Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official government
organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A
lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to
the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official,
secure websites.
Report generated on 04/06/2026 12:31:30
cdaweb was referenced in 16 papers
spdf was referenced in 20 papers
space physics data facility was referenced in 17 papers
omni was referenced in 37 papers
omni2 was referenced in 3 papers
omni-2 was referenced in 3 papers
omniweb was referenced in 78 papers
ftpbrowser was referenced in 0 papers
helioweb was referenced in 0 papers
atmoweb was referenced in 0 papers
modelweb was referenced in 0 papers
sscweb was referenced in 0 papers
cohoweb was referenced in 0 papers
gifwalk was referenced in 0 papers
gif_walk was referenced in 0 papers
tipsod was referenced in 0 papers
hdp was referenced in 1 papers
heliophysics data portal was referenced in 0 papers
vitmo was referenced in 1 papers
hdrl was referenced in 0 papers
heliophysics digital resource library was referenced in 0 papers
heliocloud was referenced in 0 papers
96 of 963 possible papers ( 10% ) contained references to SPDF keywords
Authors=Ugwu, Chukwuebuka J.; Alhassan, Jibrin A.; Okike, Ogbonnaya; Menteso, Firew M.; Ugwu, Ngozi M.; Chukwude, Augustine E.; Iyida, Evaristus U.; Eya, Innocent O.; Ugwoke, Romanus E.; Obiegbuna, Dominic C.; Odo, Finbar C.; Orji, Orji P.;
Title=Effect of solar wind disturbances on small-amplitude simultaneous Forbush events during solar cycle 23, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.09.011, ID:32505740.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =, disturbance storm time index (Dst), and planetary A-index (Ap) data were obtained from the OMNI database 2 2 http://omniweb.gsfc.snasa.gov/ow.html ( Papitashvili and King, 2020 ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =This paper makes use of the following websites: http://cr0.izmiran.rssi.ru/ and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/owdata.html in sourcing our data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ndex (Dst), and planetary A-index (Ap) data were obtained from the OMNI database 2 2 http://omniweb.gsfc.snasa.gov/ow.html ( Papitashvili and King, 2020 ). This paper makes use of the following websites: http://cr0.izmiran.rssi.ru/ and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/owdata.html in sourcing our data.
Authors=Ghag, Kalpesh; Raghav, Anil; Shaikh, Zubair; Nicolaou, Georgios; Dhamane, Omkar; Shah, Mohit; Panchal, Utsav; Tari, Prathmesh; Kumbhar, Kishor;
Title=Distinct polytropic behavior of plasma during ICME-HSS interaction, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.09.073, ID:32505743.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys CDAWeb service. The data in this analysis is taken from WIND and STEREO-A spacecrafts. The data is publicly ava light Center (GSFC) https://wind.nasa.gov/data.php , and (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ . sa.gov/data.php , and (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Acknowledgements We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys CDAWeb service. The data in this analysis is taken from WIND and STEREO-A spacecrafts. The data is publicly ava light Center (GSFC) https://wind.nasa.gov/data.php , and (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ . sa.gov/data.php , and (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ .
Authors=Petukhova, A. S.; Petukhov, I. S.; Petukhov, S. I.;
Title=Duration of the recovery phase of sporadic Forbush decreases, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.056, ID:32505755.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =gth intensity) in the 26-day interval containing the FD were obtained from 1-h data from the OMNI database ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The relative CR density is obtained by IZMIRAN Co
Sample usage ( ACK ) =abase obtained by IZMIRAN Cosmic Ray Group ( http://spaceweather.izmiran.ru/eng/dbs.html ), OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the near-Earth interplanetary cor osmic Ray Group ( http://spaceweather.izmiran.ru/eng/dbs.html ), OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the near-Earth interplanetary coronal mass ejection database
Sample usage ( BODY ) =-day interval containing the FD were obtained from 1-h data from the OMNI database ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The relative CR density is obtained by IZMIRAN Cosmic Ray Group ( http://s abase obtained by IZMIRAN Cosmic Ray Group ( http://spaceweather.izmiran.ru/eng/dbs.html ), OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the near-Earth interplanetary cor osmic Ray Group ( http://spaceweather.izmiran.ru/eng/dbs.html ), OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the near-Earth interplanetary coronal mass ejection database
Authors=Ndacyayisenga, Theogene; Uwamahoro, Jean; Uwamahoro, Jean Claude; Kwisanga, Christian; Monstein, Christian;
Title=Large solar energetic particles and solar radio emissions during Cycle 25. A comparative analysis of trends and characteristics with cycles 23 and 24, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.060, ID:32505759.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =work: e-Callisto network, NOAA; GOES, Solar Monitor, STEREO, Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) and NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, WDC-SILSO from the Royal Observatory of Belgium.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =work: e-Callisto network, NOAA; GOES, Solar Monitor, STEREO, Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) and NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, WDC-SILSO from the Royal Observatory of Belgium.
Authors=Chen, Jun; Huang, Liangke; Xiong, Si; Wu, Pituan;
Title=Assessment of selected ionospheric mapping functions using SF-PPP on different solar activities, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.066, ID:32505850.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =he F10.7 index is from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he F10.7 index is from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Authors=Jiang, Chunhua; Wei, Lehui; Yokoyama, Tatsuhiro; Tian, Rong; Liu, Tongxin; Yang, Guobin;
Title=Assessment of IRI2020 model accuracy in predicting ionospheric parameters: Insights from multiple ionosonde stations, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.09.026, ID:32505853.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We would also like to extend our gratitude to the NASA OMNIWeb website for providing space weather data freely online.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =owing ionosonde foF2 and MUFD relationship with space weather parameters, sourced from NASA OMNIWeb data, across all five stations from 2020 to 2023. We would also like to extend our gratitude to the NASA OMNIWeb website for providing space weather data freely online.
Authors=Jain, Amit; Trivedi, Richa; Jain, Sudhir; Choudhary, R. K.;
Title=Role of thermospheric winds on the generation of F-region irregularities over Indonesian sector during the solar minimum year 2020, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.09.063, ID:32505858.
Keywords: spdf
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The ICON MIGHTI data products were retrieved from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/l2/ . The ionosonde observations are available at https://aer-nc-web.nict.go.jp/sealion .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The ICON MIGHTI data products were retrieved from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/l2/ . The ionosonde observations are available at https://aer-nc-web.nict.go.jp/sealion .
Authors=Chen, Biyan; Jin, Lijun; Wang, Jinyong; Li, Tiezhu; Wu, Dingyi; Wang, Xiaoman;
Title=Spatio-temporal features of ionospheric disturbances resulting from March 2023 geomagnetic storm: Comparisons with March 2015 St. Patrick’s Day storm, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.10.042, ID:32558011.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors are thankful to the IGS Community for providing GNSS data, OMNI web data center ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for making available solar indices.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The authors are thankful to the IGS Community for providing GNSS data, OMNI web data center ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for making available solar indices.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =re thankful to the IGS Community for providing GNSS data, OMNI web data center ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for making available solar indices.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = solar wind parameters and various geomagnetic activity indices have been obtained from the OMNIWeb data center, which is accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . ave been obtained from the OMNIWeb data center, which is accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . re thankful to the IGS Community for providing GNSS data, OMNI web data center ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for making available solar indices.
Authors=Belehaki, Anna; Haggstrom, Ingemar; Kiss, Tamas; Galkin, Ivan; Tjulin, Anders; Mihalikova, Maria; Enell, Carl-Fredrik; Pierantoni, Gabriel; Chen, Yin; Sipos, Gergely; Bruinsma, Sean; Pierrard, Viviane; Altadill, David; Segarra, Antoni; Navas-Portella, Victor; Pica, Emanuele; Spogli, Luca; Alfonsi, Lucilla; Cesaroni, Claudio; Romano, Vicenzo; Mainella, Sara; Vermicelli, Pietro; Verhulst, Tobias; Poedts, Stefaan; Hernandez-Pajares, Manuel; Buresova, Dalia; Rusz, Jan; Chum, Jaroslav; Darrouzet, Fabien; Botek, Edith; Rothkaehl, Hanna; Matyjasiak, Barbara; Pozoga, Mariusz; Grzesiak, Marcin; Chan You Fee, David; Kagialis, Dimitris; Tsagouri, Ioanna; Thanasou, Angeliki; Herekakis, Themistocles; Chevalier, Jean-Marie; Bergeot, Nicolas; Winant, Alexandre; Mevius, Maaijke; Witvliet, Ben; Graffigna, Victoria; Marchaudon, Aurelie; Wenzel, David; Kriegel, Martin; Matzka, Jurgen; Kervalishvili, Guram; Raita, Tero; Hynonen, Reko; Watermann, Jurgen;
Title=Comparative case study of delayed ionospheric response to a superposed 27-day solar rotation signal, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.004, ID:32641004.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ity data, as well as the geomagnetic activity data for this study was kindly provided by the SPDF OMNIWeb database ( King, 2005; NASA, 2023 ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ta, as well as the geomagnetic activity data for this study was kindly provided by the SPDF OMNIWeb database ( King, 2005; NASA, 2023 ). Both indices are applied as input for the model simula
Authors=Chernogor, Leonid F.; Holub, Marya Yu.;
Title=Geomagnetic effect of the solar eclipse of April 8, 2024, in the North American sector, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.002, ID:32641007.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =he solar wind parameters have been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he solar wind parameters have been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ave been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The authors are grateful to Y.H.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Based on the data from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html , a special format has been developed that characterizes the state of space weather, as shown in Fig. 2 , which shows that d ave been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The authors are grateful to Y.H.
Authors=Muafiry, Ihsan Naufal; Meilano, Irwan; Wijaya, Dudy D.; Senturk, Erman; Heki, Kosuke;
Title=Ionospheric changes immediately before the 2023 February Kahramanmaras earthquakes, Turkey, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.011, ID:32641010.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The space weather data are obtained from NASA (omniweb.nasa.gov) and World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto University (wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The space weather data are obtained from NASA (omniweb.nasa.gov) and World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto University (wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp).
Authors=Chowdhury, Swati; Choudhary, R. K.; Subrahamanyam, D. Bala;
Title=Did the “Tauktae” cyclone impact the upper atmosphere through traveling ionospheric disturbances? A case study over the Arabian Sea using measurements from InSWIM network stations, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.012, ID:32641012.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors also thank NASA/ OmniWeb team for the F10.7cm flux data, and the WDCC2 (Kyoto) for the International Quiet Days.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nd method of analysis The geomagnetic and solar index data are freely available in the NASA-OmniWeb archive (https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/). and solar index data are freely available in the NASA-OmniWeb archive (https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/). The authors also thank NASA/ OmniWeb team for the F10.7cm flux data, and the WDCC2 (Kyoto) for the International Quiet Days.
Authors=Chukwuma, Victor U.; Adekoya, Bolarinwa J.; Onori, Eugene O.; Ometan, Oluwafunmilayo O.; Ogwala, Aghogho;
Title=On the identification of the spatiotemporal locations of solar wind structures during an intense geomagnetic storm, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.034, ID:32641020.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =the relationship from Lopez (1987) to calculate T ex from simultaneously measured solar wind Omni data.: T ex is the temperature expected from the well-established correlation between the so
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The geomagnetic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Gl etic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Global Ionosp
Sample usage ( BODY ) =These data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). These data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The geomagnetic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Gl etic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Global Ionosp
Authors=Klimov, Pavel; Nikolaeva, Vera; Shchelkanov, Konstantin; Saraev, Roman; Sigaeva, Ksenia; Kotikov, Andrei; Belov, Alexander; Kozelov, Boris; Murashov, Alexei; Roldugin, Alexei;
Title=Optical measurements of precipitating relativistic electron microbursts during geomagnetic disturbance and pulsating aurora, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.035, ID:32641024.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =IMF and SW data obtained from OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 10 June 2024).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =IMF and SW data obtained from OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 10 June 2024).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =IMF and SW data obtained from OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 10 June 2024). Geomagnetic activity indices SYM-H and K P were also taken from OMNIweb. We t accessed on 10 June 2024). Geomagnetic activity indices SYM-H and K P were also taken from OMNIweb. We thank the AMPERE team and the AMPERE Science Data Center for providing data products de
Sample usage ( BODY ) =IMF and SW data obtained from OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 10 June 2024). Geomagnetic activity indices SYM-H and K P were also taken from OMNIweb. We t accessed on 10 June 2024). Geomagnetic activity indices SYM-H and K P were also taken from OMNIweb. We thank the AMPERE team and the AMPERE Science Data Center for providing data products de
Authors=Chowdhury, Swati; Subrahamanyam, D. Bala; Choudhary, R. K.;
Title=First observational investigation on the temporal trends of Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) over an equatorial station: Discerning the impacts of Mora and Ockhi - Two tropical cyclones in 2017, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.078, ID:34178662.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The geomagnetic index data are freely available on the NASA-OmniWeb archive https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). eomagnetic index data are freely available on the NASA-OmniWeb archive https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic index data are freely available on the NASA-OmniWeb archive https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). eomagnetic index data are freely available on the NASA-OmniWeb archive https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Authors=Bilitza, Dieter;
Title=Validation of the -2020 topside ionosphere options through in-situ electron density observations by low-Earth-orbit satellites, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.05.056, ID:33014742.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and are freely available through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . DMSP F15 is the 15th satellite of the DMSP progra are freely available through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . DMSP F15 is the 15th satellite of the DMSP program and the first of the block cility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov ), available through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . DMSP F15 data were downloaded from the CEDAR Madr asa.gov ), available through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . DMSP F15 data were downloaded from the CEDAR Madrigal database at http://cedar
Sample usage ( BODY ) =They are also archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and are freely available through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc. .berkeley.edu/Data , and are also archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov ), available through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =They are also archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and are freely available through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.n ailable at https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data , and are also archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov ), available through the Coordinated Data Analysis W
Sample usage ( BODY ) =F 10.7 solar index data were downloaded through the OMNIWeb Data Explorer website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) maintained by the NASA. lar index data were downloaded through the OMNIWeb Data Explorer website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) maintained by the NASA.
Authors=Servan-Schreiber, Nina; Aggarwal, Malini; Huang, Yuyang; Kang, Minwook; Shaker, Abdalla; Bilitza, Dieter;
Title=TEC variations and -2016, -2020 and -Plas performance in Mexico, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.03.046, ID:33014746.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (last accessed on 25 August 2023).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (last accessed on 25 August 2023).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors thank the scientists and working groups of OMNI, IONLAB and IRIMODEL.ORG for providing the opportunity of using their services online. The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indice m> IONLAB and IRIMODEL.ORG for providing the opportunity of using their services online. The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://o
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The authors thank the scientists and working groups of OMNI, IONLAB and IRIMODEL.ORG for providing the opportunity of using their services online. The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indice m> IONLAB and IRIMODEL.ORG for providing the opportunity of using their services online. The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://o
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (last accessed on 25 August 2023). t and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (last accessed on 25 August 2023).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data (Dst and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (last accessed on 25 August 2023). t and F10.7 indices) were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov (last accessed on 25 August 2023).
Authors=Okoh, Daniel; Cesaroni, Claudio; Habarulema, John Bosco; Migoya-Orue, Yenca; Nava, Bruno; Spogli, Luca; Rabiu, Babatunde; Benjamin, Joshua;
Title=Investigation of the global climatologic performance of ionospheric models utilizing in-situ Swarm satellite electron density measurements, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.052, ID:33014747.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =F10.7, Dst, and Kp values were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). F10.7, Dst, and Kp values were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =F10.7, Dst, and Kp values were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). F10.7, Dst, and Kp values were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Authors=Ogwala, Aghogho; Akinbuli, Feyisara Fehintoluwa; Panda, Sampad Kumar; Jamjareegulgarn, Punyawi; Siddiqui, Md Irfanul Haque; Kayode, Yusuf Olanrewaju; Ashraf, Intesaaf; Somoye, Emmanuel Olufemi;
Title=Validating the -2020 model for ionospheric storms over the North-East Asian sector induced by extreme geomagnetic storms, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.07.032, ID:33014751.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) = https://www.unavco.org/data/gps-gnss/gps-gnss.html ) for providing access to GNSS data. The OMNI web ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) for offering space environment and geomagnetic
Sample usage ( BODY ) = https://www.unavco.org/data/gps-gnss/gps-gnss.html ) for providing access to GNSS data. The OMNI web ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) for offering space environment and geomagnetic
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI web ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) for offering space environment and geomagnetic information.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI web ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ) for offering space environment and geomagnetic information.
Authors=Sumniang, Patiphan; Sittichai, Wishapol; Kenpankho, Prasert;
Title=Influence of ICME-driven magnetic cloud-like and sheath region induced geomagnetic storms in causing anomalous responses of the low-latitude ionosphere: A case study, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.045, ID:33461929.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/) of SPDF, GSFC NASA, the K p and A p while the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) data are obtained from the Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Mumbai.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =igh-resolution (1-min) interplanetary and SYM-H data used in this work are obtained from the OMNI database.(https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/) of SPDF, GSFC NASA, the K p and A p while the Equa
Sample usage ( BODY ) =interplanetary and SYM-H data used in this work are obtained from the OMNI database.(https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/) of SPDF, GSFC NASA, the K p and A p while the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ)
Authors=Upadhyay, Kshitiz; Shiokawa, Kazuo; Pallamraju, Duggirala; Gololobov, Artem;
Title=Determination of electron heat flux in the topside ionosphere and its impact on the vertical profile of OI 630.0 nm emission rate during nighttime SAR arcs for different solar activity conditions, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.046, ID:33461930.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Data availability The solar geophysical indices data are utilized from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data availability The solar geophysical indices data are utilized from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Data availability The solar geophysical indices data are utilized from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . physical indices data are utilized from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data availability The solar geophysical indices data are utilized from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . physical indices data are utilized from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Authors=Bravo, M. A.; Villalobos, C. U.; Castillo Rivera, C.; Foppiano, A. J.; Ovalle, E. M.;
Title=Estimating the Dst index using machine learning from IMAGE/HENA observations, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.056, ID:33461937.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =kyoto-u.ac.jp/ ) and NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center for the IMAGE/HENA data ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (
Sample usage ( BODY ) =kyoto-u.ac.jp/ ) and NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center for the IMAGE/HENA data ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (
Authors=Le, Xuan; Mei, Dengkui; Chen, Jinyuan; Abdelaziz, Ahmed; Ren, Xiaodong; Zhang, Xiaohong;
Title=Ionospheric total electron content and electron density response induced by the 8 April 2024 total solar eclipse, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.066, ID:33461939.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =dge use of F10.7 data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ); GNSS MGEX RINEX data from CORS ( https://geodesy.noaa.gov/CO
Sample usage ( BODY ) =dge use of F10.7 data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ); GNSS MGEX RINEX data from CORS ( https://geodesy.noaa.gov/CO
Authors=Chernogor, L. F.;
Title=Energetics of physical processes operated on May 8-12, 2024: From the solar storm to lithospheric disturbances, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.069, ID:33461940.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =nts The solar wind parameters were retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =nts The solar wind parameters were retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ers were retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . This article makes use of data on the evolution and impact of
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ers were retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . This article makes use of data on the evolution and impact of
Authors=Ray, Sayak; Kundu, Bhaskar; Sahoo, Sambit; Tiwari, Deepak Kumar;
Title=Discerning double coseismic travelling ionospheric disturbances following the April 2024 Hualien earthquake, from GNSS TEC, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.01.005, ID:33461943.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =These space weather datasets were downloaded from OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). 2.2 Methodology 2.2.1 GNSS-TEC data processing strategy The phase differenc These space weather datasets were downloaded from OmniWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). 2.2 Methodology 2.2.1 GNSS-TEC data processing strategy The phase differenc
Authors=Qi, Ao; Hao, Xiaojing; Ruan, Haibing; Huang, Fuqing;
Title=A novel empirical global total electron content model utilizing spatiotemporal combinations to address ionospheric anomalies, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.01.036, ID:33647645.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) = GIMs data ( https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/products/ionex/ ), to the data provider of OMNIWEB for F10.7 and Kp data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the d products/ionex/ ), to the data provider of OMNIWEB for F10.7 and Kp data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the data provider of for -2020 model ( https://
Sample usage ( BODY ) = GIMs data ( https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/products/ionex/ ), to the data provider of OMNIWEB for F10.7 and Kp data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the d products/ionex/ ), to the data provider of OMNIWEB for F10.7 and Kp data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the data provider of for -2020 model ( https://
Sample usage ( ACK ) =F10.7 and Kp data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the data provider of for -2020 model ( https://irimodel.org/ ). ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the data provider of for -2020 model ( https://irimodel.org/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The () is one of the most widely used empirical ionospheric models, capable of characterizing variations in global TEC. The IGSG, TECG-STC, and -2020 models all effectively capture the anomaly, showing strong agreement in both morphology and peak moments. In contrast, the -2020 model can depict the MSNA but tends to underestimates the EIA and WA. F10.7 and Kp data ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the data provider of for -2020 model ( https://irimodel.org/ ). ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) and to the data provider of for -2020 model ( https://irimodel.org/ ).
Authors=Agyei-Yeboah, Ebenezer; Fagundes, Paulo Roberto; Tardelli, Alexandre; Pillat, Valdir Gil; Vieira, Francisco; Bolzan, Mauricio Jose Alvez;
Title=Global ionospheric response to a G2 and a G3 geomagnetic storms of November 4 and 5 2023, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.01.046, ID:33647646.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =etic activity indices, O/N2 ratio and PPEF were provide by http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , https://guvitimed.jhuapl.edu/guvi-galleryl3on2 , https://geomag.colorado.edu/onli
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ctivity indices were obtained from NASAs omniweb at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/ omni_min.html. These parameters used to describe the solar wind include the solar radio flux at 10.7cm etic activity indices, O/N2 ratio and PPEF were provide by http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , https://guvitimed.jhuapl.edu/guvi-galleryl3on2 , https://geomag.colorado.edu/onli
Sample usage ( ACK ) =r wind parameters, geomagnetic activity indices, O/N2 ratio and PPEF were provide by http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , https://guvitimed.jhuapl.edu/guvi-galleryl3on2 , https:/
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data for solar wind parameters and geomagnetic activity indices were obtained from NASAs omniweb at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/ omni_min.html. and geomagnetic activity indices were obtained from NASAs omniweb at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/ omni_min.html. r wind parameters, geomagnetic activity indices, O/N2 ratio and PPEF were provide by http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , https://guvitimed.jhuapl.edu/guvi-galleryl3on2 , https:/
Authors=Bak, Serim; Kim, Jeongrae;
Title=On global relative geo-effectiveness of solar wind structures during an intense geomagnetic storm: A case study of an intense geomagnetic storm driven by sandwich-structured CME, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.013, ID:33928948.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The geomagnetic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Gl etic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Global Ionosp
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Gl etic index and solar wind data were obtained from NSSDCs OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ), the fo F2 and hmF2 data were obtained from the Global Ionosp
Authors=Benjamin, Joshua O.; Okoh, Daniel I.; Rabiu, Babatunde A.;
Title=Global comparison of instantaneous electron density latitudinal profiles from SWARM satellites and model, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.023, ID:33928949.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Dst index data were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). Dst index data were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Dst index data were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). Dst index data were obtained from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Authors=Ren, Xiaochen; Zhao, Biqiang; Zeng, Lingqi; Hao, Honglian; Ren, Zhipeng; Xiong, Bo;
Title=Accuracy analysis of GNSS global broadcast ionospheric models in the polar region, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.025, ID:33928951.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =arthscope/gnss-data-access ) for providing GPS data, NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for providing the solar activity data, ing GPS data, NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for providing the solar activity data, Kyoto ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Sample usage ( BODY ) =arthscope/gnss-data-access ) for providing GPS data, NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for providing the solar activity data, ing GPS data, NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) for providing the solar activity data, Kyoto ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Authors=El-Taher, A. M.; Habashy, B. M.; El-Borie, M. A.; Bishara, A. A.; Ibrahim, S. F.;
Title=On the correlation between hemispheric solar activity and geomagnetic indices: A study utilizing wavelet analysis technique, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.022, ID:33928954.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ily data of A p , K p , and D s t indices during the period 1986 to 2021 is provided by the Omniweb data via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . indices during the period 1986 to 2021 is provided by the Omniweb data via https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Authors=Amin, Eid A.; Shaltout, Abdelrazek M. K.; Abdelkawy, Ali G. A.; Beheary, M. M.; Abdelhamid, R.; Shimeis, Amira;
Title=The influence of solar activity on geomagnetic disturbances over cycles 23 and 24, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.030, ID:33928956.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e catalog list of the geomagnetic storms in a period of August 1996 - December 2019 from the OMNI website for the main parameters of data sources (e.g., Dst index, SSNs and solar wind data). The solar wind data is from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ), in 1-h time resolution. The solar wind speed of magnetic storm is 553km/s for the OMNI data. In particular, the solar wind speed profile shows different fluctuations with velocities in a range of V=450km/s to 700km The min-Dst index is obtained from the OMNI dataset ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The time of solar wind was selected for the datasets based on the minimum Dst index in hourly time reso
Authors=Feggeler, Matthew; England, Scott L.;
Title=Ionospheric observations from formation flying spacecraft, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.03.054, ID:34038707.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =//icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/ Data and NASAs Coordinated Data Analysis website https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/ . COSMIC-2 IVM data are available from the UCAR COSMIC Program, 2019: COS
Sample usage ( BODY ) =//icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/ Data and NASAs Coordinated Data Analysis website https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/ . COSMIC-2 IVM data are available from the UCAR COSMIC Program, 2019: COS
Authors=Yang, Xiaochao; Li, Xinlin; Dai, Lei; Wu, Ji; Kalegaev, Vladimir; Li, Wen; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Liu, Wenlong; Xiang, Zheng; Ni, Binbin; Liu, Si; Baker, Daniel N.; Wang, Chi; Deng, Li; Li, Yulun; Praks, Jaan; Anger, Marius; Wang, Jingdong; Zhou, Bin; Zhang, Shenyi; dos Santos, Walter Abrahao; Ma, Yingqi;
Title=A multi-satellite survey scheme for addressing open questions on the Earth’s outer radiation belt dynamics, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.008, ID:34038712.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) = like to thank the members of the EMFISIS instrument team, the members of the VAP team, and CDAweb for the magnetic field data, index data. The work at NSSC was supported by NNSFC grants ( 4
Sample usage ( BODY ) = like to thank the members of the EMFISIS instrument team, the members of the VAP team, and CDAweb for the magnetic field data, index data. The work at NSSC was supported by NNSFC grants ( 4
Authors=Bhaskar, Ankush; Pradeep, Jayadev; Narendranath, Shyama; Nandy, Dibyendu; Vaidya, Bhargav; Hari, Priyadarshan; Thampi, Smitha V.; Yadav, Vipin K.; Vichare, Geeta; Raghav, Anil; Chakrabarty, Dibyendu; Satheesh Thampi, R.; Pant, Tarun Kumar;
Title=AuroraMag: Twin explorer of asymmetry in aurora and solar wind-magnetosphere coupling, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.05.067, ID:34038714.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The data are publicly available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ pub/data/wind/. e data are publicly available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ pub/data/wind/.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data are publicly available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ pub/data/wind/. e data are publicly available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ pub/data/wind/.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments The utilized data in this analysis is taken from the OMNI database. The data are publicly available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ pu
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Acknowledgments The utilized data in this analysis is taken from the OMNI database. The data are publicly available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ pu
Authors=Tsai, Ethan; Palla, Akhil; Norris, Austin; King, James; Russell, Cindy; Ye, Sophie; Wu, Jiashu; Mao, Jason; Jha, Sharvani; Young, Chanel; Wing, Graham; Lian, Kevin; Szeto, Aiden; Shiffer, James; Sankar, Rishi; Tota, Kaivalya; Liu, Annie; Lee, Derek; Patil, Uma; He, Isabella; Tam, Jonathan; McDermott, Alex; Le, Katrina; Kumar, Suyash; Nguyen, Kelly; Nguyen, Michelle; Yap, Chen; Xie, Erica; Tseng, James; Iglesias, Laura; Roosnovo, Alexandra; Turner, Wynne; Curtis, Reed; Wilkins, Colin; Masongsong, Emmanuel; Caron, Ryan; Zhang, Xiao-Jia; Artemyev, Anton; Angelopoulos, Vassilis;
Title=Remote sensing of electron precipitation mechanisms enabled by ELFIN mission operations and ADCS, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.07.008, ID:34038715.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In addition to hosting ELFIN data on public NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and UCLA servers, we also maintained data analysis tools (via a SPEDAS plugin) for scientists to analyze E
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In addition to hosting ELFIN data on public NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and UCLA servers, we also maintained data analysis tools (via a SPEDAS plugin) for scientists to analyze EL
Authors=Semlali, Badr-Eddine Boudriki; Molina, Carlos; Park, Hyuk; Camps, Adriano;
Title=Solar activity and ionospheric variation: A comprehensive study using hurst exponent and probability density functions analysis, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.060, ID:34207658.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =rs extend their appreciation to NOAA ( https : / / www . ngdc . noaa . gov / ) and the NASA OmniWeb database ( http : / / omniweb . gsfc . nasa . gov / ) for their open-access data r https : / / www . ngdc . noaa . gov / ) and the NASA OmniWeb database ( http : / / omniweb . gsfc . nasa . gov / ) for their open-access data resources, which were instrumental in th
Authors=Tang, Jun; Xu, Lang; Xu, Chaoqian; Zhang, Liang;
Title=Forecasting single-station ionospheric TEC over China using a combined DBO-LSTM model during geomagnetic storms, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.061, ID:34207659.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ing the GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Other feature data are obtained from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNI (Operating Missions as a Node on the Internet) dataset. ing the GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Other feature data are obtained from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNI (Operating Missions as a Node on the Internet) dataset.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Other feature data are obtained from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNI (Operating Missions as a Node on the Internet) dataset.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =e GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.g e GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.g e GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Authors=Saha, Sovan; Pallamraju, Duggirala; Kumar, Sunil; Narayanan, V. Lakshmi; Sunda, Surendra;
Title=Cross-equatorial travelling ionospheric disturbances and changes in background ionospheric densities over Indian longitudes during geomagnetic storm of 20-21 December 2015, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.066, ID:34207660.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =opause region and geomagnetic indices (SYM-H, AE) are obtained from OMNI database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval1.cgi ) and World Data Center (WDC) for geomagnetism, Kyoto ( htt
Sample usage ( BODY ) =) near the dayside magnetopause region and geomagnetic indices (SYM-H, AE) are obtained from OMNI database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval1.cgi ) and World Data Center (WDC) for i.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec3.html ) ( Nose et al., 2015; Imajo et al., 2022 ), respectively. The OMNI data have been time shifted to the Earths bow shock nose for obtaining a more accurate behav
Authors=Kong, Qiaoli; Huang, Yunqing; Mi, Xiaolong; Bai, Qi; Han, Jingwei; Chen, Yanfei; Wang, Shi;
Title=Ionospheric response to the intense geomagnetic storm of 23-24 April 2023: Insights from ground-based airglow and GPS observations over low-latitude Indian regions, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.03.021, ID:34207692.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Additionally, they extend their appreciation to SPDF, NASA, for making interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz and disturbance storm index (DST) data publicly accessible at https://omniweb.gsf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Additionally, they extend their appreciation to SPDF, NASA, for making interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz and disturbance storm index (DST) data publicly accessible at https://omniweb.gsf
Sample usage ( ACK ) =disturbance storm index (DST) data publicly accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . Finally, the authors are grateful to Sh.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =disturbance storm index (DST) data publicly accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . Finally, the authors are grateful to Sh.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =gnetic field (IMF) Bz and disturbance storm index (DST) data publicly accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . Finally, the authors are grateful to Sh.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =gnetic field (IMF) Bz and disturbance storm index (DST) data publicly accessible at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . Finally, the authors are grateful to Sh.
Authors=Dinede, Amsalu Hundesa; Gogie, Tsegaye Kassa;
Title=Characterization of equatorial plasma bubbles over the East African Sector using the ROTI and sTEC depletion depth, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.03.062, ID:34207695.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =niversity, the GNSS data provided by UNAVCO: htpp://www.unavco.org/data/ data.html, https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and of the geomagnetic data provided by the World Data Center f
Sample usage ( BODY ) =on were obtained from the following sources: htpp://www.unavco.org/data/ data.html, https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec1.html respectively. niversity, the GNSS data provided by UNAVCO: htpp://www.unavco.org/data/ data.html, https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and of the geomagnetic data provided by the World Data Center f
Authors=Manju, G.; Mridula, N.; Sruthi, T. V.;
Title=Ionospheric response to the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake: evaluation of a novel histogram-based metric, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.03.070, ID:34783516.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) = would like to express our gratitude to the IONOLAB group for providing the TEC data and to OMNIWeb for supplying the geomagnetic data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) = would like to express our gratitude to the IONOLAB group for providing the TEC data and to OMNIWeb for supplying the geomagnetic data. Appendix A Solution of the Normal Equation by QR Factor
Authors=Gurav, O. B.; Ghodpage, R. N.; Taori, A.; Sripathi, S.; Karpe, S. D.; Patil, M. K.; Dimri, A. P.;
Title=Dynamics of EPBs and MSTIDs interaction during the post-midnight sector over the Indian low-latitude region, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.075, ID:34996699.
Keywords: cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =eld (IMF Ey), Auroral Electrojet Indices (AE) and SymH used in this paper are obtained from CDAWEB ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi ). trojet Indices (AE) and SymH used in this paper are obtained from CDAWEB ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =eld (IMF Ey), Auroral Electrojet Indices (AE) and SymH used in this paper are obtained from CDAWEB ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi ). trojet Indices (AE) and SymH used in this paper are obtained from CDAWEB ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi ).
Authors=Chernogor, L. F.; Rozumenko, V. T.; Shevelev, M. B.; Wang, J.; Zheng, Y.;
Title=Global geomagnetic response to the extreme geospace storm of May 10-11, 2024, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.004, ID:34996700.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omni2, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Information on the observatories is taken from https://intermagnet.org/metadata/#/imos . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Information on the observatories is taken from https://intermagnet.org/metadata/#/imos . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e key parameters of this storm, including solar wind conditions and geomagnetic indices from OMNI2 database, are presented in Fig. 2 ( Chernogor, 2025 ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Authors=Chernogor, Leonid F.; Mylovanov, Yurii B.; Zhdanko, Yevhen H.; Zheng, Yu;
Title=The April 20, 2023, hybrid eclipse features and their ionospheric signatures in the eastern equatorial and southern hemisphere region of the globe, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.027, ID:34996705.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =he solar wind parameters have been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he solar wind parameters have been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ave been retrieved from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The authors are grateful to V.
Authors=Kumbhar, Kishor; Raghav, Anil; Shaikh, Zubair; Dhamane, Omkar; Ghag, Kalpesh; Choudhari, Pandurang; Kolekar, Sagar;
Title=Kinetic instabilities constraining proton temperature anisotropy in corotating interaction regions at 1 AU, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.007, ID:34996707.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ce Flight Center (GSFC) https://wind.nasa.gov/data.php , (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ and (3) The CIR Catalogue can be foun d.nasa.gov/data.php , (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ and (3) The CIR Catalogue can be found in the supplementary section of (
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ce Flight Center (GSFC) https://wind.nasa.gov/data.php , (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ and (3) The CIR Catalogue can be foun d.nasa.gov/data.php , (2) Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/ and (3) The CIR Catalogue can be found in the supplementary section of (
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgements We acknowledge the Space Physics Data Facility of NASA/GSFC for providing access to Wind data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Acknowledgements We acknowledge the Space Physics Data Facility of NASA/GSFC for providing access to Wind data.
Authors=Salimov, Boris G.; Yasyukevich, Yury V.; Vesnin, Artem M.; Bykov, Aleksei E.; Zhang, Baocheng; Ratnam, D. Venkata;
Title=Machine learning total electron content models based on F10.7, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.038, ID:34996743.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ional GNSS Service for the GIM data, the community for the -2016 source code, and the OMNI database for the solar and geomagnetic index data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ional GNSS Service for the GIM data, the community for the -2016 source code, and the OMNI database for the solar and geomagnetic index data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The () is de facto standard for ionospheric climate. The asymmetrical distribution is observed in the GEMTEC and -2016 models (not depicted in Fig. 5 ). It may be inferred that this indicates an insufficient accounting for the solar cycle. Its quality is compared with GEMTEC and -2016 (not depicted in the figure). GEMTEC is linear model from F10.7 so it is only natural that it corresponds to our linear model. Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya and the International GNSS Service for the GIM data, the community for the -2016 source code, and the OMNI database for the solar and geom lunya and the International GNSS Service for the GIM data, the community for the -2016 source code, and the OMNI database for the solar and geomagnetic index data.
Authors=Han, Bang-min; Yu, Qiao; Wang, Jian; Chernogor, Leonid F.; Zheng, Yu;
Title=An ionospheric VTEC forecasting model over China based on the kernel ridge regression, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.049, ID:34996746.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Other used data can be downloaded from NASA/GSFCs OMNIWeb ( https://omniw2eb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Other used data can be downloaded from NASA/GSFCs OMNIWeb ( https://omniw2eb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Authors=Baliukin, Igor I.; Izmodenov, Vladislav V.;
Title=Understanding the IBEX ribbon using the kinetic model of pickup proton transport in a scatter-free limit, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.030, ID:35434724.
Keywords: omni, hdp
Sample usage ( BODY ) =solar-wind parameters at 1 au with minute resolution as the boundary condition (based on the OMNI data). To capture the non-adiabatic behavior of thermal proton temperature, in our stationar
Sample usage ( BODY ) =quals 40, where the interstellar magnetic field vector lies in the hydrogen deflection plane (HDP, Lallement et al., 2005; Lallement et al., 2010 ). e ribbon production rate (or flux source function) in the BV-plane, which coincides with the HDP, for different components of the primary ENAs: Neutral Solar Wind atoms (Type 1.0), Neutraliz
Authors=Fathy, Adel; Freeshah, Mohamed; Senturk, Erman; Hamza, A. F.; Mohamed, Marghny H.; Saad Farid, A. I.;
Title=Assessing the performance of -PLAS-MAP in the frame of hmF2 COSMIC observations over the African sector during the ascending phase of solar cycle 25, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.068, ID:35435064.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We also appreciate the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) for solar index data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We also appreciate the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) for solar index data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =s. 2 Dataset and methodology The daily solar flux data (F10.7 index) were retrieved from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We also appreciate the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) for solar index data. appreciate the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) for solar index data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ogy The daily solar flux data (F10.7 index) were retrieved from the OMNI database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). As illustrated in Fig. 1 , the black and red lines represent We also appreciate the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) for solar index data. appreciate the use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) for solar index data.
Authors=Marew, Habtamu; Aksonova, Kateryna; Jan, Lastovicka; Chum, Jaroslav; Mosna, Zbysek; Urbar, Jaroslav; Kouba, Daniel; Knizova, Petra Koucka; Rusz, Jan; Lubos, Rejfek; Base, Jiri;
Title=Ionosphere-thermosphere response to the January 14, 2022 moderate storm: ICON satellite observations, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.088, ID:36004126.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =niweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ); the ICON neutral wind and ion density measurements ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ ); geomagnetic indices from WDC Kyoto ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/aeasy
Sample usage ( BODY ) =niweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ); the ICON neutral wind and ion density measurements ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/ ); geomagnetic indices from WDC Kyoto ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/aeasy
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors are thankful to NASA for the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF); ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ); the ICON neutral wind and ion density measurements ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =d speed ( V sw ) and the level of solar activity ( F 10.7 ) for 1316 January 2022 ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). It is shown that 13 January 2022 is a magnetically quiet day The authors are thankful to NASA for the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF); ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ); the ICON neutral wind and ion density measurements ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.
Authors=Gonzalez, Gilda;
Title=Global patterns of equatorial plasma bubbles from ICON data, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.055, ID:36004198.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( ACK ) =on.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The ion density data used are version 6 of IVM 2.7.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =on.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The ion density data used are version 6 of IVM 2.7.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ata Center at UCB ( https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ata Center at UCB ( https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data ) and archived at the NASA Space Physics Data Facility ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Authors=Tabar, Mehmet Emin; Sisman, Yasemin;
Title=A comprehensive study of geomagnetic and TEC disturbances in relation to M mml:mathmml:mrowmml:mo</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math> 5.0 earthquakes, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.076, ID:36265424.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =c ap and Dst indices were downloaded from the Goddard Space Flight Center at the Space Physics Data Facility. Earthquake information was based on the USGS catalogue.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =c ap and Dst indices were downloaded from the Goddard Space Flight Center at the Space Physics Data Facility. Earthquake information was based on the USGS catalogue.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The global geomagnetic indices, ap and disturbance storm time (Dst), obtained from the NASA OMNIWeb Service, were also used in this study ( NASA/GSFC, 2024 ).
Authors=Hughes, Joe; Collett, Ian; Nasr, Camella; Newheart, Anastasia; Kelly, Ryan; Thaller, Scott; Patel, Raj; Johnstone, Connor; Vance, Elijah; Wang, Houjun; Re, Nathan; Tatman, Ben; Kasahara, Yoshiya; Matsuda, Shoya; Kumamoto, Atsushi; Tsuchiya, Fuminori; Hori, Tomoaki; Shinbori, Atsuki; Matsuoka, Ayako; Teramoto, Mariko; Yamamoto, Kazuhiro; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Shinohara, Iku;
Title=Ramp width of quasi-perpendicular supercritical shocks from multi-spacecraft data, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.029, ID:36265426.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ata at 22Hz (Cluster) and 128Hz (MMS) were acquired from the Cluster Active Archives and NASA-CDAWeb, respectively. The selection of these datasets ensures sufficient temporal resolution to
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ly, solar wind parameters, including velocity, temperature, and density, were retrieved from OMNI data through the OMNI Web interface. These parameters allowed us to compute critica uding velocity, temperature, and density, were retrieved from OMNI data through the OMNI Web interface. These parameters allowed us to compute critical shock parameters such as the Upstream plasma moments were obtained from OMNI data, accessed via the OMNI Web interface. The solar wind speed, temperature, and density were used to calculate key parameters, incl Upstream plasma moments were obtained from OMNI data, accessed via the OMNI Web interface. The solar wind speed, temperature, and density were used to calculate key parameters, incl
Authors=Castano, Juan Manuel; Meza, Amalia; Natali, Maria Paula;
Title=Ionospheric TEC response at mid and low latitudes to Solar wind oscillations on November 5th, 1997, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.031, ID:36265427.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ding the RINEX data, to the NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb Plus Service and OMNI data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =sition was X GSM = 123 R E during the period of the study, where R E is the Earth radio. The OMNI data sets are primarily intended to support studies of the effects of solar wind variations ding the RINEX data, to the NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb Plus Service and OMNI data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =sfc.nasa.gov ) for providing the RINEX data, to the NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb Plus Service and OMNI data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb Plus Service and OMNI data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data is available at OMNIWeb site ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The data is every 1min and the approximate position was X GSM = 123 R E during the period of the study, where The data is available at OMNIWeb site ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The data is every 1min and the approximate position was X GSM = 123 R E during the period of the study, where sfc.nasa.gov ) for providing the RINEX data, to the NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb Plus Service and OMNI data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb Plus Service and OMNI data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Authors=Nema, Ayushi; Bhaskar, Ankush; Pathak, Kamlesh N.; Thampi, Smitha V.; Datta, Abhirup;
Title=Impact of high-intensity long-duration continuous auroral electrojet activity (HILDCAAs) on relativistic electrons in Earth’s outer radiation belt during van allen probes era, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.041, ID:36265429.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments The authors of the paper, acknowledge the use of data provided by NASA OmniWeb, EMFISIS, and REPT instrument onboard Van Allen Probes, WDC for Geomagnetism, Kyoto, Japan, and
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ar wind conditions during HILDCAA have been studied using the data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The OMNIWeb database is already time-shifted to the bow shocks nose have been studied using the data available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The OMNIWeb database is already time-shifted to the bow shocks nose and the measured quantities in the Acknowledgments The authors of the paper, acknowledge the use of data provided by NASA OmniWeb, EMFISIS, and REPT instrument onboard Van Allen Probes, WDC for Geomagnetism, Kyoto, Japan, and
Authors=Terefe, Dejene Ambisa; Gereme, Melessew Nigussie; Habarulema, John Bosco; Olwendo, Joseph Ouko; Feyissa, Teshome Dugassa; Giday, Nigussie Mezgebe;
Title=Latitudinal variation of ionospheric storm effects on March 22-24, 2024 geomagnetic storm over the African Sector, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.047, ID:36265430.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ters and geomagnetic activity indices are provided by Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). GNSS/GPS RINEX observation files are available at CDDIS ( https://cddis.na
Authors=Zhou, Su; Wang, Lingmin; Wu, Zongxian; Zhou, Zhijin; Selvakumaran, R.; Gokani, Sneha A.;
Title=Empirical mode decomposition application to magnetic field variations in the magnetosphere, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.066, ID:36545139.
Keywords: cdaweb, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFCs CDAWeb Space Physics Data Facility, C. T. Russell for use of the FGM data, J.B.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFCs CDAWeb Space Physics Data Facility, C. T. Russell for use of the FGM data, J.B.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFCs CDAWeb Space Physics Data Facility, C. T. Russell for use of the FGM data, J.B.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFCs CDAWeb Space Physics Data Facility, C. T. Russell for use of the FGM data, J.B.
Authors=Tang, Jun; Xu, Lang; Fan, Cihang; Xu, Chaoqian; Ning, Yafei;
Title=A short-term prediction of ionospheric TEC using the RF-Prophet model for GNSS stations in China, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.079, ID:36545140.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ing the GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( BODY ) =from NASA’s OMNI (Operating Missions as a Node on the Internet) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF). The temporal resolution of the TEC data and other feature data is one hour. ing the GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ers are extracted from NASA’s OMNI (Operating Missions as a Node on the Internet) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF). The temporal resolution of the TEC data and other feature data is one hou
Sample usage ( BODY ) =As shown in Table 1 , a total of 34 parameters are extracted from NASA’s OMNI (Operating Missions as a Node on the Internet) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =e GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.g e GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.g e GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Authors=Li, Wang; Li, Jitong; Meng, Xiangzhou; Zhao, Dongsheng; He, Changyong; Zuo, Xiaoqing; Zhang, Kefei;
Title=A deep learning model for correcting nonlinear biases between the TEC measurements of COSMIC-2 and GNSS, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.011, ID:36545085.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =d and downloaded from the official website of the Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ) ( Okoh et al., 2020 ). Fig. 2 shows the variation trends of the F10.7 index (
Authors=Pietrella, Marco; Pezzopane, Michael; Pignalberi, Alessio; Marcocci, Carlo; Viola, Massimo; Pica, Emanuele;
Title=Analyzing LF/VLF lightning waveforms to estimate D-region electron density profiles, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.060, ID:36545096.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Kp index data was retrieved from NASAs Omniweb data portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and solar activity data was retrieved from NASAs Interactive Multi-Instrument Database Kp index data was retrieved from NASAs Omniweb data portal ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), and solar activity data was retrieved from NASAs Interactive Multi-Instrument Database
Authors=Lakshmi; Soni, Vijay Kumar; Kumar, Adarsh;
Title=Digisonde based inter-analysis of ionospheric TEC during the major solar eclipse of 8 April 2024 over North/South American sites, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.040, ID:36545098.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Space weather data for different parameters were downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html following Das et al. (2024) .
Authors=Ayebare, Daphine; Andima, Geoffrey; Mungufeni, Patrick; Uwamahoro, Jean Claude; Jurua, Edward;
Title=Characterization of the equatorial electrojet and its magnetic signatures deduced from Swarm observations, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.07.031, ID:36809937.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The Kp index and F10.7 data used in this study were obtained from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Kp index and F10.7 data used in this study were obtained from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Authors=Cele, Geoffrey; Andima, Geoffrey; Habyarimana, Valence; Jurua, Edward; Abedigamba, Oyirwoth Patrick;
Title=Effects of X2.8-class solar flare on the ionosphere occurred during the recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm over South American and Antarctic sectors, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.07.045, ID:36809939.
Keywords: spdf, space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =es were obtained from the OMNIWeb database provided by the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF). Planetary geomagnetic index (Kp) in 3-hour values were obtained from the GFZ German Researc
Sample usage ( BODY ) =st) in 1-hour values were obtained from the OMNIWeb database provided by the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF). Planetary geomagnetic index (Kp) in 3-hour values were obtained from the
Sample usage ( BODY ) =locity (Vp), and disturbance storm time index (Dst) in 1-hour values were obtained from the OMNIWeb database provided by the NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF). Interplanetary and geomagnetic data: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html and https://ftp.gwdg.de.
Authors=Kumar, Sunil; Pallamraju, Duggirala; Saha, Sovan;
Title=Response of ICON/MIGHTI OI 630.0 nm dayglow emission to the geomagnetic activities at different latitudes and longitudes, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.07.057, ID:36809942.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The Ap index and F10.7 flux data are obtained from NASA omniweb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The Ap index and F10.7 flux data are obtained from NASA omniweb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Ap index and F10.7 flux data are obtained from NASA omniweb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . The Ap index and F10.7 flux data are obtained from NASA omniweb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Authors=Feng, Xiaohuan; Luo, Yiyong; Zhan, Aowen;
Title=Characterizing the long term temporal and spatial variation of the African ionosphere using multi-data sources, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.07.069, ID:36809943.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =://www.cosmic.ucar.edu/what-we-do/cosmic-1/data ), the International GNSS Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx4.html ), GIRO ( https://giro.uml.edu/didbase/scaled.php ), and NASA f
Authors=Wang, Biao; Fang, Meihua; He, Mengyun; Ma, Yukuan; Chen, Rui;
Title=Real-time forecasting of ring current proton flux during geomagnetic storms using LSTM networks, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.07.068, ID:37336153.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, omni, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic indices were obtained from the OMNI data set https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . We are grateful to the instrument principal investigators, project management team, and
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic indices were obtained from the OMNI data set https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . We are grateful to the instrument principal investigators, project management team, and
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ts We thank the RBSPICE instrument team for providing the RBSP RBSPICE Level 3 data via NASA/SPDF https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . nt team for providing the RBSP RBSPICE Level 3 data via NASA/SPDF https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The RBSP RBSPICE Level 3 data can be obtained from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . The LSTM model files and the processed data are made available at https://github.com/WangBiao-st ts We thank the RBSPICE instrument team for providing the RBSP RBSPICE Level 3 data via NASA/SPDF https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . nt team for providing the RBSP RBSPICE Level 3 data via NASA/SPDF https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic indices were obtained from the OMNI data set https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . We are grateful to the instrument principal investigators, project management team, and
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic indices were obtained from the OMNI data set https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . We are grateful to the instrument principal investigators, project management team, and
Sample usage ( BODY ) =acterize the external driving conditions, we incorporate hourly averaged parameters from the OMNI2 dataset including: solar wind parameters (solar wind speed V sw , proton number density N p These data were obtained from the OMNI2 dataset ( King and Papitashvili, 2005 ), accessible via NASAs OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). 3 Methods and techniques 3.1 Neural network c
Sample usage ( BODY ) =acterize the external driving conditions, we incorporate hourly averaged parameters from the OMNI2 dataset including: solar wind parameters (solar wind speed V sw , proton number density N p These data were obtained from the OMNI2 dataset ( King and Papitashvili, 2005 ), accessi
Sample usage ( BODY ) = were obtained from the OMNI2 dataset ( King and Papitashvili, 2005 ), accessible via NASAs OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). 3 Methods and techniques 3.1 Neural network co ataset ( King and Papitashvili, 2005 ), accessible via NASAs OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). 3 Methods and techniques 3.1 Neural network construction The proposed neural sw , N p , P s , F10.7 index, IMF, Dst, SYM-H, AE, and AL data set were obtained from NASA OMNIweb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The RBSP RBSPICE Level 3 data can be obtained fro , IMF, Dst, SYM-H, AE, and AL data set were obtained from NASA OMNIweb https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The RBSP RBSPICE Level 3 data can be obtained from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov
Authors=Yang, Xinyue; Chen, Peng; Yao, Yibin; Wu, Mengyan;
Title=Response of the ionosphere to the total solar eclipse in the United States on April 8, 2024, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.07.085, ID:37336154.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Thanks are also due to the NASA SPDF-Goddard Space Flight Centre ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for providing data such as the geomagnetic index and the solar activity index.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ditions during the study period, solar and geomagnetic activity index data provided by NASAs SPDF-Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) were analyzed. Thanks are also due to the NASA SPDF-Goddard Space Flight Centre ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for providing data such as the geomagnetic index and the solar activity index.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Thanks are also due to the NASA SPDF-Goddard Space Flight Centre ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for providing data such as the geomagnetic index and the solar activity index.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =eomagnetic activity index data provided by NASAs SPDF-Goddard Space Flight Center ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ) were analyzed. Thanks are also due to the NASA SPDF-Goddard Space Flight Centre ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for providing data such as the geomagnetic index and the solar activity index.
Authors=Kayode, Yusuf Olanrewaju; Ikuemonisan, Femi Emmanuel; Garba, Lurwan; Okoh, Daniel; Zubair, Adam Folohunsho;
Title=Multiple source characteristics in coseismic ionospheric disturbances for the April 2, 2024 Hualien earthquake from GNSS observations, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.08.003, ID:37336156.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) = GDMS, the Geomagnetic activity index (Kp, Dst) and solar activity index (F10.7) provided by SPDF OMNIWeb database. This work was supported by Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaan
Sample usage ( BODY ) = GDMS, the Geomagnetic activity index (Kp, Dst) and solar activity index (F10.7) provided by SPDF OMNIWeb database. This work was supported by Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaan
Sample usage ( ACK ) = the Geomagnetic activity index (Kp, Dst) and solar activity index (F10.7) provided by SPDF OMNIWeb database. This work was supported by Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (Pro
Sample usage ( BODY ) = the Geomagnetic activity index (Kp, Dst) and solar activity index (F10.7) provided by SPDF OMNIWeb database. This work was supported by Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (Pro
Authors=Picanco, G. A. S.; Fagundes, P. R.; Moro, J.; Nogueira, P. A. B.; Muella, M. T. A. H.; Denardini, C. M.; Resende, L. C. A.; da Silva, L. A.; Laranja, S. R.; Anoruo, C.; Agyei-Yeboah, E.; Christovam, A. L.;
Title=Simultaneous occurrence of midlatitude plasma bubbles and LSTIDs during the 10 October 2024 geomagnetic storm, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.08.056, ID:37572258.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Special thanks to NASA/OMNIWeb for the solar wind data, GFZ Potsdam for the magnetic indices, LISN for the ionosonde data, and CIRES/UCAR for the EEF data. Solar wind data are available through NASAs OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). Solar wind data are available through NASAs OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tary conditions during the geomagnetic storm period, we used 1-min resolution data from the OMNIWeb database, including solar wind velocity (km/s), proton density (cm 3 ), and the Bz componen Special thanks to NASA/OMNIWeb for the solar wind data, GFZ Potsdam for the magnetic indices, LISN for the ionosonde data, and CIRES/UCAR for the EEF data. Solar wind data are available through NASAs OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). Solar wind data are available through NASAs OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Authors=Tahir, Afnan; Wu, Falin; Shah, Munawar; Jamjareegulgarn, Punyawi; Ameen, Muhammad Ayyaz;
Title=Hemispheric responses of ionosphere-thermosphere to intense geomagnetic storms over the East Asian-Australian sector, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.08.063, ID:37572261.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The geophysical parameters can be downloaded from OMNI Web (( https://omniweb.esfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 01 March 2024), SuperMag ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ , accessed on 10 March 2024)
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geophysical parameters can be downloaded from OMNI Web (( https://omniweb.esfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 01 March 2024), SuperMag ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ , accessed on 10 March 2024)
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The geophysical parameters can be downloaded from OMNI Web (( https://omniweb.esfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 01 March 2024), SuperMag ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ , accessed on 10 March 2024)
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geophysical parameters can be downloaded from OMNI Web (( https://omniweb.esfc.nasa.gov , accessed on 01 March 2024), SuperMag ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ , accessed on 10 March 2024)
Authors=Verma, Gaurav; Vaishali; Neha; Saini, Shailendra; Das, Rupesh M.;
Title=Variations in water vapour and temperature in the upper atmosphere, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.008, ID:37572265.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Lyman- solar index is obtained from the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The Lyman- solar index is obtained from the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Authors=Eroglu, Emre; Bilgin, Huseyin; Edip, Kemal; Bidaj, Altin; Leti, Marsed; Hysenlliu, Mario;
Title=Comparative analysis of TEC anomalies preceding the 2022 Cyprus and Alaska earthquakes, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.011, ID:37572208.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Data availability The solar wind data is gathered from NASA: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html , and the TEC data is collected from the INDEX of CODE: https://ftp.aiub.unibe.ch/CODE
Sample usage ( BODY ) =These are obtained from NASA OMNIWeb and the Kyoto WDC for Geomagnetism. Solar activity is characterized using the F10.7cm radio flux index ( Usoskin, 2017 ), while anthropogenic and volcanic Data availability The solar wind data is gathered from NASA: https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html , and the TEC data is collected from the INDEX of CODE: https://ftp.aiub.unibe.ch/CODE
Authors=Ojapinwa, B. A.; Oyeyemi, E. O.; Akala, A. O.;
Title=The role of solar activity and geomagnetic activity in the production of energetic particle precipitation, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.020, ID:37572212.
Keywords: cdaweb, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =om the Advanced Composition Explorers (ACE) component of the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) database. Energetic particle precipitation measurements are available in the Medium Energe
Sample usage ( BODY ) =iolet (EUV) data as proxies for solar activity. 10.7 flux data were obtainable from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi/nx1.cgi while sunspot number data were obtainable from https://www.ngdc.n
Authors=Bouziane, Abdelaaziz; Djebli, Mourad;
Title=Multi-instrument observations of unseasonal post-sunset equatorial plasma bubbles during two moderate geomagnetic storms in May and June 2024 over East/Southeast Asia, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.049, ID:37572218.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Geomagnetic indices are obtained from NASA-OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Geomagnetic indices are obtained from NASA-OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Geomagnetic indices are obtained from NASA-OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Swarm electron density data profiles downloaded from the European Space Agency (ESA) VIRES web pla
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Geomagnetic indices are obtained from NASA-OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). Swarm electron density data profiles downloaded from the European Space Agency (ESA) VIRES web pla
Authors=Tang, Jun; Liu, Chang; Hu, Mingxian; Xu, Lang; Ding, Mingfei; Xu, Chaoqian;
Title=Research on GNSS ionospheric forecasting in China based on the BiLSTM-GRU-Attention model, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.050, ID:37572219.
Keywords: spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ing the GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ing the GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov
Sample usage ( ACK ) =e GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.g e GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =e GNSS observation data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, and the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.g e GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb for providing the geomagnetic and solar activity data ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ).
Authors=Shaikh, Muhammad Muneeb; Butt, Rizwan A.; Khawaja, Attaullah; Jarboui, Slaheddine;
Title=Optimized TEC prediction with the CEEMDAN-SE-LSTM framework: integrating Sample Entropy for reducing processing time, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.051, ID:37572220.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =To study the geomagnetic effects, space weather indices are obtained from the OMNI web NASA. The authors wish to express their gratitude for generously providing the necessary resources esse
Sample usage ( BODY ) =To study the geomagnetic effects, space weather indices are obtained from the OMNI web NASA. The authors wish to express their gratitude for generously providing the necessary resources esse
Sample usage ( BODY ) = obtained from the Kyoto University ( https://www.wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/qddays/ ) and NASA OMNIWeb databases. Additional parameters, such as the F10.7 solar flux and AE index, were also anal
Authors=Sierra-Porta, D.; Verdugo, Maximiliano Canedo; Herrera Acevedo, Daniel David;
Title=Global complexity signatures of solar cycles: A unified Entropy-Fractal survey of OMNI solar wind data (1964-2025), 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.072, ID:37572230.
Keywords: omni, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =t, but a cycle-resolved assessment across multiple observables has been missing. Using daily OMNI-2 data (1964-2025), we segment each solar cycle (20-25) into ascending and descending phases
Sample usage ( TITLE ) =Global complexity signatures of solar cycles: A unified Entropy-Fractal survey of OMNI solar wind data (1964-2025)
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =, but a cycle-resolved assessment across multiple observables has been missing. Using daily OMNI-2 data (1964-2025), we segment each solar cycle (20-25) into ascending and descending phases
Sample usage ( BODY ) =s. 2 Materials and methods 2.1 Data set We analysed the extended OMNI -2 data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov the defacto reference compilation of near-Earth solar-wind and interplanetary
Authors=Cherkos, Alemayehu Mengesha;
Title=Effect of prompt penetration electric field on ionospheric EEJ variations and TEC depletion over the Peruvian and Brazilian region during the Mother’s day storm on May 10-12, 2024, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.093, ID:38114884.
Keywords: cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ndex, and solar wind parameters (Vsw, Psw, IMF Bz, and IMF Ey) were obtained from NASA GSFC CDAWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html/ ), while the Kp index was sourced from
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind and geomagnetic activity data were obtained from the CDAWEB OMNIWeb interface ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ), providing high-resolution IMF, solar wind speed, SYM-H index, and ndex, and solar wind parameters (Vsw, Psw, IMF Bz, and IMF Ey) were obtained from NASA GSFC CDAWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html/ ), while the Kp index was sourced from
Sample usage ( ACK ) =s (Vsw, Psw, IMF Bz, and IMF Ey) were obtained from NASA GSFC CDAWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html/ ), while the Kp index was sourced from GFZ Data Services ( https://kp.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Fig. 2 presents the geomagnetic storm event of May 1012, 2024, using 1-minute resolution OMNI data of solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices, illustrating the IMF and solar wind condi Fig. 3a and h present the SYM-H index obtained from the OMNI dataset, while Fig. 3c and j depict the IMF-driven convection electric field. s (Vsw, Psw, IMF Bz, and IMF Ey) were obtained from NASA GSFC CDAWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html/ ), while the Kp index was sourced from GFZ Data Services ( https://kp.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =s (Vsw, Psw, IMF Bz, and IMF Ey) were obtained from NASA GSFC CDAWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html/ ), while the Kp index was sourced from GFZ Data Services ( https://kp.
Authors=Chougule, Susmita; Shetti, Dadaso; Fleury, R.; Venkatesh, K.; Chougule, Prajakta;
Title=Study of intense space weather effects of May 2024 on the ionosphere over the Indian region using IRNSS/NavIC, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.045, ID:38114885.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =ata with SYM-H and Kp index were retrieved from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ), and GUVI O/N 2 ratio data were obtained from the GUVI website ( https://guvitime
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ata with SYM-H and Kp index were retrieved from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ), and GUVI O/N 2 ratio data were obtained from the GUVI website ( https://guvitime
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Interplanetary parameter data with SYM-H and Kp index were retrieved from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ), and GUVI O/N 2 ratio data were obtained from t etary parameter data with SYM-H and Kp index were retrieved from OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ), and GUVI O/N 2 ratio data were obtained from the GUVI w
Authors=Abunina, M. A.; Shlyk, N. S.; Belov, A. V.; Belov, S. M.; Abunin, A. A.;
Title=On the features of great Forbush effect during May 2024 extreme geomagnetic storm, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.03.007, ID:38114888.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Hourly values of solar wind (SW) parameters are taken from the OMNI database omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . GA data are available at ftp://ftp.gfz-potsdam.de/pub/home/obs/kp-ap/wdc ( Matzka et al.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Hourly values of solar wind (SW) parameters are taken from the OMNI database omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . GA data are available at ftp://ftp.gfz-potsdam.de/pub/home/obs/kp-ap/wdc ( Matzka et al.
Authors=Fagundes, P. R.; Pillat, V. G.; Habarulema, J. B.; Muella, M. T. A. H.; Venkatesh, K.; de Abreu, A. J.; Anoruo, C. M.; Vieira, F.; Welyargis, K. H.; Agyei-Yeboah, E.; Tardelli, A.; Felix, G. S.; Picanco, G. A. S.;
Title=Equatorial Ionization anomaly disturbances (EIA) triggered by the May 2024 solar Coronal Mass Ejection (CME): The strongest geomagnetic superstorm in the last two decades, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.007, ID:38114889.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =, and O/N2 ratio data by: http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ , http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , http://acdb-ext.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/met/ann_data.html , and https://guvit
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data were sourced from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html and https://l1.umd.edu/ , and https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ . , and O/N2 ratio data by: http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ , http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , http://acdb-ext.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/met/ann_data.html , and https://guvit
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Also, Dst, Kp, and O/N2 ratio data by: http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ , http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , http://acdb-ext.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/met/ann_data.html , and h
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data were sourced from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html and https://l1.umd.edu/ , and https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ . Also, Dst, Kp, and O/N2 ratio data by: http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ , http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html , http://acdb-ext.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/met/ann_data.html , and h
Authors=Abdelaziz, Ahmed; Ren, Xiaodong; Le, Xuan; Jinyuan, Chen; Mei, Dengkui; Zhang, Jinsheng; Zhang, Xiaohong;
Title=Ionospheric disturbances over the American sector during the May 2024 solar storm: flares and geomagnetic effects (May 9-15), 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.10.023, ID:38114890.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Space weather indices are from https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/aeasy/index.html and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Space weather indices are from https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/aeasy/index.html and https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . Appendix A Supplementary material Supplementary data to this a
Authors=Omojola, Joseph; Greer, Katelynn; Moeketsi, Daniel;
Title=Geospace response to May 2024 X-class flare and coronal mass ejection, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.036, ID:38114907.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =tic activity indices were taken from the OmniWeb database hosted by the NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facility 3 3 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The data for this study were sourced from NASAs OmniWeb database for interplanetary and geomagnetic indices, NASA GOLD mission for GOLD data, Hinode facility for solar X-ray irradiance, and C
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The interplanetary and geomagnetic activity indices were taken from the OmniWeb database hosted by the NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facility 3 3 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . e OmniWeb database hosted by the NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facility 3 3 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The data for this study were sourced from NASAs OmniWeb database for interplanetary and geomagnetic indices, NASA GOLD mission for GOLD data, Hinode facility for solar X-ray irradiance, and C
Authors=Mubashir, Arfa; Ashok, Ashwin; Connors, Megan; He, Xiaochun; Hettiarachchi, H. A. Tharindu G.; Martens, Petrus; Mudiyanselage, Enosh H.; Perera, Unil A. G.; Potdevin, Ernesto; Sadykov, Viacheslav M.; Sarsour, Murad; Savic, Mihailo; Veselinovic, Nikola;
Title=Time lag analysis of the space weather effects on muon and neutron flux at different geomagnetic cutoff rigidities, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.032, ID:38114910.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Both the solar wind and geomagnetic activity data have been obtained from the Low-Resolution OMNI NASA database ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =gnetic activity data have been obtained from the Low-Resolution OMNI NASA database ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The information about the events localized in time such as G
Authors=Rodkin, Denis; Lukmanov, Vladislav; Slemzin, Vladimir; Chashei, Igor;
Title=Observation and modeling of complex transient structure in heliosphere followed by geomagnetic storm on May 10-11, 2024, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.068, ID:38114911.
Keywords: spdf, omni, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface 7 7 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface 7 7 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =itor team for near-realtime and archived information on active regions and solar flares. The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface 7 7 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) = associated with geomagnetic storm on May 1011, 2024, we used solar wind parameters from the OMNI2 data set 1 1 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov containing hourly resolution solar wind magnetic of the storm dropped to 412 nT, and the recovery time was more than 3days. Using the hourly OMNI2 data, we identified in solar wind seven ICMEs associated with this magnetic storm ( Fig. 1 )
Sample usage ( BODY ) = associated with geomagnetic storm on May 1011, 2024, we used solar wind parameters from the OMNI2 data set 1 1 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov containing hourly resolution solar wind magnetic of the storm dropped to 412 nT, and the recovery time was more than 3days. Using the ho
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface 7 7 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface 7 7 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) = storm on May 1011, 2024, we used solar wind parameters from the OMNI2 data set 1 1 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov containing hourly resolution solar wind magnetic field and plasma data from m The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface 7 7 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface 7 7 https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Authors=Myint, Lin M. M.; Perwitasari, Septi; Nishioka, Michi; Saito, Susumu; Kaewthongrach, Rungnapa; Supnithi, Pornchai;
Title=Analysis of ionospheric and geomagnetic fields changes in Thailand during the May 2024 geomagnetic storm, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.01.071, ID:38114914.
Keywords: cdaweb, spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ectron Content (TEC) data from the International GNSS Service (IGS) network provided by the CDAWeb data service, along with equatorial electric field data estimated using the Equatorial Elec Besides locally collected GNSS data, we use rapid TEC global map data from the CDAWeb data service at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . NSS data, we use rapid TEC global map data from the CDAWeb data service at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . investigate storm-time formations of EIA using TEC data from the IGS global system via the CDAWeb database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). EIA using TEC data from the IGS global system via the CDAWeb database ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ature, and interplanetary electric field (IEF) using high-resolution OMNI data from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =solar wind speed, temperature, and interplanetary electric field (IEF) using high-resolution OMNI data from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) = and interplanetary electric field (IEF) using high-resolution OMNI data from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . sing high-resolution OMNI data from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Both interplanetary parameters were downloaded from the OMNIWeb database. Additionally, we examine the zonal component of the equatorial electric field (EEF Ey) estimates computed from the re
Authors=Chakali, Raja Sekhar; Devanaboyina, Venkata Ratnam;
Title=Performance evaluation of GNSS single-frequency ionospheric TEC fusion model during May 2024 geomagnetic storm event, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.082, ID:38114915.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =These parameters are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . Fig. 2 . The observed results revealed the solar and geomagnetic indices of the evaluated period from 8th
Sample usage ( BODY ) =These parameters are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html . Fig. 2 .
Authors=Bezerra, Lucas dos Santos; de Oliveira, Paulo Sergio; Krueger, Claudia Pereira;
Title=Performance analysis of multi-GNSS PPP under the effects of extreme geomagnetic event: A case study of Mother’s Day solar storm (10-15 May 2024), 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.036, ID:38114916.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The IMF B z and V sw were provided by NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service. Fig. 1 presents the time series of IMF B z , V sw , SYM-H, and Kp indices during the pre-storm i /en/data ); B z and V sw parameters can be found in NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). can be found in NASA/GSFCs Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ).
Authors=Chakali, Raja Sekhar; Devanaboyina, Venkata Ratnam;
Title=Comparative assessment of GNSS ionospheric broadcast models during the May 10, 2024 geomagnetic storm event, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.069, ID:38114922.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =During this investigation, Dst and Kp index data were obtained from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html . database to analyze their influence on the variation of Vertical Total Electr
Authors=Valach, Fridrich; Revallo, Milos; Koci, Eduard;
Title=Auroral-oval activity during the intense magnetic storm of May 2024 - Overcoming the underestimation of the AE index, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.03.052, ID:38114925.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb, vitmo
Sample usage ( ACK ) =IMF and solar wind velocity were obtained from OMNIWeb, which is operated by the Space Physics Data Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =IMF and solar wind velocity were obtained from OMNIWeb, which is operated by the Space Physics Data Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The data on IMF and solar wind velocity were obtained from OMNIWeb, which is operated by the Space Physics Data Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =apitashvili and Papitashvili, 2024 ), available via the internet address https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/cgm.html, which utilizes the DGRF/IGRF geomagnetic field models for epochs 1900202
Authors=Despirak, Irina; Setsko, Pavel; Lubchich, Andris; Sakharov, Yaroslav; Selivanov, Vasiliy;
Title=Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) during strong geomagnetic storm on 10-12 May 2024, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.081, ID:38114926.
Keywords: omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Papatashvili, the heads of the OMNI database of solar wind and IMF parameters. We thank the IMAGE network team for ground-based magnetometers data; the AMPERE team and the AMPERE Science Cen
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Papatashvili, the heads of the OMNI database of solar wind and IMF parameters. We thank the IMAGE network team for ground-based magnetometers data; the AMPERE team and the AMPERE Science Cen
Authors=Hiyadutuje, Alicreance; Bilitza, Dieter; Ojebisi, Temitope; Kelelue, Malkia; Degefa, Solomon; Webber, Kibrop;
Title=Assessment of the performance of the ‘s auroral oval boundary model as applied to the Mother’s Day G5 storm during 10-13 May 2024, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.003, ID:38114930.
Keywords: omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The IMF and geomagnetic indices data were obtained from the OMNI webpage at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The IMF and geomagnetic indices data were obtained from the OMNI webpage at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The IMF and geomagnetic indices data were obtained from the OMNI webpage at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The IMF and geomagnetic indices data were obtained from the OMNI webpage at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Appendix A Supplementary material Supplementary data to this article can be found
Authors=Kleimenova, Natalia; Gromova, Liudmila; Gromov, Sergey; Malysheva, Liudmila;
Title=Ground-based geomagnetic disturbances and Pi2 pulsations in the main phase of the superstorm on May 10, 2024, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.025, ID:38114931.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =or providing the Iridium derived data products and acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =or providing the Iridium derived data products and acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =roducts and acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and OMNI data.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =dium derived data products and acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service and OMNI data.
Authors=Biswas, T.; Paul, A.; Haldar, S.;
Title=Response of equatorial ionosphere to the geomagnetic superstorm of May 2024: Observations from the Indian longitudes, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.022, ID:38114937.
Keywords: space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors thankfully acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The authors thankfully acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors thankfully acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .). dge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =including solar wind, IMF B, B Z , and IEF E y, are investigated using hourly data from the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). nd IEF E y, are investigated using hourly data from the OMNIWeb database ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html ). The authors thankfully acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .). dge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .).
Authors=Zakharenkova, Irina; Cherniak, Iurii; Krankowski, Andrzej;
Title=Large-scale ionospheric hole, unusual ionospheric gradients and irregularities observed over South America during the May 2024 geomagnetic superstorm, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2025.08.069, ID:38114940.
Keywords: omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =he geophysical parameters data are available through NASA GSFC Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ), GFZPotsdam ( Matzka et al., 202 available through NASA GSFC Space Physics Data Facilitys OMNIWeb service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html ), GFZPotsdam ( Matzka et al., 2021 ) and SuperMAG ( https://supermag
