2024 Geophysical Research Letters Articles

Report generated on 02/04/2025 13:54:02

cdaweb was referenced in 28 papers
spdf was referenced in 19 papers
space physics data facility was referenced in 22 papers
omni was referenced in 50 papers
omni2 was referenced in 2 papers
omni-2 was referenced in 2 papers
omniweb was referenced in 32 papers
iri was referenced in 7 papers
international reference ionosphere was referenced in 6 papers

87 of 1754 possible papers ( 5% ) contained references to SPDF keywords

Papers:

Authors=Gan, Quan; Eastes, Richard W.; Wu, Yen-Jung; Qian, Liying; Cai, Xuguang; Wang, Wenbin; England, Scott L.; McClintock, William E.
Title=Thermospheric Responses to the 3 and 4 November 2021 Geomagnetic Storm During the Main and Recovery Phases as Observed by NASA’s GOLD and ICON Missions, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL106529, ID=26673078
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =ICON/MIGHTI v05 wind data are available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/l2/ . Geophysical forcing data are openly accessible via https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/low_res_omni/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The GOLD Level 2 data are available at the GOLD Science Data Center and at NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/gold/level2/on2/ .

Authors=Jun, C. -W.; Miyoshi, Y.; Nakamura, S.; Shoji, M.; Hori, T.; Bortnik, J.; Lyons, L.; Shinohara, I.; Matsuoka, A.
Title=A Triggering Process for Nonlinear EMIC Waves Driven by the Compression of the Dayside Magnetosphere, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL106860, ID=26673090
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind parameters and Dst index were obtained from the SPDF/Goddard Space Flight Center interface at http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We use the 5-min SYM-H, time-shifted solar wind parameters to the Earth’s bow shock nose (solar wind dynamic pressure; P dyn , solar wind speed, solar wind number density, and interplanetary magnetic field), and the AE index from the OMNI database. Using these parameters, we identified the geomagnetic conditions during the EMIC wave intervals.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind parameters and Dst index were obtained from the SPDF/Goddard Space Flight Center interface at http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Liou, Kan; Paxton, Larry; Zhang, Youngliang; Wolven, Brian; Schaefer, Robert
Title=Doppler Shifted Auroral Hydrogen Lyman-Alpha Spectra Observed by DMSP/SSUSI, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107241, ID=26673096
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =SSUSI : https://ssusi.jhuapl.edu to download the following file “PS.APL_V0109S027CE0019_SC.U_DI.A_GP.F16-SSUSI_PA.APL-SPECT-L1B_DD.20170528_SN.70215-00_DF.NC” or https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/ to download the following file “dmspf16_ssusi_spect-l1b_2017147T230025-2017148T004219REV70215_vA8.2.0r000.nc” SSJ-5 (Redmon et al., 2017): and click on “Access data” to download the data after filling in required info.

Authors=Kowal, Katherine M.; Slater, Louise J.; Li, Sihan; Kelder, Timo; Hall, Kyle J. C.; Moulds, Simon; Garcia-Lopez, Alan A.; Birkel, Christian
Title=Process-Informed Subsampling Improves Subseasonal Rainfall Forecasts in Central America, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL105891, ID=26673210
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:iri
Sample usage ( BODY ) =CHIRPS data (Funk et al., 2014) was accessed using the IRI Climate Data Library via the pyCPTv2 software package (Munoz et al., 2019).

Authors=Wang, Yan; Liu, Kaijun; Yao, Fei; Xiong, Ying
Title=Bicoherence Analysis of Oxygen Ion Cyclotron Harmonic Waves Observed by Van Allen Probes, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL105958, ID=26673215
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Van Allen Probes data used in this study are available from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp .

Authors=Xiong, Ya-Ting; Han, De-Sheng; Wang, Zhi-wei; Shi, Run; Feng, Hui-Ting
Title=Intermittent Lobe Reconnection Under Prolonged Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Condition: Insights From Cusp Spot Event Observations, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL106387, ID=26803086
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Besides, the solar wind and IMF data with 1 min time from OMNI in this study were provided by the Coordinated Data Analysis Web data service ( http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The event examined in this study occurred on 14 December 2012 from ~09:00 to 13:00 UT.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Additionally, the OMNI data set is available from the OMNIWeb service online of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/ ). The data reported in this paper are available in Xiong et al. ( 2023).

Authors=Liu, Z. -Y.; Zong, Q. -G.; Li, L.; Feng, Z. -J.; Sun, Y. -X.; Yu, X. -Q.; Wang, Y. -F.; Liu, J. -J.; Hu, Z. -J.
Title=The Impact of the South Atlantic Anomaly on the Aurora System, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107209, ID=27118289
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The DMSP/SSUSI data are archived at NASA’s CDAWeb ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/dmsp/dmspf17/ssusi/data/edr-aurora ). The SYM-H index is archived at NASA’s CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/omni_cdaweb/hro_1min/ ).

Authors=Wu, Zhiyong; Su, Zhenpeng; Zheng, Huinan; Wang, Yuming; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Shinohara, Iku; Matsuoka, Ayako; Kasahara, Yoshiya; Tsuchiya, Fuminori; Kumamoto, Atsushi; Matsuda, Shoya; Kasaba, Yasumasa; Teramoto, Mariko; Hori, Tomoaki
Title=Long Lifetime Hiss Rays in the Disturbed Plasmasphere, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107825, ID=27118387
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Van Allen Probes data are available at NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) Website ( 2023); THEMIS data are available at THEMIS mission GOES mission homepage ( 2023); GOES data are available at GOES mission SPEDAS homepage ( 2023); ERG (Arase) data are available at ERG Science Center ( 2023) operated by ISAS/JAXA and ISEE/Nagoya University (Miyoshi, Hori, et al., 2018); SYM-H and AE data are available at World Data Center (WDC) for Geomagnetism Website ( 2023).

Authors=Upadhyay, Kshitiz; Pallamraju, Duggirala
Title=First Daytime Red-Line Emission Measurements of the Stable Auroral Red (SAR) Arcs, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL106292, ID=27118411
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, omniweb, iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The daily geomagnetic indices data and solar flux data are obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html (King Papitashvili, 2005).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The GLOW model uses Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter (NRLMSIS-00) model atmosphere (Picone et al., 2002) and International Reference Ionosphere model (Bilitza, 1990) as inputs to estimate the O( 1 D) column emissions rates.

Authors=Rice, Rachel C.; Chen, Li-Jen; Gershman, Dan; Fuselier, Stephen A.; Burkholder, Brandon L.; Gurram, Harsha; Beedle, Jason; Shuster, Jason; Petrinec, Steven M.; Pollock, Craig; Cohen, Ian; Gabrielse, Christine; Escoubet, Philippe; Burch, James
Title=Dynamics of the Storm Time Magnetopause and Magnetosheath Boundary Layers: An MMS-THEMIS Conjunction, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL106600, ID=27118442
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data are from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center’s Space Physics Data Facility (Papitashvili King, 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Measurements are from the Magnetosphere Multiscale (MMS) (Burch et al., 2016) and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) (Angelopoulos, 2008) missions during the main phase of a geomagnetic storm with a sudden IMF change. Observations On 14 April 2022, OMNI recorded a decrease in sym-H characteristic of a geomagnetic storm (Figure 1a).

Authors=Ma, Longxing; Yu, Yiqun; Liu, Wenlong; Cao, Jinbin; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi
Title=Simulating the Ring Current Proton Dynamics in Response to Radial Diffusion by Ultra-Low-Frequency (ULF) Waves, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107326, ID=27466461
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The authors thank the OMNIweb ( 2023) from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for providing the solar wind/interplanetary field data and the Kyoto, Japan World Data Center System (JWDCS ( 2023)) for providing the SYM-H index.

Authors=Shuvalov, Sergey; Andersson, Laila; Halekas, Jasper S.; Fowler, Christopher M.; Hanley, Kathleen Gwen; DiBraccio, Gina
Title=Ionospheric Plasma Transported Into the Martian Magnetosheath, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107953, ID=27466525
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The paper utilizes the instrument’s survey rate omni-directional electron energy spectra (Version 4, Revisions 2-7) containing differential energy fluxes of electrons for 64 energy steps.

Authors=Burkholder, B. L.; Chen, L. -J.; Sarantos, M.; Gershman, D. J.; Argall, M. R.; Chen, Y.; Dong, C.; Wilder, F. D.; Le Contel, O.; Gurram, H.
Title=Global Magnetic Reconnection During Sustained Sub-Alfvenic Solar Wind Driving, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108311, ID=27466544
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb. We thank the team of the Center for Geospace Storms for providing the MAGE model.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =April 2023 Coronal Mass Ejection Figure 1 shows OMNIWeb (King Papitashvili, 2005) data from 17:00 UT 23 April 2023 to 17:00 April 24 (time units are in hours from 00:00 April 23).

Authors=Kim, Hyangpyo; Nakamura, Rumi; Connor, Hyunju K.; Zou, Ying; Plaschke, Ferdinand; Grimmich, Niklas; Walsh, Brian M.; McWilliams, Kathryn A.; Ruohoniemi, J. Michael
Title=Localized Magnetopause Erosion at Geosynchronous Orbit by Reconnection, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107085, ID=27466568
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The top three panels (Figures 1a-1c) present the IMF, solar wind dynamic pressure ( P sw ), and SYM-H index obtained from the OMNI data set. During a prolonged southward IMF period, strong pressure enhancements (12 and 17 nPa) and a SYM-H increase (20 nT) were observed after 16:50 UT, representing the sudden commencement phase of the geomagnetic storm.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind data are available through NASA OMNI web database at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .

Authors=Blum, L. W.; Bruno, A.; Capannolo, L.; Ma, Q.; Kataoka, R.; Torii, S.; Baishev, D.
Title=On the Spatial and Temporal Evolution of EMIC Wave-Driven Relativistic Electron Precipitation: Magnetically Conjugate Observations From the Van Allen Probes and CALET, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107087, ID=27466570
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Papatashvilli at AdnetSystems, NASA GSFC, and CDAWeb for the OMNI database.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data can be found at NASA’s CDAweb https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . CALET/CHD data are publicly available via DARTS at ISAS/JAXA: https://data.darts.isas.jaxa.jp/pub/calet/cal-v1.1/CHD/level1.1/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The Van Allen Probe data are available on through the EMFISIS and ECT websites: https://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/data/index and https://rbsp-ect.newmexicoconsortium.org/rbsp\_ect.php respectively. OMNI data can be found at NASA’s CDAweb https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Harding, Brian J.; Immel, Thomas J.; Mende, Stephen B.; Wu, Yen-Jung J.; Maute, Astrid; England, Scott L.; Heelis, Roderick A.; Forbes, Jeffrey M.; Englert, Christoph R.; Marr, Kenneth D.; Harlander, John M.; Makela, Jonathan J.; Frey, Sabine
Title=Day-To-Day Variability of the Neutral Wind Dynamo Observed by ICON: First Results From Conjugate Observations, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107110, ID=27466576
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement ICON data can be retrieved from the Space Physics Data Facility (Harding et al., 2023a, 2023b, 2023c, 2023d; Heelis, 2023).

Authors=Yamamoto, K.; Rubtsov, A. V.; Kostarev, D. V.; Mager, P. N.; Klimushkin, D. Yu.; Nose, M.; Matsuoka, A.; Asamura, K.; Miyoshi, Y.; Yokota, S.; Kasahara, S.; Hori, T.; Keika, K.; Kasahara, Y.; Kumamoto, A.; Tsuchiya, F.; Shoji, M.; Nakamura, S.; Shinohara, I.
Title=Direct Evidence of Drift-Compressional Wave Generation in the Earth’s Magnetosphere Detected by Arase, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107707, ID=27819967
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind and IMF data were obtained from the Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility OMNIWeb ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The AE index and SYM-H index were provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto et al. ( 2015, 2022) ( http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec3.html ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We calculated proton thermal pressure by combining the MEP-i measurements in the range 9.6-184.2 keV/q with LEP-i measurements between 64 eV/q and 6.1 keV/q, following the approach used by Menz et al. ( 2017) and Imajo et al. ( 2019). The OMNI Web database provided 1-min solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) data.

Authors=Drozdov, A. Y.; Allison, H. J.; Saikin, A. A.; Schiller, Q.; Wang, D.
Title=Distribution of Seed Electron Phase Space Density Minima in Earth’s Radiation Belts, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL108028, ID=27820252
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The authors used geomagnetic indices provided by OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The data to reproduce the figures are available at UCLA dataverse repository (Drozdov, 2023).

Authors=Yi, Siyang; Liu, Nigang; Xie, Yi; He, Zhaoguo; Yu, Jiang; Cui, Jun
Title=Frequency-Drifting Plasmaspheric Hiss: A Statistical Study From the Van Allen Probes Data, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108448, ID=27821025
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic index data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Van Allen Probes data are available at https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . Following data are used in this work: EMFISIS L2 WFR Cross Spectral Matrix data (Kletzing Smith, 2022), EMFISIS L2 HFR Electric Field Spectra data (Kletzing, 2022b), EMFISIS L3 Magnetometer data (Kletzing, 2022a), and EMFISIS L4 density data (Kurth et al., 2022).

Authors=Zhang, Ruilong; Liu, Libo; Chen, Yiding; Le, Huijun
Title=The Day-To-Day Variability of the Dayside Equatorial Ionospheric Plasma Drifts and Neutral Winds Observed by ICON, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108980, ID=27821413
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The ICON data are from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/l2/ . The Swarm B data are from https://swarm-diss.eo.esa.int/ .

Authors=Zhou, Yi-Jia; He, Fei; Archer, Martin O.; Zhang, Xiao-Xin; Hao, Y. X.; Yao, Zhong-Hua; Rong, Zhaojin; Wei, Yong
Title=Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Plasmapause Surface Wave During a Geomagnetic Storm on 16 July 2017, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109371, ID=27821480
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Lin et al., 1995) that has been time-shifted to Earth’s bow shock nose based on the OMNI database, as shown in Figure 1a-1f. 1 Figure Solar wind parameters and satellites’ trajectories on 16 July 2017.

Authors=Shen, Xiao-Chen; Li, Wen; Ma, Qianli; Qin, Murong; Capannolo, Luisa; Hanzelka, Miroslav; Huang, Sheng; Chu, Xiangning
Title=Large Amplitude Whistler Waves in Earth’s Plasmasphere and Plasmaspheric Plumes, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL105244, ID=27823212
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Data from the Van Allen Probes mission is publicly available at NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (RBSP team, 2012). The geomagnetic AE index is from Kyoto University (Nose et al., 2015).

Authors=Wang, Mengmeng; Liu, Terry Z.; Zhang, Hui; Liu, Kaijun; Shi, Quanqi; Guo, Ruilong; Tian, Anmin; Sun, Weijie; Shen, Xiao-Chen; Wu, Siyuan; Degeling, Alexander W.; Wang, Yan; Bai, Shi-Chen; Yao, Zhonghua; Li, Wenya; Zhang, Shuai; Pitkanen, Timo; Yao, Shutao; Liu, Ji; Cheng, Kun; Ma, Xiao; Liu, Yuqi
Title=Statistical Analysis of Whistler Precursors Upstream of Foreshock Transient Shocks: MMS Observations, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL105617, ID=27823288
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The Space Physics Data Facility was used for access to ion data from MMS 1 (Gershman et al., 2022a), electron data from MMS 1 (Gershman et al., 2022b), FGM data from MMS 1 (Russell et al., 2022) and SCM data from four MMS spacecraft (Le Contel et al., 2022a, 2022b, 2022c, 2022d), respectively.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(a) Magnetic field components in the GSE coordinates ( X , Y , and Z in blue, cyan, and magenta, respectively) and total magnitude (black) from the FGM instrument. (b) Ion omni-directional differential energy flux. (c) Ion (magenta) and electron (cyan) number densities.

Authors=Cantwell, Kelly; Millan, Robyn
Title=BARREL Observations of Microburst Events With a Slowly-Varying Component, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL106277, ID=28997890
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The data used for this study are the BARREL v10 calibrated l2 data products available through NASA Coordinated Data Analysis Web ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/ ).

Authors=Prasad, Abhinav; Li, Wen; Ma, Qianli; Shen, Xiao-Chen
Title=Whistler-Mode Wave Generation During Interplanetary Shock Events in the Earth’s Lunar Plasma Environment, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107392, ID=28997978
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The WIND magnetic field investigation data is publicly available at NASA Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) via https://doi.org/10.48322/av38-wn55 (Koval et al., 2021).

Authors=Hua, Man; Bortnik, Jacob; Ma, Donglai
Title=Machine-Learning Based Identification of the Critical Driving Factors Controlling Storm-Time Outer Radiation Belt Electron Flux Dropouts, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108268, ID=28998013
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments We acknowledge the Van Allen Probes mission, particularly the ECT team for providing the particle data. We gratefully acknowledge the OMNI team and SuperMAG collaborators. The authors gratefully acknowledge subgrant 1559841 to the University of California, Los Angeles, from the University of Colorado Boulder under NASA Prime Grant agreement 80NSSC20K1580 and NSF GEM award 2025706 and 2247255.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We adopt SYM-H, AE, P SW , solar wind density ( N P ) and speed ( V SW ) at 1-min resolution from OMNI data. Model Description The SVM model, first presented in 1995 (Cortes Vapnik, 1995), has gained great popularity in various applications including remote sensing (Mountrakis et al., 2011), predictions of renewable energy sources (Zendehboudi et al., 2018), and disease diagnosis (Wang et al., 2021) due to its speed and accuracy in solving nonlinear problems with high-dimensional spaces and its robustness when only limited reference data is provided, which is often the case in the real-world problems.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic indices were obtained from the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ). The SuperMAG SME index was obtained from ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu ).

Authors=Le, Guan; Liu, Guiping; Yizengaw, Endawoke; Wu, Chin-Chun; Zheng, Yihua; Vines, Sarah; Buzulukova, Natalia
Title=Responses of Field-Aligned Currents and Equatorial Electrojet to Sudden Decrease of Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure During the March 2023 Geomagnetic Storm, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109427, ID=28998039
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Figure 1 shows 1-min resolution OMNI data for the IMF and solar wind parameters along with ground-based SYM-H index for 23-25 March 2023.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The OMNI data are available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . The JICA and PIUR magnetometer data are available at Yizengaw ( 2024).

Authors=Ma, Donglai; Bortnik, Jacob; Ma, Qianli; Hua, Man; Chu, Xiangning
Title=Simulating the Earth’s Outer Radiation Belt Electron Fluxes and Their Upper Limit: A Unified Physics-Based Model Driven by the AL Index, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109169, ID=28998166
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We use the integral hourly AL index value obtained from the OMNI data set summed over the previous 3 hr as the driver for each hourly step to model the wave amplitude and density profile.

Authors=Babu, S. S.; Mann, I. R.; Dimitrakoudis, S.; Ozeke, L. G.; Rae, I. J.; Forsyth, C.; Smith, A. W.
Title=Evolution of Energetic Proton Parallel Pressure Anisotropy at Geosynchronous Altitudes: Potential Role in Triggering Substorm Expansion Phase Onset, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL105660, ID=29096966
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We used the modified high-resolution 1-min average OMNI data (King Papitashvili, 2005). Interestingly, Figure 1b shows strong evidence of a northward turning IMF in the ensemble of substorm onsets, with the superposed mean, median, and lower and upper quartiles all showing the same trend toward more positive (less negative) GSM B z at epoch zero.

Authors=Zhang, Dianjun; Liu, Wenlong; Li, Xinlin; Sarris, Theodore E.; Hao, Yiwei; Zhang, Zhao
Title=Surfing Acceleration of Radiation Belt Relativistic Electrons Induced by the Propagation of Interplanetary Shock, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109285, ID=29096976
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =From top to bottom, (e) SYM-H index obtained from OMNI database. Orange vertical dashed line marks the arrival of IPS at the Earth’s magnetosphere.

Authors=Chen, Huayue; Wang, Xueyi; Chen, Lunjin; Zhang, Xiao-Jia; Omura, Yoshiharu; Chen, Rui; Hsieh, Yi-Kai; Lin, Yu; Xia, Zhiyang
Title=Nonlinear Electron Trapping Through Cyclotron Resonance in the Formation of Chorus Subpackets, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109481, ID=29097005
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement All the data from Van Allen Probes were from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp/ . The simulation data are available in H. Chen ( 2024).

Authors=Vidal-Luengo, Sergio E.; Blum, Lauren W.; Bruno, Alessandro; Guzik, T. Gregory; de Nolfo, Georgia; Ficklin, Anthony W.; Kataoka, Ryuho; Torii, Shoji
Title=Comparative Observations of the Outer Belt Electron Fluxes and Precipitated Relativistic Electrons, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109673, ID=29097042
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI 1-min Data, Solar wind flow speed. NASA Space Physics Data Facility, Papitashvili and King ( 2020a), https://doi.org/10.48322/45bb-8792 . OMNI Hourly Data, F10.7 Index. NASA Space Physics Data Facility, Papitashvili and King ( 2020b), https://doi.org/10.48322/1shr-ht18 .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In addition to the relativistic electron data, 1-min solar wind from OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020a), and 1-hr F10.7 OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020b) is used to asses the solar activity conditions.

Authors=Kataoka, Ryuho; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Shiokawa, Kazuo; Nishitani, Nozomu; Keika, Kunihiro; Amano, Takanobu; Seki, Kanako
Title=Magnetic Storm-Time Red Aurora as Seen From Hokkaido, Japan on 1 December 2023 Associated With High-Density Solar Wind, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108778, ID=29097095
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The MetOp3 TED and MEPED data were obtained from CDAWeb ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The magnetometer and photometer data in Figure 4 and Figure S2 in Supporting Information S1 are available at the ERG Science Center ( https://ergsc.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/ , Shiokawa Otsuka, 2023a, 2023b) and the OMTI website ( https://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/omti/ ).
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments This work was done by the cooperation of many citizen scientists via X (Twitter), including KAGAYA, Kazuma Saito, Akihiro Takimoto, Kohei Nagira, Yasuo Sano, and Satoru Fukushima. We thank the use of OMNI-2 1 min data via OMNIWeb and the MetOp3 data via NOAA/NCEI. We thank the use of geomagnetic activity indices published from the WDC Kyoto University.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =More specifically, the magnetic storm on 1 December 2023 was caused by the Earth’s arrival of the CME-related interplanetary shock at ~09:30 UT, and the strongly compressed solar wind in the shock downstream played the essential role to enhance the geomagnetic activities. Figure 2 shows the OMNI-2 1-min solar wind data and the SYM-H index. The shock arrival at the magnetopause was at ~09:30 UT.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank the use of OMNI-2 1 min data via OMNIWeb and the MetOp3 data via NOAA/NCEI. We thank the use of geomagnetic activity indices published from the WDC Kyoto University.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The OMNI-2 1 min data is available from the OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ). SYM-H, ASYM-H, and ASYM-D indices were obtained from WDC Kyoto University ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/aeasy/index.html ).

Authors=Goyal, R.; Zhao, H.; Califf, S.; Goldstein, J.; Sarris, T. E.
Title=Role of Subauroral Polarization Streams in Deep Injections of Energetic Electrons Into the Inner Magnetosphere, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108863, ID=29097115
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Dst index is available at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . Van Allen Probes (MagEIS) data are publicly available at https://rbsp-ect.newmexicoconsortium.org/science/DataDirectories.php (Blake et al., 2013; Claudepierre et al., 2021).

Authors=Wang, Shimou; Wang, Rongsheng; Lu, Quanming; Lu, San; Huang, Kai
Title=Direct Observation of Magnetic Reconnection Resulting From Interaction Between Magnetic Flux Rope and Magnetic Hole in the Earth’s Magnetosheath, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107968, ID=29097172
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data are available at NASA’s SPDF OMNIWeb Service ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The general profile of magnetic field variation in the magnetosheath was almost identical to that observed in the solar wind (Figure 1h), with about 7 min delay relative to the OMNI observations, which are solar wind conditions at the nose of the bow shock.

Authors=Liu, Z. -Y.; Zong, Q. -G.; Zhou, X. -Z.; Fu, S. -Y.; Hu, Z. -J.; Liu, J. -J.; Yue, C.
Title=Single-Hemisphere Oxygen Outflow From Earth’s Subauroral Zone, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109669, ID=29534106
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement We acknowledge the use of NASA CDAWeb (Funsten, 2022) for obtaining Van Allen Probes (VAP) data, including oxygen data from the Helium Oxygen Proton Electron (HOPE) Mass Spectrometer and field data from the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =To investigate whether it is the case here, we trace ion bounce motion (Roederer Zhang, 2016) along the magnetic field lines connecting with the spacecraft with a model magnetosphere (IGRF, Alken et al., 2021 plus T96, Tsyganenko Stern, 1996; the OMNI data set is used to drive the models), and calculate the arrival time ( t sc ) of oxygen ions of different energy launched at the ionospheric altitude (1,000 km) to the spacecraft using the formula 1 t s c = t 0 + l i l s c d s v || = t 0 + l i l s c 2 E m 1 - B ( s ) B s c sin 2 a s c - 1 / 2 d s , ${t}_{s}c={t}_{0}+\int \nolimits_{{\lambda }_{i}}^{{\lambda }_{sc}}\frac{ds}{{v}_{\Vert }}={t}_{0}+\int \nolimits_{{\lambda }_{i}}^{{\lambda }_{sc}}{\left.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =As an illustration, Figure S4 in Supporting Information S1 shows the number density of ionospheric oxygen ions given by the International Reference Ionosphere model. The results clearly exhibit a summer-winter asymmetry.

Authors=Beedle, J. M. H.; Chen, L. -J.; Shuster, J. R.; Gurram, H.; Gershman, D. J.; Chen, Y.; Rice, R. C.; Burkholder, B. L.; Ardakani, A. S.; Genestreti, K. J.; Torbert, R. B.
Title=Field-Aligned Current Structures During the Terrestrial Magnetosphere’s Transformation Into Alfven Wings and Recovery, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL10883910.48550/arXiv.2402.16895, ID=29534107
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(a) Availability of Burst and Fast mode data across the timeframe (the Burst mode data is plotted inside the light gray sections, while the Fast mode data populates the rest of the graph), (b) the magnetic field magnitude and components in GSE coordinates, (c, d) ion and electron omni directional spectrograms, (e) ion and electron number densities, (f, g) ion and electron velocities in GSE coordinates, (h) ion perpendicular and parallel temperature, (i) electron perpendicular and parallel temperature.

Authors=Chen, Li-Jen; Gershman, Daniel; Burkholder, Brandon; Chen, Yuxi; Sarantos, Menelaos; Jian, Lan; Drake, James; Dong, Chuanfei; Gurram, Harsha; Shuster, Jason; Graham, Daniel B.; Le Contel, Olivier; Schwartz, Steven J.; Fuselier, Stephen; Madanian, Hadi; Pollock, Craig; Liang, Haoming; Argall, Matthew; Denton, Richard E.; Rice, Rachel; Beedle, Jason; Genestreti, Kevin; Ardakani, Akhtar; Stanier, Adam; Le, Ari; Ng, Jonathan; Bessho, Naoki; Pandya, Megha; Wilder, Frederick; Gabrielse, Christine; Cohen, Ian; Wei, Hanying; Russell, Christopher T.; Ergun, Robert; Torbert, Roy; Burch, James
Title=Earth’s Alfven Wings Driven by the April 2023 Coronal Mass Ejection, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL10889410.48550/arXiv.2402.08091, ID=29534114
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement MMS data are publicly available at the MMS Science Data Center (MMS, 2022), and Wind, OMNI, and THEMIS B data at the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF, 2024). The data analysis software (PySPEDAS, 2024), simulation model (SWMF, 2024), and simulation input and output files (MHDdata, 2023) are publicly accessible.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The presented magnetic fields are measured by the Flux Gate Magnetometer (Russell et al., 2016), thermal plasma Fast Plasma Investigation (Pollock et al., 2016), and nonthermal particles Fly’s Eye Energetic Particles spectrometers (Blake et al., 2016) onboard MMS2. Additional data from OMNI (King Papitashvili, 2005), Wind spacecraft at Lagrange point 1 (Lepping et al., 1995), and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft B (Angelopoulos, 2008) are presented to provide the context.

Authors=Zhong, Yunfang; Wang, Hui; Zhang, Kedeng; Xia, Hao; Sun, Yu; Wang, Chengzhi; Cheng, Qihang
Title=Responses of Ionospheric F Layer Radial Current to Substorms During Sawtooth Events, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109809, ID=29534135
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field data are from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/high\_res\_omni/ ).

Authors=Shi, Xiaofei; An, Xin; Artemyev, Anton; Zhang, Xiao-Jia; Mourenas, Didier; Angelopoulos, Vassilis
Title=Inclusion of Nonresonant Effects Into Quasi-Linear Diffusion Rates for Electron Scattering by Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109996, ID=29534157
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Waves measured by Van Allen probe are available in https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . Data analysis was done using SPEDAS V4.1 (Angelopoulos et al., 2019).

Authors=Patgiri, D.; Rathi, R.; Yadav, V.; Chakrabarty, D.; Sunil Krishna, M. V.; Kannaujiya, S.; Pavan Chaitanya, P.; Patra, A. K.; Liu, Jann-Yenq; Sarkhel, S.
Title=A Rare Simultaneous Detection of a Mid-Latitude Plasma Depleted Structure in O(1D) 630.0 and O(1S) 557.7 nm All-Sky Airglow Images on a Geomagnetically Quiet Night, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL10690010.48550/arXiv.2404.02603, ID=29534182
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, spdf, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We have also used IGS global VTEC data obtained from SPDF CDAWeb that are generated using kriging interpolation (15-min resolution) to regional VTEC (Orus et al., 2005).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =F 10.7 index data are downloaded from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.html .

Authors=Peterson, W. K.; Brain, D. A.; Schnepf, N. R.; Dong, Y.; Chamberlin, P.; Yau, A. W.
Title=Atmospheric Escape From Earth and Mars: Response to Solar and Solar Wind Drivers of Oxygen Escape, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107675, ID=29534188
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Peterson ( 2005) and available from NASA CDAWEB (Candey Kovolick, 2024). The IMP 8 data from which the S and K indices are described by King and Papitashvili ( 2004) and Papitashvili and Caney ( 2024).

Authors=Zou, Ying; Zhang, Xiao-Jia; Artemyev, Anton V.; Shen, Yangyang; Angelopoulos, Vassilis
Title=The Key Role of Magnetic Curvature Scattering in Energetic Electron Precipitation During Substorms, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109227, ID=29534201
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =To determine the entire precipitation spectrum, we combine ELFIN measurements (>50 keV) with the OVATION prime model (Newell et al., 2002, 2014) providing 30 keV flux parameters for OMNI database input (King Papitashvili, 2005). For each ELFIN orbit from Figure 2 we obtain a kappa (power-law) distribution function for 30 keV precipitating electrons (see Khazanov et al., 2018, 2021) and fit this distribution and the ELFIN spectra by a single kappa function to cover the gap [30,50]keV.

Authors=Allegrini, F.; Saur, J.; Szalay, J. R.; Ebert, R. W.; Kurth, W. S.; Cervantes, S.; Smith, H. T.; Bagenal, F.; Bolton, S. J.; Clark, G.; Connerney, J. E. P.; Louarn, P.; Mauk, B.; McComas, D. J.; Pontoni, A.; Sarkango, Y.; Valek, P.; Wilson, R. J.
Title=Electron Beams at Europa, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108422, ID=29534202
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =They are also energetically different from the electron beams (that peak around 2-3 keV) that cause the Europa footprint aurora in Jupiter’s atmosphere (Allegrini, Gladstone, et al., 2020; Rabia et al., 2023). 3 Figure The field aligned electron beams have higher intensities than Jupiter’s plasma disk in the near vicinity of Europa and the angular width of the beams is about 50deg. (a) 15-s averages of the omni-directional differential number flux (or intensity). The color coding of the spectra is according to the distance from the center of the geometrical wake (scale on top of Figure 2a).

Authors=Nowrouzi, N.; Walsh, B. M.
Title=Interhemispheric Asymmetry in the Seasonal Ionospheric Outflow, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108556, ID=29534229
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The tilt angle and mapped outflow flux were calculated using the Geopack software (Korth, 2022), and the solar activity level during local seasons was measured using the OMNI data set (Papitashvili King, 2020).

Authors=Hua, Man; Bortnik, Jacob
Title=Upper Limit of Outer Belt Electron Acceleration and Their Controlling Geomagnetic Conditions: A Comparison of Storm and Non-Storm Events, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109612, ID=29534260
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments We acknowledge the Van Allen Probes mission, particularly the ECT team for providing the particle data and EMFISIS team for providing the electron density data. We gratefully acknowledge the OMNI team. The authors gratefully acknowledge subgrant 1559841 to the University of California, Los Angeles, from the University of Colorado Boulder under NASA Prime Grant agreement 80NSSC20K1580 and NSF GEM award 2025706 and 2247255.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We adopted the storm index (SYM-H) and substorm index (AL) at 1-min resolution from the OMNI data set. To comprehensively examine the statistical distributions of outer belt electron acceleration events and their upper limit, we analyze all the electron acceleration events across energies of 300 keV-10 MeV over L = 2.0-6.5 during 2013-2018 regardless of storm activity.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic indices were obtained from the OMNI data set ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html ). The source data used to produce figures in the present study are publicly available at (Hua Bortnik, 2024).

Authors=Evans, J. S.; Correira, J.; Lumpe, J. D.; Eastes, R. W.; Gan, Q.; Laskar, F. I.; Aryal, S.; Wang, W.; Burns, A. G.; Beland, S.; Cai, X.; Codrescu, M.; England, S.; Greer, K.; Krywonos, A.; McClintock, W. E.; Plummer, T.; Veibell, V.
Title=GOLD Observations of the Thermospheric Response to the 10-12 May 2024 Gannon Superstorm, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110506, ID=30743522
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, space physics data facility
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement GOLD Level 1C DAY and Level 2 ON2 and TDISK data used in this paper can be obtained at the GOLD website, https://gold.cs.ucf.edu/search/ , and NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF), https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/gold/ . GOLD data products are described in the GOLD Science Data Products Guide and the GOLD Release Notes, both of which are available at: https://gold.cs.ucf.edu/data/documentation .

Authors=Jenner, M.; Coisson, P.; Hulot, G.; Buresova, D.; Truhlik, V.; Chauvet, L.
Title=Total Root Electron Content: A New Metric for the Ionosphere Below Low Earth Orbiting Satellites, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110559, ID=30743524
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =It uses ionospheric profiles, starting at 90 km of altitude, provided by the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model IRI-2016 (Bilitza et al., 2017), set up with its default options under the appropriate solar and ionospheric climatological conditions at the location and time of the whistler detection.

Authors=Tippett, Michael K.; Becker, Emily J.
Title=Trends, Skill, and Sources of Skill in Initialized Climate Forecasts of Global Mean Temperature, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110703, ID=30743530
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:iri
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement NMME data are available from the IRI Data Library https://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/SOURCES/.Models/.NMME/ .

Authors=Sorathia, K. A.; Shumko, M.; Sciola, A.; Michael, A.; Merkin, V. G.; Gallardo-Lacourt, B.; Henderson, M. G.; Lin, D.; Bao, S.; Garretson, J.; Ukhorskiy, A. Y.
Title=Identifying the Magnetospheric Drivers of Giant Undulations: Global Modeling of the Evolving Inner Magnetosphere and Its Auroral Manifestations, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110772, ID=30743532
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We gratefully acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data as well as data provided by THEMIS ASI and DMSP SSUSI.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We discuss this further below, but in short we attribute this to model inaccuracies in the pre-storm inner magnetosphere and plasma sheet which are most prominent early in the storm as well as the reliance on interpolated solar wind data to fill in gaps in the OMNI data set near the SSC (Figure S2 in Supporting Information S1).

Authors=Manshour, P.; Papadimitriou, C.; Balasis, G.; Palus, M.
Title=Causal Inference in the Outer Radiation Belt: Evidence for Local Acceleration, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL107166, ID=30743557
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The electron flux data are accompanied by daily-averaged solar wind parameters from NASA’s space physics data facility OMNIWeb (Papitashvili King, 2020) via https://doi.org/10.48322/5fmx-hv56 , as well as with daily averaged values of the typically used geomagnetic activity indices which were also retrieved from the same source.

Authors=Nowrouzi, N.; Kistler, L. M.; Zhao, K.; Lund, E. J.; Mouikis, C.; Payne, G.; Klecker, B.
Title=Differences in Ionospheric O+ and H+ Outflow During Storms With and Without Sawtooth Oscillations, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109551, ID=30743571
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar activity level and Dst data were measured using the OMNI data set (Papitashvili King, 2020), in which the Dst index was provided by the World Data Center (WDC) for Geomagnetism (Nose et al., 2015).

Authors=Hu, Lianhuan; Li, Guozhu; Ning, Baiqi; Dai, Guofeng; Sun, Wenjie; Zhao, Xiukuan; Xie, Haiyong; Li, Yi; Xiong, Bo; Li, Yu; Nishioka, Michi; Perwitasari, Septi
Title=Extremely Long-Range Observations of Ionospheric Irregularities in a Large Longitude Zone From Pacific to Africa Using a Low Latitude Over-The-Horizon Radar in China, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109579, ID=30743576
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The SYM-H, and IMF Bz indices from the OMNIWeb ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html ), Kp index from GFZ ( https://kp.gfz-potsdam.de/en/data ), and the Dst and AE indices from the WDC for Geomagnetism ( https://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec3.html ) are publicly available.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =The authors thank IGS, RING, GEONET, AFREF, CMONOC and Chinese Meridian Project for sharing the GNSS data, DIDBase and NICT for sharing ionosonde data, OMNIWeb, GFZ and WDC for Geomagnetism for sharing the geomagnetic indices.

Authors=Gershman, Daniel J.; DiBraccio, Gina A.
Title=Quantifying External Energy Inputs for Giant Planet Magnetospheres, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109660, ID=30743587
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We gratefully acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s CDAWeb service that provided OMNI COHO and TIMED/SEE data. Sunspot data were obtained from the WDC-SILSO, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Upstream Solar Wind Parameters For the solar wind, we obtained hourly near-Earth OMNI data of both plasma and magnetic field parameters (Papitashvili King, 2020).

Authors=Cribb, V.; Pulkkinen, T. I.; Kepko, L.; Gallardo-Lacourt, B.; Donovan, E.
Title=Solar Wind Drivers of Auroral Omega Bands, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109756, ID=30743597
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We thank Steve Morley for the SpacePy library (Niehof et al., 2022) used in the superposed epoch analysis. We acknowledge NASA CDAWeb for providing access to OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020) is available through CDAWeb at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html and was accessed on 24 December 2023.
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge NASA CDAWeb for providing access to OMNI data (Papitashvili King, 2020).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =One-minute solar wind, ring current, and partial ring current measurements were obtained from the NASA OMNI data set (Papitashvili King, 2020). One-minute upper (SMU) and lower (SML) electrojet indices and local ring current data (SMR) were taken by SuperMAG ground stations (Gjerloev, 2012).
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =We perform a superposed epoch analysis of OMNI and SuperMAG measurements taken during 28 omega band events recorded by auroral all-sky imager observations from 2006 to 2013 to identify their solar wind drivers.

Authors=Lu, Xi; Otto, Antonius; Zhang, Hui; Liu, Terry; Chen, Xingran
Title=Observations and Simulations of a Double-Core Hot Flow Anomaly, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110363, ID=31167874
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =OMNI data are available at NASA’s Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The simulation model is from Otto and Zhang ( 2021).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For the solar wind part, the calculation based on the OMNI parameters is also shown as a reference in the entropy panel. The 2D MHD model is based on the total energy density conservation w tot t = - * 1 2 r u 2 + g p g - 1 + 1 m 0 B 2 u - u * B m 0 B - e m 0 j x B $\frac{{\partial w}_{\text{tot}}}{\partial t}=-\nabla \cdot \left[\left(\frac{1}{2}\rho {u}^{2}+\frac{\gamma p}{\gamma -1}+\frac{1}{{\mu }_{0}}{B}^{2}\right)\boldsymbol{u}-\frac{\boldsymbol{u}\cdot \boldsymbol{B}}{{\mu }_{0}}\boldsymbol{B}-\frac{\eta }{{\mu }_{0}}\boldsymbol{j}\times \boldsymbol{B}\right]$ and solves a full set of resistive MHD equations (Otto Zhang, 2021).

Authors=Lin, Dong; Wang, Wenbin; Fok, Mei-Ching; Pham, Kevin; Yue, Jia; Wu, Haonan
Title=SubAuroral Red Arcs Generated by Inner Magnetospheric Heat Flux and by SubAuroral Polarization Streams, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109617, ID=31167876
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The RBSP data was obtained from NASA CDAWeb https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The CIMI and TIEGCM data set for this work can be accessed from Lin et al. ( 2024).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Results and Analysis Inner Magnetospheric Electron Heat Flux Figures 1a and 1b show the omni-directional differential flux of protons (H+), and oxygen ions (O+) measured by RBSP-B/HOPE on 1 June 2013.

Authors=Luo, Zhekai; Xie, Lun; Fu, Suiyan; Pu, Zuyin; Zhou, Xuzhi; Zhao, X. X.
Title=Separation of Electron Flux in Pitch Angle Distribution During the Drift Echo Event and Shabansky Orbits Effect, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL109678, ID=31167884
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The geomagnetic indices utilized in this study are obtained from OMNIWeb and can be accessed from https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The program of the model in this study is publicly available at Luo et al. ( 2024).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Figures 1a-1c respectively display the dynamic pressure of the solar wind, Auroral Electrojet (AE) index and Sym-H index around this event with the OMNI database (King Papitashvili, 2005). At around 23:53, the dynamic pressure increased to ~10 nT and the Sym-H index increased to 40 nT, indicating the arrival of an interplanetary shock that strongly compressed the magnetosphere.

Authors=Laitinen, J.; Holappa, L.; Vanhamaki, H.
Title=The Polarity of IMF By Strongly Modulates Particle Precipitation During High-Speed Streams, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110877, ID=31167940
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omni2, omni-2, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For the SPE analysis, we use the solar wind structure list by Richardson and Cane ( 2012) who classified the solar wind data from the OMNI database into three basic flow types: slow solar wind, HSSs from CHs, and transient flows related to coronal mass ejections (CMEs).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The solar wind data was downloaded from the OMNI2 database ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The SML $\mathit{SML}$ index and SOPHIE substorm list were downloaded from the SuperMAG website ( https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices and https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/substorms/ ).

Authors=Voshchepynets, A.; Agapitov, O. V.; Mourenas, D.; Artemyev, A.; Hlebena, M.; Bryla, A.
Title=Latitudinal Mapping of Chorus Waves Growth Rates Based on Multi-Spacecraft Wave and Plasma Measurements, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110539, ID=31596663
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Cluster FGM magnetic field data, Cluster WBD electric field waveform data, Cluster STAFF-SA spectral data for magnetic and electric field, and Cluster PEACE electron distribution data used in this study are publicly available at Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb): https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ .

Authors=Gallardo-Lacourt, B.; Nishimura, Y.; Kepko, L.; Spanswick, E. L.; Gillies, D. M.; Knudsen, D. J.; Burchill, J. K.; Skone, S. H.; Pinto, V. A.; Chaddock, D.; Kuzub, J.; Donovan, E. F.
Title=Unexpected STEVE Observations at High Latitude During Quiet Geomagnetic Conditions, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110568, ID=31596667
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =DMSP data can be obtained here https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . To download the SuperDARN and DMSP data, readers need to select the event date (2023-03-27) and click “Download” to generate the files.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data were obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface and can be acquired at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind conditions are from the OMNI database, while the SML index was obtained from the SuperMAG data set (Gjerloev, 2012). We utilize the 1-min OMNI data set (King Papitashvili, 2005), which includes bow shock nose-shifted solar wind magnetic field and plasma data from Wind and ACE satellites.

Authors=Khazanov, George V.; Kang, Suk-Bin; Glocer, Alex
Title=Inertia of Ionospheric Conductance During Electron Precipitation Events, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110813, ID=31596708
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) electron density (dashed) is the initial condition of SPEAH-RIT simulation.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Figure 2a presents validation of the SPEAH-RIT code showing altitudinal profiles of electron density calculated by SPEAH-RIT (black) on 9 March 2005 at 11:06 UT at Sondrestrom (67 N, 129 W), compared to the electron density measured by Incoherent Scattering Radar (ISR) observation (red). International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) electron density (dashed) is the initial condition of SPEAH-RIT simulation.

Authors=Themens, David R.; Elvidge, Sean; McCaffrey, Anthony; Jayachandran, P. T.; Coster, Anthea; Varney, Roger H.; Galkin, Ivan; Goodwin, Lindsay V.; Watson, Chris; Maguire, Sophie; Kavanagh, Andrew J.; Zhang, Shun-Rong; Goncharenko, Larisa; Bhatt, Asti; Dorrian, Gareth; Groves, Keith; Wood, Alan G.; Reid, Ben
Title=The High Latitude Ionospheric Response to the Major May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm: A Synoptic View, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL11167710.22541/essoar.172253000.02920937/v1, ID=31596754
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb (or CDAWeb or ftp) service, and OMNI data. These four data sets were accessed via the University of Colorado’s Space Weather Technology, Research, and Education Center’s ( https://colorado.edu/spaceweather ) Space Weather Data Portal ( https://lasp.colorado.edu/space-weather-portal ) (University of Colorado Boulder and Space Weather Technology, Research, and Education Center, 2019).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In terms of IMF, particularly notable features are the largest excursions in Bz reaching -40.4, -43.4, -47.9, -38.7, and -39.6 nT at 1807UT (tenth), 2212UT (tenth), 0036UT (eleventh), 0607UT (eleventh), and 0928UT (eleventh), respectively, and the substantial 132.7 nT shift in IMF By beginning at 2230UT and stabilizing at 2248UT on May 10th. 1 Figure (a) Kp Index (black) and Dst (red) for the May 10-11, 2024 period. (b) Corresponding OMNI-shifted IMF Bx (red), By (blue), and Bz (black) in GSM coordinates.

Authors=Zhang, Jian; Guo, Jingnan; Zhang, Yongjie; Cao, Yihang; Dobynde, Mikhail I.; Li, Cunhui; Yu, Yuhong; Wang, Yuming; Tang, Shuwen; Qian, Yi; Zhao, Hongyun; Sun, Zhiyu; Wang, Yi; Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F.
Title=The 2022 February 15 Solar Energetic Particle Event at Mars: A Synergistic Study Combining Multiple Radiation Detectors on the Surface and in Orbit of Mars With Models, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111775, ID=31596756
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement We acknowledge the following data sources: TGO/Liulin-MO ( http://esa-pro.space.bas.bg/datasources ), MSL/RAD and MSL/REMS from NASA planetary data systems ( https://pds-ppi.igpp.ucla.edu/collection/MSL-M-RAD-2-EDR-V1.0:CALIBRATION for RAD; https://atmos.nmsu.edu/PDS/data/mslrem\_1001/DATA/ for REMS), MAVEN from Coordinated Data Analysis Web ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) and TW-1 mission data provided by the China National Space Administration (CNSA, https://moon.bao.ac.cn/ ).

Authors=Yue, Xinan; Wang, Junyi; Wang, Yonghui; Cai, Yihui; Ding, Feng; Zhang, Ning; Li, Mingyuan; Ning, Baiqi; Chau, Jorge Luis
Title=First Detection of the Enigmatic Low Latitude 150-km Echoes in the UHF Band, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110344, ID=31596791
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The space weather indices are derived from OMNIWeb database ( http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The IGRF model was obtained from the website: https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/IAGA/vmod/igrf.html .

Authors=Fu, Shiqi; Zhang, Binzheng; Lei, Jiuhou; Lotko, William; Yang, Ziyi; Dang, Tong; Luan, Xiaoli
Title=What Controls the Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry of Dayside Alfvenic Power: Interplanetary Magnetic Field or Ionospheric Conductance?, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112011, ID=31609362
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =For the 1-year statistics of the downward Alfven Poynting flux derived from the Polar satellite measurements by Keiling et al. ( 2002), we found on average that IMF B y -0.11 nT, while the average value of IMF B y for 6-year statistics of the downward Alfven power during storm periods (disturbance storm time index Dst -40 nT) from the Polar satellite (Keiling et al., 2019) is 0.79 nT (Determination from OMNI_LRO_1DAY data at the NASA CDAWeb portal https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). In light of the simulation results described above, the average values of IMF B y during the 1-year and 6-year Polar measurement periods suggest that more Alfvenic power would be generated in the postnoon or prenoon sector as observed.

Authors=Nykyri, Katariina
Title=Giant Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) Waves at the Boundary Layer of the Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) Responsible for the Largest Geomagnetic Storm in 20 Years, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL11047710.22541/au.172167325.56732728/v2, ID=31609368
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement All the data used in this study is from NASA’s ARTEMIS 2 spacecraft (THEMIS-C) and MMS-1 flux gate magnetometer which are publicly available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . The data was plotted and analyzed using Space Physics Environment Data Analysis Software (SPEDAS) (Angelopoulos et al., 2019).

Authors=Yang, Ziyi; Zhang, Binzheng; Lei, Jiuhou; Lotko, William
Title=Why Doesn’t the Observed Field-Aligned Current Saturate With Increasing Interplanetary Electric Field?, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL110037, ID=31665198
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We reviewed the OMNI_HRO_5MIN data available at the NASA CDAWeb portal ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for SW M A recorded from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2017 as examined by Weimer et al. ( 2017).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The data used by Weimer et al. likely contain a mixture of the extreme cases represented in runs 1 and 2 and, therefore, a mixture of SW states with sub- and super-Alfven Mach numbers. We reviewed the OMNI_HRO_5MIN data available at the NASA CDAWeb portal ( https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ) for SW M A recorded from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2017 as examined by Weimer et al. ( 2017).

Authors=Gasparini, S.; Kepko, L.; Laundal, K. M.
Title=Quantifying the Mesoscale Contribution to FACs During a Magnetospheric Substorm, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111045, ID=31665234
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The OMNI data can be found at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ . IMAGE FUV data can be obtained from NASA’s SPDF https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/image/fuv/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Thick red lines mark the beginning and the end of our analysis window. 1 Figure OMNI solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices 3 hours before, during, and 3 hours after the analyzed time period.

Authors=Ma, Jiuqi; Tang, Binbin; Gao, Xinliang; Li, Wenya; Lu, Quanming; Guo, Wenlong; Guo, Jin; Liu, Huijie; Wang, Chi
Title=The Comprehensive Response of the Magnetopause to the Impact of an Isolated Magnetosheath High-Speed Jet, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111132, ID=31665238
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The upstream solar wind parameters were obtained from the OMNI data set at a resolution of 1 min. The magnetopause location model used in this study is from Shue et al. ( 1998).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The MMS data are obtained from the MMS Science Data Center ( https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/about/browse-wrapper/ ), and the solar wind data are from the OMNI website ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov ). The MP response events list can be found at J.

Authors=Katrougkalou, Maria Chloi; Kullen, Anita; Cai, Lei; Roth, Lorenz; Zhang, Yongliang
Title=Transpolar Arcs Are Not Always Cusp-Aligned: Evidence of HiLDA-Aligned Arcs, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111246, ID=31665243
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind magnetic field and plasma data with one-minute resolution were taken from the OMNI database. Data Selection To study cusp aurora during transpolar arc events, we examined 9 months of DMSP SSUSI data, from 18 August 2015 to 30 April 2016, expanding on a transpolar arc data set by Kullen et al. ( 2023) and Thor et al. ( 2023).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar wind data of 1-min resolution are obtained from the NASA/GSFC OMNI facility ( https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ). The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data.

Authors=Yang, Yanyan; Xiong, Chao; Zhang, Shun-Rong; Yan, Rui; Huang, He; Zeren, Zhima; Pu, Weixing; Xu, Song; Huang, Jianping; Lu, Hengxin; Xu, Yue; Shen, Xuhui
Title=The Double Peak Superposition on the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Crests During the 23 April 2023 Storm, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL108850, ID=32032600
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =We acknowledge use of CSES data, ground GNSS TEC data, INTERMAGNET data, NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb service, and OMNI data. The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers and Editor Yuichi Otsuka for their very useful comments that helped to improve this manuscript.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Solar Wind Condition and Local Electric Field Observations Figure 1 shows the solar wind parameters during 23-24 April 2023 at the nose of Earth’s bow shock from 1-min resolution, provided by the OMNI website. From top to bottom, Figures 1a-1e displays the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) intensity Bt and Bz components in the Geocentric Solar Magnetic (GSM) coordinates, the solar wind dynamic pressure, the interplanetary electric field Ey , disturbed equatorial electric field (EEF) from the model provided by Manoj et al. ( 2008) and Manoj and Maus ( 2012), the SYM-H index, and the ground-based SuperMAG electrojet SMU/SML index (Newell Gjerloev, 2011) respectively.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =fromMeeting=%2FdataService%2FdataDownloadList ) (2024); the GNSS TEC data products are provided through the Madrigal distributed data system at ( (2024)) by MIT Haystack Observatory; Solar wind data (OMNI data set) were obtained from https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html (Papitashvili King, 2020); The Newell and Gjerloev (2011) SMU/SML indices are available from https://supermag.jhuapl.edu/indices (2024); HUA and SJG observatory magnetic data is obtained from INTERMAGNET website https://imag-data.bgs.ac.uk/GIN\_V1/GINForms2 .

Authors=Li, Chenghao; Fang, Hanxian; Cao, Xiaoqun; Duan, Die; Xiao, Chao; Huang, Hongtao; Ren, Ganming; Lin, Yang; Cai, Yihui
Title=A New Method for Reconstruction of Regional Three-Dimensional Electron Density Distributions Using AI-Based Data Assimilation Method and Incoherent Scatter Radar Measurements, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112352, ID=32032614
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =It introduces a deep neural network to fit electron density data from the IRI-2020 model with data derived from ISR, akin to assimilating IRI data into ISR observations to address coverage gaps.
Sample usage ( ABSTRACT ) =It assimilates electron density from the IRI-2020 model to fill ISR observation gaps. Experiments conducted using the Sanya Incoherent Scatter Radar (SYISR) in Hainan, China, successfully constructed a 3-D electron density structure over the region, with a 0.2deg latitude/longitude resolution and 1 km height resolution.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In addition, there are many empirical models that describe ionospheric characteristics and electron density distributions, such as the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model (Bilitza et al., 2017). These models provide a general electron density profile by inputting electron density values at specific heights (Li et al., 2021), but they can have significant accuracy errors.

Authors=Zhong, Ping; Zhong, Zhihong; Zhou, Meng; Pang, Ye; Song, Liangjin; Deng, Xiaohua
Title=Energy Conversion Associated With Anomalous Magnetic Topology Sublayers in the Inner Low-Latitude Boundary Layer, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112664, ID=32032618
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Conversely, the high-energy electrons within AMTS 5 predominantly along the antiparallel direction (Figure 2c), correspond to logarithmic ratios less than -0.5, indicating open magnetic field line topologies from the magnetosheath to the northern magnetosphere. 2 Figure Detailed observations of sublayers in the inner boundary layer by MMS1 in Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric (GSM) coordinates. (a) Omni, (b) parallel, and (c) antiparallel electron spectrograms of differential energy fluxes, (d) the logarithmic ratio of parallel and antiparallel electron differential energy fluxes, (e) total magnetic field, (f) electron number density, (g) total pressure (black), magnetic pressure (red), ion thermal pressure (blue), electron thermal pressure (green), (h) electron bulk velocity, (i) electron temperature.

Authors=Masters, A.; Szalay, J. R.; Zomerdijk-Russell, S.; Kao, M. M.
Title=Solar Wind Power Likely Governs Uranus’ Thermosphere Temperature, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111623, ID=32032678
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Annual-average solar wind parameters at Earth’s orbit are publicly available in the OMNI database, obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . Typical annual global temperatures of Uranus’ thermosphere are listed in Table 3 of Melin et al. ( 2019).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Observations: Long-Term Decline in Incident Solar Wind Power Figure 1a shows the annual-average solar wind dynamic pressure, p sw , from the OMNI database of spacecraft solar wind measurements at Earth’s orbit (1 au).

Authors=Feng, Huiting; Han, Desheng; Teng, Shangchun; Qiu, Huixuan; Zhou, Su; Shi, Run; Zhang, Yongliang
Title=In Situ Observational Evidence of the Polar Cap Arc at 1500 MLT (15MLT-PCA) Associated With the Lobe Reconnection, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111793, ID=32032686
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =We acknowledge use of NASA/GSFC’s Space Physics Data Facility’s OMNIWeb and the OMNI data can be found at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html . We thank the AMPERE team and the AMPERE Science Center for providing the data products ( https://ampere.jhuapl.edu/ ).

Authors=Dong, Junhu; Xiang, Zheng; Ni, Binbin
Title=On the Relationship Between the Banded Hiss Distribution and Plasmapause Location: A Survey of Van Allen Probes Observations, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111893, ID=32032694
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, omni, omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement The Van Allen Probes data from the EMFISIS instrument are obtained from https://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/data/index ; the geomagnetic activity indices are publicly available at the NASA OMNIWeb ( http://cdaweb.gsfc . nasa.gov ).
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The Auroral Electrojet (AE) index and SYM-H index from OMNI data are adopted to describe the variability of geomagnetic activity.

Authors=Li, Quan-Han; Hao, Yong-Qiang; Wang, Wenbin; Zhang, Shun-Rong; Qian, Liying; Aa, Ercha; Zhang, Dong-He; Xiao, Zuo; He, Maosheng
Title=Global Distribution of Ionospheric Topside Diffusive Flux and Midlatitude Electron Density Enhancement in Winter Nighttime, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111091, ID=32504965
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:iri, international reference ionosphere
Sample usage ( BODY ) =In this method, in addition to COSMIC N e ${N}_{e}$ data, we employ ionospheric ion and electron temperatures ( T i ${T}_{i}$ and T e ${T}_{e}$ ) from the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model, and neutral densities from the NRLMSISE-00 model. In this study, the flux is derived and analyzed at 100 km above the F2 peak height (hmF2) rather than at a fixed altitude.

Authors=Lalti, A.; Khotyaintsev, Yu. V.; Graham, D. B.
Title=Adiabatic and Non-Adiabatic Electron Heating at Quasi-Perpendicular Collisionless Shocks, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL11254710.48550/arXiv.2402.16564, ID=32504997
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Similar correlations for the spectral index but for the omni-direction distribution were reported in Oka et al. ( 2006). We find that the strongest correlation of p || ${p}_{\Vert }$ is with M A - H T ${M}_{A-HT}$ (Figure 3d) which combines the dependencies on M A - N I F ${M}_{A-NIF}$ and th B n ${\theta }_{Bn}$ .

Authors=Vichare, Geeta; Bagiya, Mala S.
Title=Manifestations of Strong IMF-By on the Equatorial Ionospheric Electrodynamics During 10 May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112569, ID=32505001
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb
Sample usage ( ACK ) =Acknowledgments This work is supported by Department of Science (Dst), Government of India. Authors duly acknowledge the CDAWEB, EMBRACE network, and Low Latitude Ionospheric Sensor Network (LISN) for respectively providing interplanetary parameters, ionosonde data for BVJ01 and CGK21 stations, and ionosonde data for Jicamarca station.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Figure 1 shows the solar wind and IMF conditions in the geocentric solar magnetospheric (GSM) coordinates, obtained from CDAweb estimated at the nose of the bow shock of Earth’s magnetosphere.

Authors=Liu, Terry Z.; Angelopoulos, Vassilis; Nishimura, Yukitoshi; Shen, Yangyang; Shi, Xueling; Hartinger, Michael D.
Title=Near-Earth Reconnection Contributing to Recovery Phase of Geomagnetic Storm, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112730, ID=32505005
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Such dynamic pressure variations caused considerable compression and expansion of the magnetosphere globally, so variations in the SYM-H index were partially correlated with the dynamic pressure variations (through the magnetopause current). 1 Figure Overview of the event, including TH-C observations of (a) the magnetic field in GSE, (b) electron density, (c) ion bulk velocity in GSE, and (d) dynamic pressure, (e) SYM-H index from OMNI, (f) KOMPSAT observations of the magnetic field in SM, (g) GOES-18 observations of the magnetic field in SM, (h) GOES-16 observations of the magnetic field in SM, (i) AE index from THEMIS and Kyoto, and (j) position of spacecraft at the geosynchronous orbit with numbers indicating time corresponding to vertical dashed lines (t1-t6).

Authors=Saint-Girons, Emile; Zhang, Xiao-Jia; Mourenas, Didier; Artemyev, Anton V.; Angelopoulos, Vassilis
Title=Statistical Relationship Between Electron Flux and Resonant Chorus Wave Power Near the Flux Limit, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112798, ID=32505012
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =This sets an upper limit, J omni,eq K P ${J}_{\mathit{omni,eq}}^{KP}$ , on the trapped flux (Kennel Petschek, 1966).

Authors=Ala-Lahti, Matti; Pulkkinen, Tuija I.; Brenner, Austin; Keebler, Timothy; Al Shidi, Qusai; Hill, Shannon; Welling, Daniel
Title=The Impact of Solar Wind Magnetic Field Fluctuations on the Magnetospheric Energetics, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112922, ID=32505023
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omniweb
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Panels i-j : Geomagnetic SYM-H and AL indices, with the observations (black; OMNIWeb). Insert: Schematic of magnetospheric boundary fluxes in the noon-midnight meridional plane.

Authors=Gan, Q.; Qian, L.; Pedatella, N. M.; Eastes, R. W.
Title=Equinox Transitions of Thermosphere O/N2 and Meridional Circulation in the Northern Hemisphere as Observed by NASA’s GOLD and ICON Missions, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL111810, ID=32505032
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =The ICON Level 2 version 05 data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/l2/ .
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement GOLD O/N 2 data are freely accessible at GOLD/SDC ( https://gold.cs.ucf.edu/data/search /) and NASA/SPDF ( https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/gold/level2/on2/ ). The ICON Level 2 version 05 data are available at https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/icon/l2/ .

Authors=Ren, Yong; Dai, Lei; Wang, Chi; Lavraud, Benoit; Escoubet, C. Philippe; Burch, James L.
Title=Capsule Electron Distributions Near the Diffusion Region of Magnetic Reconnection, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112074, ID=32505048
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =(b) The ion bulk flow velocity in the LMN coordinate system. (c) The electron omni-directional differential energy flux. (d) The electron temperature anisotropy, T || / T ${T}_{\Vert }/{T}_{\perp }$ .

Authors=Wang, Yan; Liu, Kaijun; Cheng, Kun; Mousavi, Ameneh; Yao, Fei; Wang, Xinye; Wang, Ruohan
Title=Generation Mechanism of Oxygen Ion Cyclotron Harmonic Waves in the Inner Magnetosphere: Linear Instability Analysis Based on Observations, 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112168, ID=32505054
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:spdf
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Van Allen Probes data used in this study are available from https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/rbsp .

Authors=Glocer, Alex; Collinson, Glyn A.; Conway, Rachel; Barjatya, Aroh; Michell, Robert; Xu, Shaosui; Mitchell, David; Robertson, Ellen; Chornay, Dennis; Khazanov, George
Title=On the Temporal Variability of High-Altitude Reflection Potential Structures (HARPS), 2024, doi:10.1029/2024GL112268, ID=32505057
journal=Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords found:cdaweb, space physics data facility, omni
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Data Availability Statement Endurance data are available from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov , by selecting “Sounding Rockets” as the data source.
Sample usage ( BODY ) =Multiple populations are observed at different altitudes, which shall now be described. Omni-Directional Photoelectron Flux in the Photo-Production Region (~250-300km) $(\sim 250\to 300\hspace*{.5em}\mathrm{km})$ Endurance flew through the photoelectron production region on its upleg and downleg, with peak photoemission observed between 250 - 300 k m $250\to 300\hspace*{.5em}\mathrm{k}\mathrm{m}$ .