holappa, L.; Miyoshi, Y.; Cai, L.; Vanhamaki, H.; Aikio, A. T.; Ogawa, Y.; Hosokawa, K.;
Title=Geomagnetic Activity Dependence of the Auroral Electron Precipitation Spectrum at High Latitudes, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033441, ID:36810280.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb (or CDAWeb or ftp) service, and OMNI data. The SME data were obtained from the SuperMAG webpage (supermag.jhuapl.e
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb (or CDAWeb or ftp) service, and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F10.7 index was obtained from the OMNI database ( https://doi.org/10.48322/45bb-8792 ). We acknowledge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb (or CDAWeb or ftp) ser the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb (or CDAWeb or ftp) service, and OMNI data. The SME data were obtained from the SuperMAG webpage (supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices and
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb (or CDAWeb or ftp) service, and OMNI data.

Authors=Sur, Dibyendu; Fok, Mei-Ching; Buzulukova, Natalia Y.; Dorelli, John C.;
Title=Performance Evaluation of CIMI Electron Precipitation During Geomagnetic Storms With the Introduction of Multiple Reflections, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033477, ID:36810282.
Keywords: omniweb, sscweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =F Bz, solar wind speed, SYMH, and three-hourly Kp index data are available from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Hourly Dst and three-hourly Kp values are also available from the World Data
Sample usage ( BODY ) =DMSP orbits in geomagnetic coordinates are available from https://sscweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/Locator.cgi . CIMI model code and diffusion coefficients are available from Fok et al. ( 2024).

Authors=Liu, Terry Zixu; Angelopoulos, Vassilis; Dorfman, Seth; Hartinger, Michael D.; Zhang, Kun; Raptis, Savvas; Ma, Donglai;
Title=Statistical Relationship Between Foreshock ULF Wave Power and Ground-Based Pc3-4 Wave Power, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033760, ID:36810284.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We use GMAG stations from several networks obtained from the THEMIS and NASA CDAWeb repositories, including THEMIS (UCLA) GMAG data (Russell et al., 2009) as well as other GMAG networks (e.g G data sets (including station list) are available at NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval1.cgi ). ation list) are available at NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval1.cgi ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =o estimate the distances, but negative distances often appear (even if solar wind speed from OMNI is used to exclude foreshock contamination) indicating large uncertainties compared to reali o estimate the distances, but negative distances often appear (even if solar wind speed from OMNI is used to exclude foreshock contamination) indicating large uncertainties compared to reali

Authors=Xu, Zhaohui; Chen, Gang; Li, Yaxian; Zhao, Haisheng; Xu, Zhengwen; Zhang, Min; Yan, Chunxiao; Jia, Yuanlin; Hu, Pengfei; Gong, Wanlin;
Title=Unexpected Secondary Enhancement of Daytime Scintillations Near Sunrise in Low-Latitude Regions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033794, ID:36810285.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =H and Kp indexes used to illustrate the geomagnetic condition can be freely accessed in the OMNIWeb ( 1963) ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). geomagnetic condition can be freely accessed in the OMNIWeb ( 1963) ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Li, Xiaolei; Wang, Xueyi; Lin, Yu; Wang, Chih-Ping; Wing, Simon; Cucho-Padin, Gonzalo; Chen, Huayue;
Title=Dayside Reconnection and Associated Cusp Structure in Response to Solar Wind Rotational Discontinuity (RD) in ANGIE3D Simulation, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033811, ID:36810286.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The DMSP data are available online at http://sd-www.jhuapl.edu/Aurora/spectrogram/ . NASA OMNIweb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) provides the 1-min resolution solar wind data. nline at http://sd-www.jhuapl.edu/Aurora/spectrogram/ . NASA OMNIweb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) provides the 1-min resolution solar wind data.

Authors=Bergsson, Bjorn; Debchoudhury, Shantanab; Inchin, Pavel; Heale, Christopher; Chakraborty, Shibaji; Zettergren, Matthew;
Title=The Impact of Receiver-Satellite Line-of-Sight Orientation on GNSS TEC Observations of TIDs Induced by GWs From Convective Sources, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033938, ID:36810294.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =rage Dst, Ap, and F10.7 values of 7 nT, 13 nT, and 84.1, respectively (retrieved from NASA OmniWeb, King and Papitashvili ( 2005)), were used as input parameters to these models. rage Dst, Ap, and F10.7 values of 7 nT, 13 nT, and 84.1, respectively (retrieved from NASA OmniWeb, King and Papitashvili ( 2005)), were used as input parameters to these models.

Authors=Becker, Erich; Mrak, Sebastijan; Vadas, Sharon L.; Huba, J. D.;
Title=Thermospheric Gravity Waves and Ionospheric Disturbances Triggered by Mountain Waves Over the Western US in January 2017, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033951, ID:36810295.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(a) Interplanetary Magnetic Field from OMNIWeb. (b)Kp index. (c) SMR index as the proxy for ring current. Solar Wind Data was acquired from OMNIWeb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The Kp Index was acquired from GFZ Potsdam: https://kp.gfz-potsdam.de/en . Solar Wind Data was acquired from OMNIWeb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The Kp Index was acquired from GFZ Potsdam: https://kp.gfz-potsdam.de/en .

Authors=Waters, J. E.; Lamy, L.; Coxon, J.; Jackman, C. M.; Lao, C. J.; Forsyth, C.; Fogg, A. R.;
Title=AKR Observations From All Local Times Indicate Substorm Activity, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033955, ID:36810296.
Keywords: cdaweb, sscweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =IMAGE/WIC quality parameter used for window selection of F04 was accessed from CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). IGRF 14 magnetic field strength measurements, used to estima y parameter used for window selection of F04 was accessed from CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). IGRF 14 magnetic field strength measurements, used to estimate the altitude o
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The Wind ephemeris was accessed from https://sscweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/Locator.cgi . The list of AKR bursts used in this study can be found at https://doi.org/

Authors=Li, Hang; Zhang, Jiaojiao; Wang, Wei; Sun, Longchang; Xu, Jiyao; Deng, Xiang; Lan, Ailan; Yan, Jingye; Nishitani, Nozomu; Wang, Chi;
Title=Medium Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Observed by the SuperDARN Radars Located in the Asian Mid-Latitude, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033978, ID:36810297.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Sym-H index data can be found at the NASA OMNIWeb page ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .) The SME/SMU/SML indices are available from the SuperMag website ( https://superma
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Sym-H index data can be found at the NASA OMNIWeb page ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .) Sym-H index data can be found at the NASA OMNIWeb page ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html .)

Authors=Chen, Shuqin; Ma, Xin; Ni, Binbin; Lou, Yuequn; Xiang, Zheng; Zhu, Qi; Jin, Taifeng;
Title=Dependence of Low-Frequency Plasmaspheric Hiss on Geomagnetic Activity and Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure and Its Electron Scattering Effects, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034019, ID:36810298.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =indices and solar wind dynamic pressure are publicly available at the NASA OMNIWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The numerical results in this study are given by S.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic activity index AE represented by the blue line is obtained from the OMNIWeb. Figures 1b and 1c illustrate the electric and magnetic field power spectral densities measured by agnetic activity indices and solar wind dynamic pressure are publicly available at the NASA OMNIWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The numerical results in this study are given by S.

Authors=Ren, Aojun; Yu, Jiang; Liu, Xiaoman; Wang, Jing; Chen, Zuzheng; Chen, Jiawen; Wei, Dong; Li, Liuyuan; Cui, Jun; Cao, Jinbin;
Title=Global Occurrence Morphology of Higher Band ECH Waves in the Magnetosphere Derived From MMS Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034029, ID:36810299.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =MMS data are available at the website https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Additionally, the solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices from OMNIWeb are used to monitor the upstream conditions and geomagnetic activity and trace the magnetic field line by the T04S Data Availability Statement Solar wind data and geomagnetic indices are from OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). MMS data are available at the website https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.g ty Statement Solar wind data and geomagnetic indices are from OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). MMS data are available at the website https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms

Authors=Peng, Yulu; Zou, Shasha; Wang, Zihan; Wang, Xiantong; Ridley, Aaron; Kwon, Grace; Smirnova, Mary;
Title=Formation Mechanism and Interhemispheric Asymmetry of Storm-Enhanced Density During April 2023 Storm Revealed by GITM, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034034, ID:36810300.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind speed and IMF data are obtained from the NASA GSFC Space Physics Data Facility’s OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/omni_min_data.html ) (Papitasgvili King, 2025).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =solar wind speed and IMF data are obtained from the NASA GSFC Space Physics Data Facility’s OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/omni_min_data.html ) (Papitasgvili King, 2025).

Authors=Chen, Margaret W.; Lemon, Colby; Hecht, James; Khazanov, George V.; Evans, J. Scott; Kaeppler, Stephen; Gabrielse, Christine; Zhang, Shun-Rong;
Title=Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance During Magnetic Storms: Comparison of Simulated and Incoherent Radar Scatter-Inferred Conductance, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034069, ID:36810302.
Keywords: omniweb Sample usage ( ACK ) = five-minute upstream solar wind and IMF data used in this study are obtained from the NASA OMNIWeb Plus at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html . and IMF data used in this study are obtained from the NASA OMNIWeb Plus at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data shown in Figures (a)-(e) were downloaded from the NASA OMNIWeb: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html . The data shown in Figures (a)-(e) were downloaded from the NASA OMNIWeb: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html . s variations of SYM-H, solar wind and IMF data for this event that were obtained from NASA OMNIWeb: omniweb.gsfc.nasa/gov/ow_min.html. The storm’s main phase started at 06:55 UT and nd and IMF data for this event that were obtained from NASA OMNIWeb: omniweb.gsfc.nasa/gov/ow_min.html. The storm’s main phase started at 06:55 UT and unfolded in two distinct steps The data shown in Figures (a)-(e) were downloaded from the NASA OMNIWeb: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html . The data shown in Figures (a)-(e) were downloaded from the NASA OMNIWeb: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html . s variations of SYM-H, solar wind and IMF data for this event that were obtained from NASA OMNIWeb: omniweb.gsfc.nasa/gov/ow_min.html. The storm’s main phase started at 06:55 UT and nd and IMF data for this event that were obtained from NASA OMNIWeb: omniweb.gsfc.nasa/gov/ow_min.html. The storm’s main phase started at 06:55 UT and unfolded in two distinct steps

Authors=Koller, Florian; Wedlund, Cyril Simon; Temmer, Manuela; Svenningsson, Ida; Preisser, Luis; Poppelwerth, Adrian; Simon, Pauline A.; Voros, Zoltan; Chen, Christopher H. K.; Roberts, Owen W.; Plaschke, Ferdinand;
Title=Stability of the Earth’s Dayside Magnetosheath: Effects of Upstream Solar Wind Structures and Downstream Jets, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034098, ID:36810303.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNI data and web services ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/omni_min_data.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We estimate th Bn ${ theta }{ text{Bn}}$ using the OMNI IMF vector and the normal of the modeled bow shock. We estimate th Bn ${ theta }{ text{Bn}}$ using the OMNI IMF vector and the normal of the modeled bow shock. The differentiation partly relies on the OMNI-derived magnetic field propagated values from L1-located solar wind monitors to the bow shock nose. THEMIS and OMNI data were accessed using the SPEDAS software (Angelopoulos et al., 2019).
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =We use THEMIS satellite measurements from 2008-2023 combined with OMNI solar wind data to present the largest, to date, statistical analysis of temperature anisotropy-driven plasma instabili

Authors=Gamayunov, Konstantin V.; Kim, Hyomin; Shin, Youra;
Title=High Latitude EMIC Waves in the Earth’s Inner Magnetosphere: A Global View of the Wave-Induced Source for Heavy Ion Conics and Warm Plasma Cloak, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034105, ID:36810304.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In their statistical study, Gamayunov et al. ( 2020) used the 5-min resolution OMNI data propagated in time from the upstream point of observation to the nose of the Earth’s bow shock, zero

Authors=Chen, Yun-Ju; Heelis, Roderick; Valladares, Cesar; Hairston, Marc;
Title=Plasma Density Enhancements in the Polar Cap Regions in Both Hemispheres Observed by DMSP Satellites, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034133, ID:36810307.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = IMF B z with one-min resolution are used in this study and are available via the Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface and are propagated in time to correspond to the time at the Ear ailability Statement The interplanetary magnetic field data are available via the Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/high_res_omni/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =min resolution are used in this study and are available via the Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface and are propagated in time to correspond to the time at the Earth’s bow shock. nt The interplanetary magnetic field data are available via the Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb interface ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/high_res_omni/ ).

Authors=Lu, ZhiJian; Li, JingJing; Li, Hui; Wu, Jian; Yao, JingFeng; Lyu, XingBao; Yuan, ChengXun; Zhou, ZhongXiang; Wang, Ying;
Title=Global Effects of Magnetic Anomalies on the Near-Surface Lunar Plasma Environment, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034163, ID:36810309.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind parameters from WIND and OMNI-2 were obtained via the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface (Koval Szabo, 2021; Lazarus et al., 2021).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The solar wind parameters from the WIND spacecraft and the OMNI-2 catalog were used as a reference for this study. Lazarus (MIT) for providing WIND data. OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Upstream solar wind parameters were estimated using WIND and OMNI-2 measurements time-shifted to account for the instantaneous distance between the Moon and the Lagrange point L1. Upstream solar wind parameters were estimated using WIND and OMNI-2 measurements time-shifted to account for the instantaneous distance between the Moon and the Lagrange point L1. Upstream solar wind parameters were estimated using WIND and OMNI-2 measurements time-shifted to account for the instantaneous distance between the Moon and the Lagrange point L1. Solar wind parameters from WIND and OMNI-2 were obtained via the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface (Koval Szabo, 2021; Lazarus et al., 2021).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Upstream solar wind parameters were estimated using WIND and OMNI-2 measurements time-shifted to account for the instantaneous distance between the Moon and the Lagrange point L1. Upstream solar wind parameters were estimated using WIND and OMNI-2 measurements time-shifted to ac
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Upstream solar wind parameters were estimated using WIND and OMNI-2 measurements time-shifted to account for the instantaneous distance between the Moon and the Lagrange point L1. Upstream solar wind parameters were estimated using WIND and OMNI-2 measurements time-shifted to ac
Sample usage ( ACK ) =OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind parameters from WIND and OMNI-2 were obtained via the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface (Koval Szabo, 2021; Lazarus et al., 2021).

Authors=Burrell, Angeline G.; Chisham, Gareth; Longden, Nicola; Fritz, Bruce; Zawdie, Kate A.;
Title=Automated Identification of Auroral Luminosity Boundaries Using pyIntensityFeatures, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034230, ID:36810315.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =This data set is available at NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and were obtained for this study through pysatNASA (Klenzing et al., 2024). SUSI data are both publicly available from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and were accessed for this project using pysatNASA (Klenzing et al., 2024).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =This data set is available at NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and were obtained for this study through pysatNASA (Klenzing et al., 2024). ment The TIMED GUVI and DMSP SSUSI data are both publicly available from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and were accessed for this project using pysatNA

Authors=Gasperini, Federico; Liu, Hanli;
Title=Impacts of Resolved Gravity Waves on Global-Scale Wave Variability in the Ionosphere-Thermosphere: Insights From WACCM-X, ICON, and COSMIC-2, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034251, ID:36810316.
Keywords: omniweb Sample usage ( BODY ) =( 2025), the Kp index is obtained from Kp.gfz-potsdam ( 2025), the F10.7 cm radio flux from OMNIWeb ( 2025).

Authors=Wang, Yu; Han, Desheng; Qiu, Huixuan; Milan, S. E.;
Title=The Impact of IMF B_y Variations on the Evolution of Lobe Reconnection Pattern and the Subsequent Development of the Conjugate Transpolar Arcs, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034262, ID:36810317.
Keywords: spdf, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =05) used in this study are publicly available from the OMNI database via ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ). The particle data (Hardy et al., 1984; Rich Hairston, 1994) used in thi
Sample usage ( BODY ) =To contextualize the in situ measurements, 1-min resolution OMNI data (Bargatze et al., 2005) were integrated to obtain IMF components, solar wind conditions, and geomagnetic indices, ensuri To contextualize the in situ measurements, 1-min resolution OMNI data (Bargatze et al., 2005) were integrated to obtain IMF components, solar wind conditions, and geomagnetic indices, ensuri d solar wind data (Bargatze et al., 2005) used in this study are publicly available from the OMNI database via ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ). in this study are publicly available from the OMNI database via ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ).

Authors=Liang, Jun; St-Maurice, J.-P.; Donovan, E.;
Title=Fermi Acceleration of Electrons at Earth’s Bow Shock Due To Current Sheet Interaction, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034314, ID:36810319.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The DSCOVR, ACE, and Wind data were obtained from the NASA CDA Web available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Data analysis was performed using the IRFU-Matlab analysis package available at

Authors=Golan, M.; Gedalin, M.;
Title=Observations of Persistent Downstream Magnetic Oscillations at the Earth Bow Shock, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034321, ID:36810320.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The values of the upstream electron beta were compared with those available from the OMNI database to ensure accuracy. We selectively filtered the shock events to include only those with a M freely available at the Science Data Center https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/ . The OMNI Science Data set is freely available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI Science Data set is freely available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html .

Authors=Zhao, Yingying; Zhu, Hui; Chen, Huicong; Qin, Zhijie; She, Zhenghao;
Title=ULF Wave-Driven Energization of Plasmaspheric Plume Ions During Multi-Step Geomagnetic Storms, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034430, ID:36810323.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The Van Allen Probe data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . The solar wind data and geomagnetic indices are obtained from the CDAWe gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . The solar wind data and geomagnetic indices are obtained from the CDAWeb Center ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ). ata and geomagnetic indices are obtained from the CDAWeb Center ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ ).

Authors=Yang, Fan; Zhou, Xu-Zhi; Jin, Ye; Wu, Ya-Ze; Ren, Jie; Lu, Jianyong; Yue, Chao; Feng, Yong-Yong; Zong, Qiu-Gang;
Title=Trunk-Like Ion Spectral Structures: Manifestation of Azimuthal Ion Dispersion in the Inner Magnetosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034504, ID:36810326.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =YM-H and IMF data from OMNI data set can be retrieved from NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The AE, SYM-H and IMF data from OMNI data set can be retrieved from NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(a, b) RBSP-A observations of omni-directional energy fluxes for He + and O + ions. urning of the southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF, see Figure 6c, obtained from the OMNI data set). The geomagnetic activity, although relatively mild, could be a potential source o The AE, SYM-H and IMF data from OMNI data set can be retrieved from NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) = OMNI data set can be retrieved from NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Liang, Jianyun; Xu, Jiyao; Zhang, Yongliang; Zhang, Shun Rong; Wu, Kun; Yuan, Wei; Zhu, Yajun; Li, Guozhu; Liu, Xiao;
Title=Evolution of the Mid Latitude Red Aurora Over Northern China During the 5 November 2023 Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA032729, ID:37473045.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Bz, flow pressure, and 1-hr Dst and 3-hr ap index data can be downloaded at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The SME can be obtained at https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/mag/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank CEDAR Madrigal and JHU/APL provided the DMSP energy particle data, the OMNI database for offering the interplanetary magnetic field, solar wind dynamic pressure, 1-hr Dst index, and

Authors=Laakso, H.; Pfaff, R.;
Title=Large Amplitude ExB Plasma Drifts in the High Latitude Ionosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034241, ID:37473048.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ility Statement The DE-1 and DE-2 data sets can be accessed online through https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/de/ . The AE and dst indices can be accessed online at https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-

Authors=Toy Edens, Vicki; Raptis, Savvas; Turner, Drew L.; Mo, Wenli; Young, Sean A. Q.;
Title=Automated Bow Shock Identification and Multi Spacecraft Timing Using Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034252, ID:37473051.
Keywords: omni, heliocloud
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We use the ion moments data (omni-directional flux, density, and velocity) from the four FPI ion spectrometers at a temporal resolution of 150 ms (opposed to the survey mode resolution of 4.5 mponent of the mean solar wind velocity from a 10-min window around the bow shock epoch from OMNI high-resolution 1-min cadence data (King Papitashvili, 2005). bow shock models based on Monte Carlo simulations of solar wind conditions from 27 years of OMNI data using the Chapman and Cairns ( 2003) bow shock model from Yeakel et al. ( 2025).
Sample usage ( ACK ) = Laboratory independent RD fund and the MMS Early Career Award 80NSSC25K7353. We utilized HelioCloud platform (Thomas et al., 2022) for part of our computation and thank the HelioCloud</ >HelioCloud platform (Thomas et al., 2022) for part of our computation and thank the HelioCloud team for their support.

Authors=Jia, Chris; Lepri, Susan T.; Zhao, Liang; Raines, Jim M.; Welling, Daniel; Carter, Jennifer A.; Nitti, Simona;
Title=Geoeffectivity of Solar Wind Heavy Ions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034257, ID:37473052.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =rsity ( 2024) ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec3.html ) or NASA ( 2024) ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The ICME event catalog is found at https://izw1.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/DATA/leve

Authors=Jamlongkul, Paparin; Wannawichian, Suwicha; Paxton, Larry J.; Cantrall, Clayton E.; Liu, Han Li; Lu, Gang; Supnithi, Pornchai; Budtho, Jirapoom;
Title=Thermosphere-Ionosphere Responses Over Thailand During the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: Comparison of Observed O/N₂ and VTEC With the SD WACCM X Model Outputs, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033944, ID:37473055.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The SYM/H index data are obtained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) = Statement The SYM/H index data are obtained from NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html ).

Authors=Mooney, M. K.; Milan, S. E.; Bower, G. E.; Kennedy, G.; Wang, X. Y.;
Title=A Statistical Study of the Distant Magnetotail Under Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034308, ID:37473062.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ta used in this study King 2005 provided by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Space Physics Data Facility and publicly available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/ow_data.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We use the upstream IMF observations from the high resolution (1 min) OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005). We set thresholds of IMF B Z >= ${ mathrm{B}}_{Z} ge $ 2 nT for the northward IMF THEMIS/ARTEMIS data is available at https://artemis.igpp.ucla.edu/ . We also acknowledge OMNI data used in this study King 2005 provided by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Space Physic y available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/ow_data.html . Both the THEMIS/ARTEMIS and OMNI datasets are extremely valuable assets to the field of space science and magnetospheric phys
Sample usage ( BODY ) = Goddard Space Flight Center, Space Physics Data Facility and publicly available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/ow_data.html . Both the THEMIS/ARTEMIS and OMNI datasets are extremely v

Authors=Morita, S.; Shiokawa, K.; Otsuka, Y.; Nshitani, N.; Shinbori, A.; Fujimoto, A.; Yoshikawa, A.; Nishioka, M.; Perwitasari, S.; Yamamoto, M.; Sori, T.;
Title=Multiple Event Study of Substorm Electric Field Penetration Into Middle Latitudes Based on Simultaneous Observation of 630 nm Airglow Enhancements at Three Stations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033721, ID:37473063.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The IMF and solar wind were provided by the NASA CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html ) (McComas et al., 2022; Smith Ness, 2022). The IMF and solar wind were provided by the NASA CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html ) (McComas et al., 2022; Smith Ness, 2022).

Authors=Immel, Thomas J.; Oglesby, Lily; Harding, Brian J.; Maute, Astrid; Wu, Yen Jung; Nikoukar, Romina; Triplett, Colin;
Title=Daytime Thermospheric Wind Transients and Circulation in May 2021, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033729, ID:37473064.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nd made permanently publicly available by) the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) Neutral wind data used are version 5 of the MIGHTI 2.2 product.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =.edu/Data ) and archived at (and made permanently publicly available by) the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) Neutral wind data used are version 5 of the MIGHT

Authors=Chu, Xinxin; Tang, Chaoling; Su, Zhenpeng; Chen, Jingrun;
Title=Relativistic Electron Flux Oscillations in the Earth’s Outer Radiation Belt: A Statistical Study, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034359, ID:37473067.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =presented in this study are publicly available and can be downloaded from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . The solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices are from http://c a/rbsp/ . The solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices are from http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors would like to thank NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probe data and the solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors would like to thank NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probe data and the solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic parameters were obtained from Omni Web ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). To more clearly present the oscillations in the electron flux, we performed a detrended c The solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices are from http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic parameters were obtained from Omni Web ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). To more clearly present the oscillations in the electron flux, we performed a detrended ca

Authors=Lipsanen, Veera; Turc, Lucile; Hoilijoki, Sanni; Oliveira, Denny M.; Dahani, Souhail; Tao, Shi; Kalliokoski, Milla; Ojuva, Mirja; Kilpua, Emilia K. J.;
Title=Local Time Dependence of High Latitude Pc5 Wave Activity Driven by Interplanetary Shocks and Foreshock Transients, Using a New ULF Index, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034378, ID:37473069.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data for the solar wind conditions was taken from the 1-min OMNI data at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . SuperMAG magnetic field measurements are provided at https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ .

Authors=Waters, Cara L.; Eastwood, Jonathan P.; Fargette, Nais; Newman, David L.; Goldman, Martin V.; Archer, Martin O.; Lewis, Harry C.; Kelly, Harley M.;
Title=Bridging in Situ Satellite Measurements and Simulations of Magnetic Reconnection Using Recurrent Neural Networks, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034383, ID:37473070.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =MMS data are available at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public and https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ . We use burst mode magnetic field data from FGM on all four spacecraft (Russe

Authors=Wu, Kun; Qian, Liying; Xiao, Fuliang; Liu, Si; Luo, Ji; Cai, Xuguang; Shi, Guochun;
Title=Northern Crest Weakening Induces Large Scale Hemispheric EIA Disappearance in GOLD Observations During a Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034385, ID:37473071.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = and IEF Ey data were obtained from the OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). The COSMIC2 data can be downloaded at https://data.cosmic.ucar.edu/gnss-ro/cosmi
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The IMF, Dst, Kp, AE, and IEF Ey data were obtained from the OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ). IMF, Dst, Kp, AE, and IEF Ey data were obtained from the OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ).

Authors=Sergeev, V. A.; Kubyshkina, M. V.; Kubyshkin, I. V.; Artemyev, A.; Angelopoulos, V.;
Title=Latitudinal Profiles of Nightside Isotropy Boundaries: Comparison of Observations and Predictions of Adaptive Magnetospheric Model, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034428, ID:37473079.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ecraft as well as THEMIS (spacecraft and auroral imager) data are available from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . FORTRAN codes and AM03 model input (spacecraft data, SW data) and output (AM03

Authors=Inchin, P. A.; Heale, C.; Zettergren, M. D.; Bergsson, B.; Debchoudhury, S.; Chakraborty, S.;
Title=Severe Weather Generated Acoustic and Gravity Wave Impacts on the Ionosphere: A Model Guided Case Study, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034012, ID:37473080.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ily Dst, Ap, and F10.7 indices of 7 nT, 13 nT, and 84.1, respectively (retrieved from NASA OmniWeb, King and Papitashvili ( 2005)). These geomagnetic index values were used as inputs for NRL

Authors=Khazanov, George V.; Ma, Qianli; Chu, Mike;
Title=Searching for Universality of Turbulence in the Earth’s Magnetosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034020, ID:37473084.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =boratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP), University of Colorado, Boulder): http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . However, to ensure reproducibility and transparency, the full data sets use

Authors=Hu, Jingle; Ni, Binbin; Liu, Yangxizi; Dong, Junhu; Wang, Jianhang; Guo, Haozhi; Dai, Jiakun; Xiang, Zheng;
Title=Wisp Like Energy Spectrum of Precipitating Electrons Observed by DEMETER Satellite, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034457, ID:37473085.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic indexes are obtained from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .

Authors=Mourenas, Didier; Zhou, Ruoxian; Zhang, Xiao Jia; Artemyev, Anton V.;
Title=Low Plasma Density Estimation Based on Measurements of Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034459, ID:37473086.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The A E $AE$ and D s t $Dst$ indices are available from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ (Papitashvili King, 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The A E $AE$ and D s t $Dst$ indices are available from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ (Papitashvili King, 2020). t $Dst$ indices are available from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ (Papitashvili King, 2020).

Authors=Gasparini, S.; Kepko, L.; Sorathia, K. A.; Michael, A.; Merkin, V. G.; Laundal, K. M.; Norgren, C.;
Title=A New Approach to Data Model Comparisons: Using MAGE and Lompe to Unravel Ionosphere Magnetosphere Electrodynamics, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034033, ID:37473087.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =MNI data can be found at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . IMAGE FUV data can be obtained from N Web interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . IMAGE FUV data can be obtained from NASA’s SPDF https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/image/fuv/ . fc.nasa.gov/ . IMAGE FUV data can be obtained from NASA’s SPDF https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/image/fuv/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data can be found at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =IMF data (e) are not time-shifted from OMNI. Negative MLTs are pre-midnight (dusk) and positive MLTs are after midnight (dawn). For example, MAGE was driven by OMNI solar wind data, which is unlikely to match precisely the UT of when it drove the real magnetosphere. IMF data (e) are not time-shifted from OMNI. Negative MLTs are pre-midnight (dusk) and positive MLTs are after midnight (dawn). For example, MAGE was driven by OMNI solar wind data, which is unlikely to match precisely the UT of when it drove the real magnetosphere.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =a can be found at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Lund, Eric J.; Nowrouzi, Niloufar; Zhao, Kai; Kistler, Lynn M.; Mouikis, Christopher G.; Klecker, Berndt;
Title=Recalibration of Ion Composition Data From Fast Auroral SnapshoT (FAST), 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034038, ID:37473090.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ing the calibration routines and Robert Candey and Tamara Kovalick in importing the data to CDAWeb. This work was funded by NASA (80NSSC19K0363).
Sample usage ( BODY ) = an energy-pitch angle product as well as a full 3D distribution product, are available via CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/fast/teams/l2 ). e procedure for converting the raw spacecraft data to the calibrated data available through CDAWeb is as follows: Apply the in-flight calibration. The new data is available from CDAWeb. Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this study. Data Availability Statement Calibrated data are available via erest relevant to this study. Data Availability Statement Calibrated data are available via CDAWeb, product FAST_TEAMS_PA_L2 (Kistler, 2023).

Authors=Wang, C. Z.; Wang, H.;
Title=Local Time and Hemispheric Asymmetries of Ionospheric Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves During May 2024 Superstorm Periods, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034501, ID:37473091.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =and IMF data as well as geomagnetic activity indices are available at NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) = as geomagnetic activity indices are available at NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The Dst index data are available at the World D dices are available at NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The Dst index data are available at the World Data Center for Geomagnetism

Authors=Milan, S. E.; Mooney, M. K.; Bower, G. E.; Kennedy, G.; Anderson, B. J.; Vines, S. K.; Hairston, M. R.;
Title=Reconnection and Viscous Control of Dayside Field Aligned Currents for Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034547, ID:37473097.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ), and OMNI data. owledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ), and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ), and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(King Papitashvili, 2005) were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =A/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ), and OMNI data. The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The FAC data were binned by solar wind parameters extracted from NASA/GSFC’s OMNI data set. These data are propagated from L1 to the Earth’s bow shock (King Papitashvili, 2005). High resolution (1-min) OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005) were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( BODY ) =, 2005) were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html ).

Authors=Rao, S. S.; Srivastava, Nandita; Chakrabarty, D.; Chakraborty, Monti;
Title=Contrasting Latitudinal/Longitudinal Response of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) Around +- mathbf{75} mathbf{{}(deg}) Longitude Sectors During the 23-24 April 2023 Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034563, ID:37473100.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =d Kp), flow pressure and flow angle data were obtained from the Space Physics Data Facility, SPDF (url: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .) The D ${ Delta }$ H was computed using the H-compone
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ty indices (Ap and Kp), flow pressure and flow angle data were obtained from the Space Physics Data Facility, SPDF (url: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .)
Sample usage ( BODY ) = flow angle data were obtained from the Space Physics Data Facility, SPDF (url: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .) The D ${ Delta }$ H was computed using the H-component of equatorial and off

Authors=Wang, Chih Ping; Wang, Xueyi; Tian, Sheng; Lin, Yu;
Title=Dayside Dispersive Field Aligned Warm Ion Flux Enhancements (DFAWIFEs) Driven by Transient Magnetopause Intrusions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034587, ID:37473102.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Singer at NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center, and CDAWeb for providing GOES data. We thank J. H. King and N. Papatashvilli at AdnetSystems, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and CDAWeb thank J. H. King and N. Papatashvilli at AdnetSystems, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and CDAWeb for providing the OMNI data. We acknowledge Word Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto for pr
Sample usage ( BODY ) =d IMF parameters, and SYM-H index in the ASCII format are available publicly online on NASA CDAWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ). he ASCII format are available publicly online on NASA CDAWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/istp_public/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Papatashvilli at AdnetSystems, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and CDAWeb for providing the OMNI data. We acknowledge Word Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto for providing the SYM-H indice

Authors=Yu, Xiongdong; Yuan, Zhigang; Yao, Fei; Xue, Zuxiang; Deng, Dan;
Title=Ducting Propagation of Whistler Waves Inside Magnetic Peaks: Considering Hot Electron Effects, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034625, ID:37473104.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ailability Statement The Van Allen Probe data are available at the website https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ , and http://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/rbspa/l3/emfisis .

Authors=Ebihara, Yusuke; Tanaka, Takashi;
Title=Cause of Shock Associated Substorm Activity on 24 September 1998: A Global MHD Simulation Study, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034636, ID:37473106.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and IMF data were provided from 1-min resolution OMNI data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). These parameters were imposed at the upstream boundary located at x = 40 R E . red lines indicate the parameters used for Run 1, in which they are provided from the 1-min OMNI data. The blue lines indicate the parameters used for Run 2, in which the parameters remain
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and IMF data were provided from 1-min resolution OMNI data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). These parameters were imposed at the upstream boundary located at x = 40 R E .

Authors=Watt, C. E. J.; Meredith, N. P.; Wong, J.; Murphy, K. R.; Rae, I. J.; Chakraborty, S.; Bentley, S. N.; Allanson, O.; Rodger, C. J.;
Title=Occurrence Rates and Variability of Whistler Mode Waves in the Plasma Trough, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034061, ID:37473108.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic A E $AE$ indices are obtained from the OMNI database (Papitashvili King, 2023). Occurrence Rates of Whistler-Mode Waves Relative to Plasmasphere Behavior Our first presentati bility types of waves on the geomagnetic activity index A E $AE$ (extracted from NASA/GSFC’s OMNI data set through OMNIWeb (Papitashvili King, 2023)). bility types of waves on the geomagnetic activity index A E $AE$ (extracted from NASA/GSFC’s OMNI data set through OMNIWeb (Papitashvili King, 2023)).

Authors=Qi, Zhen; Huang, Luxi; Wang, Xin; Zhao, Fan; Cheng, Langlang; Liu, Qiang; Chen, Yingming; Ren, Xiaoqian; Gao, Yuping; Feng, Ping;
Title=Research on the Impact of Differences in Solar Flare Backgrounds of the Same Class on Low Frequency Time Code Time Service Signal, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033801, ID:37473109.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The SYM-H, Vsw and Psw are provided by the NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility, and the data source can be accessed at: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/high_res_omni/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ded by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, and the data source can be accessed at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The SYM-H, Vsw and Psw are provided by the NASA’s Space Physi

Authors=Chakraborty, S.; Nishitani, N.; Shi, X.; Ponomarenko, P.; Ruohoniemi, J. M.; Baker, J. B. H.; Coster, A. J.; Haggstrom, I.;
Title=Solar Flare Induced Gradient Drift Instability Observed by SuperDARN HF Radars, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033824, ID:37473117.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =IMF, solar wind parameters, and geomagnetic conditions observations were obtained from the OMNI website: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (Papitashvili King, 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =eters, and geomagnetic conditions observations were obtained from the OMNI website: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (Papitashvili King, 2020).

Authors=Manninen, J. T.; Vanhamaki, H.; Aikio, A. T.; Gjerloev, J.;
Title=Statistical Modeling and Prediction of Ionospheric Equivalent Currents Based on SuperMAG Data, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034125, ID:37473120.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc . nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The works of HV and AA are supported by the RCF projects 354521, respectively. The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc . nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc . nasa.gov . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc . nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We averaged the 1 min OMNIWeb solar wind data (Papitashvili King, 2020) over 60 min with 30 min step, such that the timestamp corresponds to the end of each averaging window. We averaged the 1 min OMNIWeb solar wind data (Papitashvili King, 2020) over 60 min with 30 min step, such that the timestamp corresponds to the end of each averaging window. Data Availability Statement The solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field data from OMNIWeb (Papitashvili King, 2020) can be downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def

Authors=Yoneyama, Satoru; Umeno, Ken;
Title=Delayed Ionospheric Response to Solar Activity: Influence of Geomagnetic Activity, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034151, ID:37473125.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ssed from the LISIRD database (LASP, 2025), while the Kp index values are obtained from the Omniweb database (NASA, 2025b). In addition, we used GUVI O / N 2 $O/{N}_{2}$ observations from the Daily Kp indices have been downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html (NASA, 2025b).

Authors=Lyons, Larry R.; Nishimura, Yukitoshi; Liu, Jiang; Yadav, Sneha; Zou, Ying; Bristow, William A.; Donovan, Eric; Nishitani, Nozomu; Shiokawa, Kazuo; Hosokawa, Keisuke;
Title=Strong Substorm Development From Polar Cap Arc Laydown Along the Auroral Poleward Boundary, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034161, ID:37473126.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI IMF measurements ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) are also shown for the time periods of interest. The solar wind and geomagnetic index data are provided by the NASA OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and the ground magnetometer data from the SuperMAG website: https:/supe lar wind and geomagnetic index data are provided by the NASA OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and the ground magnetometer data from the SuperMAG website: https:/supermag.

Authors=Kumar, Sandeep; Miyoshi, Y.; Zheng, Y.; Jordanova, V. K.; Kistler, L. M.; Yamamoto, K.; Hori, T.; Jun, C.; Asamura, K.; Yokota, S.; Kasahara, S.; Kazama, Y.; Wang, S. Y.; Tam, Sunny W. Y.; Chang, T. F.; Wang, B. J.; Mitani, T.; Takashima, T.; Keika, K.; Matsuoka, A.; Imajo, S.; Shinohara, I.;
Title=Comparative Study of Ion and Electron Average Pressure Variation in the Inner Magnetosphere During CIR and ICME Driven Storms Observed by the Arase Satellite, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034182, ID:37473131.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =t L2 v02 data. 1-minute solar wind and interplanetary magnetic data were provided by NASA’s CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). SuperMAG indices used in this study were derive wind and interplanetary magnetic data were provided by NASA’s CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). SuperMAG indices used in this study were derived from ground magnetometer dat

Authors=Wang, Zhuangkai; Xu, Xiang; Zhou, Chen;
Title=The Impact of Geomagnetic Activity on the Height Dependent Ionospheric Delay in Relation to Solar Activity, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034221, ID:37473139.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nd the By and Bz components of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are sourced from the OmniWeb database (NASA, 2025b). We used TIE-GCM (version 2.0) simulations to investigate how geomag Geomagnetic indices have been downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html (NASA, 2025b).

Authors=Gurev, Dmitrii; Kronberg, Elena A.; Runov, Andrei; Shprits, Yuri;
Title=Cross Calibration of Energetic Electron Flux Measurements From the Cluster and THEMIS Missions, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034226, ID:37473142.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =As detailed later, we use the 1-min resolution AE index, taken from the OMNI database, to quantify the difference in geomagnetic conditions experienced by Cluster and THEMIS. As detailed later, we use the 1-min resolution AE index, taken from the OMNI database, to quantify the difference in geomagnetic conditions experienced by Cluster and THEMIS.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The high-resolution AE index was downloaded from NASA’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html ).

Authors=Sabri, Somaiyeh; Mahmoudian, Alireza; Poedts, Stefaan;
Title=Investigation of the May 2024 Solar Storm Through EUHFORIA/Gorgon-Space Simulations and Global SuperDARN Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024JA033554, ID:38110582.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters are obtained through OMNI website: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =he geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters are obtained through OMNI website: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters are obtained through OMNI website: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .

Authors=Veenadhari, B.; Tulasi Ram, S.; Mukherjee, Shyamoli; Shah, Trunali; Bhosale, Nilam; Dimri, A. P.;
Title=The Role of Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure in Determining the Intensity of the Geomagnetic Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034324, ID:38110584.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =v/form/omni_min.html from the OMNI database at the Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =om https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html from the OMNI database at the Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ution (1 minute) and combined 1AU IMF and solar wind parameters are downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html from the OMNI database at the Space Physics Data Facility

Authors=Reeves, Geoffrey D.; Ripoll, Jean-Francois; Blum, Lauren W.; Cully, Christopher M.; Colpitts, Christopher A.; Cosmides, Melanie; Elliot, Sadie S.; Ghaffari, Reihaneh; Greeley, Ashley D.; Horne, Richard B.; Hosokawa, Keisuke; Jaynes, Allison N.; Kasahara, Yoshi; Kasahara, Satoshi; Keika, Kunihiro; Kurita, Satoshi; Malaspina, David M.; Michael, Adam T.; Millan, Robyn M.; Mitani, Takefumi; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Pierrard, Viviane; Turner, Drew L.; Nesse, Hilde N.; Ukhorskiy, Aleksandr Y.; Usanova, Maria E.; Voskresenskaya, Maria; Yokota, Shoichiro;
Title=Multi-Platform Observations of the Radial Penetration of Substorm Injected Electrons and Subsequent Slot-Filling Event, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034329, ID:38110598.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ely fast high speed streams and Alfvenic solar wind fluctuations (shaded in green). 1 Figure OMNI data from 14 February 2018 to 21 February 2018. GO-RIO riometer data is available at https://www.ucalgary.ca/aurora/projects/rio . OMNI data are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Tromso all sky camera data is available at https://www.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/doi/10.34515/DATA_GND-0059-0006-0201_v01.html .

Authors=Ranjan, Alok Kumar; Sunil Krishna, M. V.;
Title=Reply to Comments by A.V. Mikhailov and L. Perrone on the Paper “Evidence of Potential Thermospheric Overcooling During the May 2024 Geomagnetic Superstorm” by Kumar Ranjan et al. (2024), 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034332, ID:38110605.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We also acknowledge the NASA OMNIWeb, and SIIG/ISGI facilities for providing the solar and geomagnetic parameters.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind and geomagnetic parameters are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html (Solar wind, and Geomagnetic conditions, 2025), and https://isgi.unistra.fr/indices_asy.

Authors=Hodnett, R. M.; Milan, S. E.; Nozawa, S.; Raita, T.; Gjerloev, J. W.; Vines, S. K.; Paxton, L. J.;
Title=Omega Bands as a Source of Large dB/dt in the Dawn Sector, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034342, ID:38110609.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and OMNI data. The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = B x ${ mathrm{B}}{x}$ / B y ${ mathrm{B}}{y}$ / B z ${ mathrm{B}}{z}$ (gray/cyan/purple) OMNI data. Panel (h) shows the AU and AL indices. B x ${ mathrm{B}}{x}$ / B y ${ mathrm{B}}{y}$ / B z ${ mathrm{B}}{z}$ (gray/cyan/purple) OMNI data. Panel (h) shows the AU and AL indices.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and OMNI data. The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data.

Authors=Su, Hongyang; Chen, Peng; Liu, Hang; Yao, Yibin; Li, Zufeng; Zhang, Yuchen; Huang, Binyi; Li, Mingdong;
Title=Characterizing Ionospheric Disturbances and Hemispheric Differences Over the Asia-Pacific During the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm Leveraging Multi-Instrumental Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034432, ID:38110626.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Results and Analysis Solar and Geomagnetic Conditions This study utilizes data from the OMNIWeb database, covering the period from May 9 to 12, 2024. Solar and Geomagnetic Conditions This study utilizes data from the OMNIWeb database, covering the period from May 9 to 12, 2024. tends to NASA for supplying information on solar and geomagnetic activity indices ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The MIT TEC data can be accessed via the Madrigal distribute

Authors=Saini, Sunil; Bagiya, Mala S.; Tari, Prathmesh; Maurya, Satish; Kundu, Subrata; Dimri, A. P.;
Title=Seasonal and Local Time Response of Polar Electrojet and Zonal Wind to Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure Jump, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034443, ID:38110632.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =terplanetary magnetic field and magnetic activity index data are from NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =c field and magnetic activity index data are from NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The IMAGE eastward electrojet indicator, IU, is ty index data are from NASA/GSFC’S Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The IMAGE eastward electrojet indicator, IU, is available at https://space

Authors=Allen, R. C.; Toy-Edens, V.; Vines, S. K.; Eriksson, S.; Raines, J. M.; Lepri, S.; Li, G.; Wu, Y.; Russell, A.; Ho, G. C.;
Title=Spatial Variability and Correlation Lengths Within Stream Interaction Regions at 1 au: Comparison Between ACE and Wind, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034468, ID:38110636.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) = Statement The ACE and Wind data sets used in this study are publicly available on the NASA CDAWeb repository ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). ed in this study are publicly available on the NASA CDAWeb repository ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ations as up-stream monitors (e.g., Vokhmyanin et al., 2019; Walsh et al., 2019), as done by OMNI (King Papitashvilli, 2005). While the OMNI data set remains incredibly valuable, fu ., 2019; Walsh et al., 2019), as done by OMNI (King Papitashvilli, 2005). While the OMNI data set remains incredibly valuable, future realizations of upstream conditions would be be

Authors=Lyons, Larry R.; Yadav, Sneha; Kim, Hee-Jeong; Tian, Sheng; Liu, Jiang; Nishimura, Yukitoshi; Zou, Ying; Angelopoulos, Vassilis; Donovan, Eric F.;
Title=Connection of Equatorward-Extending Auroral Streamers and Their Ground Magnetic Depressions to Radiation Belt Injections, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034480, ID:38110641.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Van Allen Probes electron data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . The GOES particle and magnetic field data are provided by the NOAA at https://www.ncei.noaa.g
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ons 2014 November 16 Injection Event From top to bottom, the left side of Figure 1 shows the OMNI interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) y - and z -components, the SuperMAG AL index (SML), the ts. 2014 November 16 Injection Event From top to bottom, the left side of Figure 1 shows the OMNI interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) y - and z -components, the SuperMAG AL index (SML), the
Sample usage ( BODY ) =a Availability Statement The solar wind and geomagnetic index data are provided by the NASA OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and the ground magnetometer data from the Super olar wind and geomagnetic index data are provided by the NASA OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and the ground magnetometer data from the SuperMAG website https://supermag.j

Authors=Shahsavani, Sadaf; Shprits, Yuri Y.; Haas, Bernhard; Bianco, Stefano; Smirnov, Artem;
Title=Plasmaspheric Density Modeling With Multimission Measurements: An Update to the PINE Neural Network Model, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034524, ID:38110651.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb database (King Papitashvili, 2005; NASA SPDF, 2024). The SuperMAG project provided the SME index (Gjerloev, 2012; SuperMAG, 2024), and the
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The SYM-H and F10.7 indices used in this study were obtained from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb database (King Papitashvili, 2005; NASA SPDF, 2024).
Sample usage ( BODY ) = F10.7 indices used in this study were obtained from the NASA Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb database (King Papitashvili, 2005; NASA SPDF, 2024).

Authors=Xu, Xiang; Zhou, Chen; Wang, Zhuangkai; Du, Xiaohui;
Title=Quasi-Thermal Noise Spectroscopy in Magnetized Space Plasma: Analysis of Wind/WAVES Measurements in Earth’s Magnetosphere, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033930, ID:38110682.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data from Wind/MFI is freely available at the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) under the data set name: WI_H0_MFI. d/MFI is freely available at the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) under the data set name: WI_H0_MFI.

Authors=Mo, Wenli; Raptis, Savvas; Toy-Edens, Vicki; Yeakel, Kiley; Turner, Drew L.;
Title=A Comparison of Modeled and Observed Dayside Bow Shock Locations in 8 Years of MMS Data, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033966, ID:38110689.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ock catalog (Merka et al., 2022) can be accessed from NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The list of bow shocks and associated OMNI solar , 2022) can be accessed from NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The list of bow shocks and associated OMNI solar wind parameters produced

Authors=Cribb, V.; Pulkkinen, T. I.; Kepko, L.; Gallardo-Lacourt, B.; Partamies, N.; Vokhmyanin, M.; Apatenkov, S.;
Title=Inner Magnetospheric and Geomagnetic Responses to Solar Wind Driving During Omega Band Events, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA033987, ID:38110693.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) = (Newell Gjerloev, 2011, 2014) and SMR indices (Newell Gjerloev, 2012). We acknowledge NASA CDAWeb for providing access to OMNI data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020) is available through CDAWeb at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html and was accessed on 28 January 2025. OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020) is available through CDAWeb at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html and was accessed on 28 January 2025. ry Operational Environmental Satellites FGM data (Singer et al., 1996) is available through CDAWeb at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html and was accessed on 4 February 2025. l Satellites FGM data (Singer et al., 1996) is available through CDAWeb at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html and was accessed on 4 February 2025.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge NASA CDAWeb for providing access to OMNI data.

Authors=Giannattasio, F.; Mestici, S.; Pignalberi, A.; De Michelis, P.; Tozzi, R.; Alberti, T.; Pezzopane, M.; Coco, I.; Consolini, G.;
Title=Power Density Dissipated by Field-Aligned Currents in the Topside Ionosphere Derived From Swarm-A Observations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034057, ID:38110730.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F10.7 time series was downloaded from the Space Physics Data Facility of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and is shown in Figure 3 (blue solid line) in solar flux unit (sfu), where 1 The F10.7 time series was downloaded from the Space Physics Data Facility of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and is shown in Figure 3 (blue solid line) in solar flux unit (sfu), where 1

Authors=Luo, Zhekai; Xie, Lun; Fu, Suiyan; Pu, Zuyin; Zong, Qiugang; Zhou, Xuzhi; Xiong, Ying; Li, Ruotan;
Title=Drift Resonance as Generation Mechanism for Microinjections: Theory, Case Analysis, and Statistical Validation, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034109, ID:38110747.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = onboard MMS can be obtained from NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ . Erratum The originally published version of this article contained erro

Authors=Zhang, Duan; Wang, Jin; Oksavik, Kjellmar; Zhang, Qing-He; Xing, Zan-Yang; Wang, Xiang-Yu; Lyons, L. R.; Zhang, Jiao-Jiao; Yang, Hui-Gen; Wang, Yong; Ma, Yu-Zhang; Zhao, Bian-Long; Lu, Sheng; Xiu, Zhi-Feng; Zhao, Jia-Chen; Sun, Yan-Ju;
Title=Multi-Instrument Observations of the Relationships Between Polar Cap Patches and Arcs for Changing IMF Bz Orientation, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034186, ID:38110801.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The solar wind and IMF data are available at the NASA CDAWeb site via https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (NASA, 2025). ment The solar wind and IMF data are available at the NASA CDAWeb site via https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (NASA, 2025).

Authors=Wang, Yong; Jayachandran, P. T.; Zhang, Q. -H.; Chen, Yao; Xing, Z. -Y.; Ma, Y. -Z.; Nie, W. F.; Zhao, B. L.; Sun, J. -C.; Zhang, S. -R.; Shepherd, Simon; Koustov, S.;
Title=Morphological Comparison of Standard Scintillation Indices at the Canadian Arctic During a Strong Geomagnetic Storm: A Case Study, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034211, ID:38110813.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and Solar Wind Parameters The OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html ) provides the solar wind and IMF data and geomagnetic indices Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and Solar Wind Parameters The OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html ) provides the solar wind and IMF data and geomagnetic indices

Authors=Meng, Xing; Hartinger, Michael D.; Verkhoglyadova, Olga; Ozturk, Dogacan Su; Shi, Xueling; Bentley, Michael J.; Clarke, Peter J.; Di Matteo, Simone;
Title=Total Electron Content Disturbances Driven by Solar Wind Ultra Low Frequency Oscillations on 3 December 2021, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034215, ID:38110821.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb, vitmo
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The THEMIS solar wind data is downloaded from CDAWeb at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The GNSS RINEX data is obtained from the NASA Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS The THEMIS solar wind data is downloaded from CDAWeb at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The GNSS RINEX data is obtained from the NASA Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS)
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ng International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model field line tracing, available via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ). c Reference Field (IGRF) model field line tracing, available via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ). ng International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model field line tracing, available via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ). c Reference Field (IGRF) model field line tracing, available via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Field (IGRF) model field line tracing, available via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ). For each selected station, we collect the RINEX data with a temporal resolution Field (IGRF) model field line tracing, available via OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html ). For each selected station, we collect the RINEX data with a temporal resolution

Authors=Upadhyay, Aditi; Gkioulidou, Matina; Ohtani, Shin-ichi; Cohen, Ian J.;
Title=Statistical Analysis of Storm-Time O⁺ Outflows as Observed by the Van Allen Probes, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034255, ID:38110854.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ability Statement We acknowledge the use of RBSP-ECT Science Data Portal and NASA Space Physics Data Facility for obtaining HOPE Level 3 pitch-angle resolved data products (available from lin

Authors=Feinland, M. A.; Blum, L. W.;
Title=Lightning-Induced Precipitation as a Proxy for Inner Belt MeV Electron Decay Times, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034258, ID:38110860.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data and are publicly available from the NASA Goddard Space Physics Data Facility (Papitashvili King, 2020). The LIS/OTD data are publicly available from NASA’s Earthdata database (C
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The monthly averaged sunspot number (from the OMNI data set; Papitashvili King, 2020) is shown in yellow as a measure of solar activity. 5 Figure (a) Distribution of microburst events in tim The monthly averaged sunspot number (from the OMNI data set; Papitashvili King, 2020) is shown in yellow as a measure of solar activity. 5 Figure (a) Distribution of microburst events in tim le from the SAMPEX data center at https://izw1.caltech.edu/sampex/DataCenter/data.html . The OMNI data and are publicly available from the NASA Goddard Space Physics Data Facility (Papitashv

Authors=Salinas, Hector A.; Di Matteo, Simone; Viall, Nicholeen M.; Kepko, Larry; Wilder, Victoria D.;
Title=An Open-Source Python Version of Power Spectral Density Periodicity Detection and Background Estimation Using the Adaptive Multitaper Method, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034006, ID:38351530.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( ACK ) = the Space Physics Data Facility at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ). NMV was supported by the Competent Heliophysics Internal Scientist Fund
Sample usage ( ACK ) =MMS data is also publicly accessible at the Space Physics Data Facility at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ ).

Authors=Breneman, A. W.; Collinson, G.; Pfaff, R.; Glocer, A.; Boardsen, S.; Barjatya, A.; Conway, R.; Clemmons, J.;
Title=Novel Ion Bernstein Waves Observed in the Polar Cap on the Endurance Sounding Rocket, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034218, ID:38351562.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility Sample usage ( BODY ) =lity https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data_orbits.html through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) tool https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ by selecting “Sounding Rockets” from the data ata_orbits.html through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) tool https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ by selecting “Sounding Rockets” from the data sources.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e data presented in this article are available at NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data_orbits.html through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) tool https
Sample usage ( BODY ) =meris data and all science data presented in this article are available at NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/data_orbits.html through the Coordinated Data Analysis

Authors=Cui, Bo; Fu, Suiyan; Pu, Zuyin; Xie, Lun; Guo, Ruilong; Zhou, Xuzhi; Xiao, Chijie;
Title=3D Reconstruction of Magnetotail Reconnection Configuration: Evidence for Quasi-Separator Model, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034280, ID:38351572.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ata Availability Statement The MMS data used in this work are available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/mms/ .

Authors=Ye, Mingzhu; Fan, Yuxuan; Niu, Mengtao; Sun, Wenjie; Wang, Yong; Xu, Tianhe; Nie, Wenfeng;
Title=Multi-Source Observations of North American Mid-Latitude Ionospheric Disturbances During the May 2024 Superstorm: Impacts on RTK Positioning, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034339, ID:38351587.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nd pressure, the IMF component (Bx, By, and Bz) and Kp index data are obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ssure, the IMF component (Bx, By, and Bz) and Kp index data are obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005). Bz) and Kp index data are obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (King Papitashvili, 2005).

Authors=Tsyganenko, N. A.; Gubaidulin, N. T.; Semenov, V. S.; Erkaev, N. V.;
Title=Magnetosheath Proton Density and Temperature as Derived From Data-Constrained Modeling, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034343, ID:38351590.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =particular, Cluster and MMS plasma/magnetometer/ephemeris data were obtained from the NSSDC CDAWEB online facility, originally made available by the PIs: H.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =netometer and plasma instrument original data for this study were downloaded from the NSSDC CDAWEB interface at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/index.html . nal data for this study were downloaded from the NSSDC CDAWEB interface at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/index.html . ownloaded from the NSSDC CDAWEB interface at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdaweb/index.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =High-resolution OMNI interplanetary data were obtained from the SPDF OMNIWEB interface (R. McGuire, N. Papitashvili).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =One-minute resolution OMNI data were obtained from SPDF OMNIWEB at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . All the training and validation data sets used to construct the above described models, bas
Sample usage ( ACK ) =McFadden are acknowledged for the use of THEMIS FGM and ESA data. High-resolution OMNI interplanetary data were obtained from the SPDF OMNIWEB interface (R.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ues of the solar wind proton density, speed, thermal energy, and the IMF components from the OMNI definitive database (Papitashvili King, 2020). One-minute resolution OMNI data were obtained from SPDF OMNIWEB at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =High-resolution OMNI interplanetary data were obtained from the SPDF OMNIWEB interface (R. McGuire, N. Papitashvili). Special thanks are due to Arcadi Usmanov who noticed and informed us on a
Sample usage ( BODY ) =One-minute resolution OMNI data were obtained from SPDF OMNIWEB at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . All the training and validation data sets used to construct the above described mod One-minute resolution OMNI data were obtained from SPDF OMNIWEB at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . All the training and validation data sets used to construct the above described mod

Authors=Nakano, Shin’ya; Kataoka, Ryuho; Nose, Masahito;
Title=Climatology of Pi2 Pulsations Deduced From the Wp Index, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034345, ID:38351592.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =elationship with high-speed streams, Figure 3 shows a histogram of solar wind speed from the OMNI 5-min data (King Papitashvili, 2025) for each month from 2005 to 2018. We employ the ESN-based model trained using a time series of Pi2 events and the OMNI solar wind data for 10 years from 2005 to 2014. ce rate in each bin was obtained by averaging the output of the ESN-based model fed with the OMNI solar wind data and actual H $H$ and D $D$ values for 14 years from 2005 to 2018. in each bin was obtained by averaging the output of the ESN-based model fed with the actual OMNI solar wind data for 14 years from 2005 to 2018.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI solar wind data were acquired from the OMNIWeb of NASA/GSFC ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The OMNI solar wind data were acquired from the OMNIWeb of NASA/GSFC ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Laitinen, J.; Holappa, L.; Vanhamaki, H.; Milan, S. E.;
Title=Timescales of Asymmetries in Magnetospheric Dynamics Induced by the IMF By Component, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034401, ID:38351600.
Keywords: omni, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data and Methods Event Selection We use the 1 hr average of the solar wind data from the OMNI database and calculate the IMF clock angle th = a r c t a n B y / B z $ theta = mathrm{a} mathrm{ Event Selection We use the 1 hr average of the solar wind data from the OMNI database and calculate the IMF clock angle th = a r c t a n B y / B z $ theta = mathrm{a} mathrm{r} mathrm{c} math
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The solar wind data was downloaded from the OMNI2 database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The solar wind data was downloaded from the OMNI2 database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Availability Statement The solar wind data was downloaded from the OMNI2 database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The S M L L T $SM{L}_{LT}$ indices can be downloaded from th

Authors=Ohtani, S.; Raptis, S.; Devanandan, A. P.; Motoba, T.; Zou, Y.; Gjerloev, J. W.; Merkin, V. G.;
Title=Stormtime Magnetospheric Processes Associated With the Dawnside Current Wedge, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034418, ID:38351605.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The P dyn and IMF data were taken from the OMNI database, for which the original measurements made by the ACE satellite near the L1 point were propagated to the subsolar bow shock. The P dyn and IMF data were taken from the OMNI database, for which the original measurements made by the ACE satellite near the L1 point were propagated to the subsolar bow shock. individual stations are available at the SuperMAG site ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ ). The OMNI data are available at the NASA OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). rMAG site ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ ). The OMNI data are available at the NASA OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data are available at the NASA OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Magnetometer data from GOES-16, -17, and -18 are available at https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite

Authors=Milan, S. E.; Mooney, M. K.; Bower, G. E.; Kennedy, G.; Wang, X.-Y.; Hubert, B.; Hairston, M. R.; Paxton, L. J.;
Title=Are Cusp-Aligned Arcs the Equivalent of Auroral Streamers in a Closed Magnetosphere?, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034434, ID:38351612.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). owledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service (at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(King Papitashvili, 2005) were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The high resolution (1-min) OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005) were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa
Sample usage ( BODY ) =, 2005) were obtained from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/om_filt_min.html ).

Authors=Yuan, An; Tang, Rongxin; Li, Haimeng; Feng, Bopu; Ouyang, Zhihai; Xiong, Ying; Deng, Xiaohua;
Title=Influence of Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure on Hiss Waves: Based on Satellite Observations and Ray Tracing Simulations, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034449, ID:38351616.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors thank the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probes data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ), the THEMIS data ( https://spdf.gs cs Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probes data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ), the THEMIS data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ), the THEMIS data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ ), and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ em>https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ ), and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =en Probes data used for this study are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ , the THEMIS data are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf data/rbsp/ , the THEMIS data are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites: https://s a/themis/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors thank the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) for providing the Van Allen Probes data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ ), the THEMIS data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pu
Sample usage ( ACK ) =v/pub/data/rbsp/ ), the THEMIS data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ ), and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ). ttps://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ ), and the OMNI data ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Both the solar wind and geomagnetic parameters AE indices were obtained from the OMNI data set. To minimize the influence of substorm injections, only data with AE* 150 nT were selected for re publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/themis/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/</ emis/ , and the OMNI data are publicly available at the websites: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ .

Authors=Martinez, B. C.; Lu, Xian;
Title=Tidally Driven Wavenumber-3 and -4 Structures in the Ionosphere-Thermosphere Observed by ICON and Comparison of Their Coupling Mechanisms, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034470, ID:38351619.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement ICON data can be retrieved from the Space Physics Data Facility (Harding et al., 2023; Heelis, 2023; Stephan, 2023).

Authors=Forbes, Jeffrey M.; Zhang, Xiaoli; Maute, Astrid; Cullens, Chihoko;
Title=Ionosphere-Thermosphere Variability Due To Tidal Forcing From Below Versus Solar and Magnetospheric Forcing From Above, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034473, ID:38351624.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ons Level 4 V01 and related documentation are available from Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) ( 2023). The Kp (Matzka et al., 2021) and F10.7 (Tapping, 2013) data files are available f

Authors=Redden, Mark; Lamarche, Leslie; Zettergren, Matthew;
Title=Ionospheric Electrodynamics Modeling Based on the ICON Satellite Under Quiet-Time Condition, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034489, ID:38351629.
Keywords: space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic index and solar activity index can be downloaded from the Space Physics Data Facility website ( https://stereo-ssc.nascom.nasa.gov/ ).

Authors=Liu, J.; Rankin, R.; Degeling, A. W.; Fenrich, F.;
Title=Analytical Model of a Toroidal Mode Field Line Resonance and Its Drift-Resonant Interaction With Energetic Electrons, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034496, ID:38351631.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =wledge the availability of MMS and OMNI data provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF). We thank the SPEDAS team for their open-source data analysis tools (Angelopoulos et al., 20
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he MMS and OMNI data used in this study were provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF), available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ . provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF), available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ledgments We acknowledge the availability of MMS and OMNI data provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF). We thank the SPEDAS team for their open-source data analysis tools (Angel
Sample usage ( BODY ) =bility Statement The MMS and OMNI data used in this study were provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF), available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments We acknowledge the availability of MMS and OMNI data provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF).

Authors=Chang, Hyeyeon; Morton, Y. Jade; Brandmeyer, Jonathan; Themens, David R.;
Title=Analysis of Ionospheric Response to the May 2024 Geomagnetic Superstorm Using Commercial Radio Occultation Satellites and Ground-Based Instruments, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034517, ID:38351632.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The geomagnetic indices can be downloaded OMNIWeb from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min_def.html .

Authors=Zhang, W.; Nishimura, Y.; Chen, Y.; Cassak, P. A.; Poh, G.; Nishitani, N.;
Title=Evolution of the Magnetopause X-Line Extent and Dayside Convection During IMF Southward Turning, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034528, ID:38351634.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/**omni**/high_res_omni/ (NASA Space Physics Data Facility, 2025). The processed SuperDARN LOS velocity and SECS outputs are archived at Zen
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The real event simulation is driven by OMNI solar wind data. The simulation starts about 30 min (2048 UT) before the IMF southward turning (2118 UT). The FWHM flow boundaries, marked by magenta lines, are located at 10 and 13.5 MLT. 2 Figure OMNI data and SuperDARN observations for the 21 October 2018 event. The aggregated data from OMNI are collected at the L1 region and propagated to the bow shock, which can introduce timing uncertainty. The aggregated data from OMNI are collected at the L1 region and propagated to the bow shock, which can introduce timing uncertainty.

Authors=Yang, Ling; Li, Liuyuan; Yu, Jiang;
Title=Dual Influences of Two-Band Hiss Waves on High-Energy Electrons in the Inner Radiation Belt, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034530, ID:38351637.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The AE index comes from the OMNI database in CDAWeb, and P E and P B are measured by the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) on board Van Allen Probe The AE data are publicly available at the CDAWeb https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The NRLMSIS-02 atmospheric model is publicly available on the Web https://kauai.ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/in The AE data are publicly available at the CDAWeb https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The NRLMSIS-02 atmospheric model is publicly available on the Web https://kauai.ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/in
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The AE index comes from the OMNI database in CDAWeb, and P E and P B are measured by the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) on board Van Allen Prob

Authors=Capannolo, L.; Chen, Y.; Li, W.; Sivadas, N.; Blum, L.; Freund, D.; Vidal-Luengo, S.; Staff, A.; Shen, X.; Qin, M.; Ma, Q.; Gan, L.;
Title=Statistical Properties of Solar Wind Parameters Driving Relativistic Electron Precipitation, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034548, ID:38351639.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar Wind Data SW data are provided in the OMNI data set (Papitashvili King, 2020). We use the new high-resolution OMNI (HRO2) data at 1-min resolution. ided in the OMNI data set (Papitashvili King, 2020). We use the new high-resolution OMNI (HRO2) data at 1-min resolution. We also limited the number of consecutive data gaps in OMNI data to 5 min and linearly interpolated shorter data gaps. Solar Wind Data SW data are provided in the OMNI data set (Papitashvili King, 2020). We use the new high-resolution OMNI (HRO2) data at 1-min resolution. ided in the OMNI data set (Papitashvili King, 2020). We use the new high-resolution OMNI (HRO2) data at 1-min resolution. We also limited the number of consecutive data gaps in OMNI data to 5 min and linearly interpolated shorter data gaps.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =SW associated with ~7,000 REP events likely driven by wave-particle interactions. We analyze OMNI data to quantify the SW properties prior to REP and reveal temporal patterns that are favora

Authors=Gao, Shunzu; Xiong, Chao; Jiang, Qihui; Pignalberi, Alessio; Zhan, Weijia; Zheng, Yuhao;
Title=The Retrieving of Ionospheric Upper Transition Height Over Low Latitude From C/NOFS Ion Composition Measurements, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034552, ID:38351641. Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The F10.7 index data are available at the Space Physics Data Facility at Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Sample usage ( BODY ) =e available at the Space Physics Data Facility at Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Fortran code is available at the website ( http://irimodel.org/ ). Sample usage ( BODY ) =The model was run for specific representative dates (e.g., 21 December 2009, for winter in 2009). re, measured UTH during this period can be utilized to validate the accuracy of retrieved and -modeled UTH. The discrepancy was calculated as the difference between retrieved and measured discrepancy was calculated as the difference between retrieved and measured UTH, and between -modeled and measured UTH for each magnetic latitude versus local time bin. The model was run for specific representative dates (e.g., 21 December 2009, for winter in 2009). pace Physics Data Facility at Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Fortran code is available at the website ( http://irimodel.org/ ). ight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Fortran code is available at the website ( http://irimodel.org/ ).

Authors=Kumar, Sanjay; Moldwin, Mark B.; Weygand, James M.; Engebretson, M. J.;
Title=Investigating Geomagnetic Disturbances in the Expansion Phase of Strong Substorms, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034553, ID:38351643.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =All the space data can be accessed through both the respective mission websites and the CDAWeb database https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ provided by NASA. ed through both the respective mission websites and the CDAWeb database https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ provided by NASA. s study (THEMIS, GOES-13) are accessible via the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data and the SuperMAG website ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices/ ) an
Sample usage ( BODY ) =sed in this study (THEMIS, GOES-13) are accessible via the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data and the SuperMAG website ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ind
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ent All the data used in this study (THEMIS, GOES-13) are accessible via the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) at cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data and the SuperMAG website ( https://superm

Authors=Astafyeva, E.; Maletckii, B.; Ouar, I. D.; Forster, M.; Themens, D. R.; Huba, J. D.; Hairston, M. R.; Coley, W. R.; Fok, M.-C. H.;
Title=An Extraordinary Dayside Negative Ionospheric Storm of 11 May 2024 and Total Electron Content (TEC) Vortices, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034571, ID:38351647.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =bility Statement In this work, we used SYM-H and IEF Ey data from the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service (OMNIWEB, 2024), VTEC data, and data of MAA , PUIR and JICA mag
Sample usage ( BODY ) =this work, we used SYM-H and IEF Ey data from the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service (OMNIWEB, 2024), VTEC data, and data of MAA , PUIR and JICA magnetometers nd IEF Ey data from the NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service (OMNIWEB, 2024), VTEC data, and data of MAA , PUIR and JICA magnetometers (Astafyeva Maletckii, 2025

Authors=Zhou, Chuyue; Fang, Hanxian; Xiao, Chao; Duan, Die; Huang, Hongtao; Ren, Ganming; Lin, Yang; Li, Chenghao; Shen, Xuhui;
Title=Solar Cycle Modulation of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Crest Timing: Hemispheric Asymmetry and Electric Field Dominance, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034588, ID:38351650.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments We acknowledge the use of GIM TEC data, NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and ICON satellite data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =apitashvili King, 2020), and ICON/MIGHTI satellite data can be retrieved from the Space Physics Data Facility (Harding et al., 2023a, 2023b).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ledgments We acknowledge the use of GIM TEC data, NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and ICON satellite data. The authors would like to thank professor Zhou Yunliang of
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The magnetic index Kp and solar flux F10.7 were retrieved from NASA OMNIWeb (Papitashvili King, 2020), and ICON/MIGHTI satellite data can be retrieved from the Space Physics Data Facility (Ha

Authors=Trattner, K. J.; Petrinec, S. M.; Fuselier, S. A.; Michotte de Welle, B.; Lavraud, B.; Aunai, N.; Ergun, R.; Burch, J. L.;
Title=The Motion of the Primary Dayside Reconnection X-Line, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034645, ID:38351661.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Contextual measurements are available at CDAWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_public/ ). Contextual measurements are available at CDAWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_public/ ). The solar wind data are available at CDAWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_public/ ). The solar wind data are available at CDAWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_public/ ).

Authors=Zhang, Zhao; Liu, Wenlong; Zhang, Dianjun;
Title=Statistical Study of Convection Electric Field in the Inner Magnetosphere Responding to the Southward Turnings of Interplanetary Magnetic Field, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034663, ID:38351663.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) = Statement The Van Allen Probes and OMNI data used in this study can be downloaded from the CDAWeb interface provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov m the CDAWeb interface provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =used in this study can be downloaded from the CDAWeb interface provided by NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =ld data from the Van Allen Probes (September 2012-July 2019) and IMF data from the NASA/GSFC OMNI database. In total, events of the southward turning of the IMF are analyzed.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic indices can be downloaded from the OMNI database ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).

Authors=Han, H.; Lai, H. R.; Jia, Y.-D.; Russell, C. T.; Connors, M.; Toth, G.; Cui, J.;
Title=Prolonged Magnetopause Recovery From the Impact of a Strong Stream Interaction Region, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034695, ID:38351666.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors express their gratitude to the NASA Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb for data from the Wind, THEMIS, GOES and MMS missions.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = here: Data from Wind, THEMIS and MMS are available on the NASA Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html ). MIS and MMS are available on the NASA Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html ). The GOSE data and Cluster data can be found at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/goes and https://csa.esac.esa.int/csa-web/ , respectively.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors express their gratitude to the NASA Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb for data from the Wind, THEMIS, GOES and MMS missions.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = data can be found here: Data from Wind, THEMIS and MMS are available on the NASA Space Physics Data Facility CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html ).

Authors=Pandya, Megha; Le, Guan; Ma, Qianli; Ebihara, Yusuke; Laakso, Harri; Boardsen, Scott A.; Lee, Sang-Yun; Porter, Lucille C.; Breneman, Aaron; Kang, Suk-Bin; Fok, Mei-Ching; Reeves, Geoffrey; Manweiler, Jerry W.; Kessel, Ramona; Michell, Robert; Samara, Marilia;
Title=Local-Time Asymmetries in Particle Pitch Angle Distributions and Waves During the September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm: MMS-RBSP Conjunction, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034818, ID:38351669.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) = plasma, IMF data, and SYM-H indices from the OMNI data set, accessible at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ (King Papitashvili, 2005).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Results Solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) data are obtained from the OMNI data set, with their time values shifted from the spacecraft’s upstream observation location m/Data.html (Mitchell et al., 2013); solar wind plasma, IMF data, and SYM-H indices from the OMNI data set, accessible at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ (King Papitashvili, 2005).

Authors=Kuai, Jiawei; Zhang, Xiaohan; Zhong, Jiahao; Liu, Libo; Huang, Fuqing; Yue, Xinan; Zhang, Yedan; Sun, Hao; Wan, Xin;
Title=Prominent Ionospheric Responses Throughout the Multiple Different Altitudes From Bottomside to Topside Ionosphere in the Asian-Australian Sector During the May 2024 Mother’s Day Storm, 2025, doi:10.1029/2025JA034867, ID:38351671.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The SYM-H data were obtained from OMNIWeb http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . ESA Earth Online service ( https://swarm-diss.eo.esa.int/ ) for the Swarm data. Data Availability Statement The SYM-H data were obtained from OMNIWeb http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . ESA Earth Online service ( https://swarm-diss.eo.esa.int/ ) for the Swarm data.