+Mission:			*.1
++Name:				VENERA-9
++SatZond:			Z
++GeoHelBoth:			H
++Launch:			75/06/08
--TrajectFile:			Y
++ShortDescription:		The 9th Russian expedition to Venus
++LongDescription:		Russian space zond for Venus exploration.  
				A couple of zonds, VENERA-9 and VENERA-10 
				have been launched in a 6-day interval.  
				Both spacecraft became the Venus satellites 
				after reaching Venus' vicinity in October 1975.  
				Main axis of the spacecraft is sunward directed 
				with precision of ~10 degrees.


++Instrument:			*.1
+++Name:			KS-18-5M
+++PI:				Dr. Eugene Ya. Volodin
+++ResearchGroup:		Heliosphere Physics Laboratory
+++Lab:				Theoretical and Applied Space Physics Division
+++Institution:			Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, 
				Moscow State University
+++Address:			Vorobyovy Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia
+++Fax:				+7-095-939-2488 (fax/voice)
+++Phone:			+7-095-939-5097
+++E-mail:			
+++ShortDescription:		Measuring of proton during the mission to Venus
+++LongDescription:		KS-18-5M has been designed as a monitor of charged 
				particles of medium energies travelling in 
				the interplanetary space.  There are six sensors: 
				a gas-discharge counter D1 of the STS-5 series, 
				three SSD (Si) detectors D2, D4 and D5 (D2 of ~400 micron 
				thickness; D4 and D5 of 30 microns), gas-discharge 
				counter with window D6 of the SBT-9 series and 
				a Cherenkov counter D3.  Spacecraft memory is used 
				for data storing; time resolution is about four hours.
+++Publication:			*.1
++++PublicationRef:		S.N.Vernov, B.A.Tverskoy, V.N.Volga, E.Ya.Volodin, 
				N.G.Galachyev, I.V.Getselev, E.V.Gorchakov, 
				P.P.Ignatiev, V.A.Iozenas, N.N.Kontor, G.P.Lyubimov, 
				M.V.Ternovskaya, V.I.Tkachenko, E.A.Chuchkov, 
				T.E.Shvidkovskaya, and V.A.Yakovlev, "Measurement 
				of cosmic rays on space probes VENERA-9 and VENERA-10", 
				Kosmicheskie issledovaniya, 1976, v. 14, N 6, pp. 857-868
+++AcknowledgingTo:		TASPD SINP MSU


+++DataSet:			*.1
++++ID:				V9
++++StartDate:			75/06/09
++++StopDate:			75/10/18
++++TimeResolution:		4 hours
++++ApproxVolume:		12 kB
++++DataSupportContact:		Dr. Nickolay N. Pavlov
++++Institution:		Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, 
				Moscow State University
++++Address:			Vorobyovy Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia
++++Fax:			+7-095-939-2488 (fax/voice)
++++Phone:			+7-095-939-5928
++++E-mail:			nnpavlov@taspd.npi.msu.su
++++ShortDescription:		Ep=4-12,>30,>800MeV; 4-hour time res.; Sun-antiSun directions
++++LongDescription:		Data on protons of Ep=4-12 MeV energy from 
				anti-Sun (a stand-alone SSD sensor of 
				~400 micron Si), protons of Ep>30 MeV energy 
				from Sun (gas-discharge counter) and protons 
				of Ep>800 MeV from a Cherenkov detector 
				(30x30 mm plexiglas cylinder).
++++Column:			*.1
+++++LongLegend:		Ep>30MeV from Sun
+++++ShortLegend:		p>30+
+++++InternalName:		D1
+++++Units:			1/s
+++++MinValueApprox:		28.1
+++++MaxValueApprox:		30.3
+++++FillerNODATA:		-9.999E+99
+++++Species:			*.1
++++++Name:			proton
++++++Energy:			>30 MeV
++++++DirectionWhereFrom:	Sun
++++++GeomFactor:		13 cm2_sr
+++++Species:			*.2
++++++Name:			electron
++++++Energy:			>2 MeV
++++++DirectionWhereFrom:	Sun
++++++GeomFactor:		13 cm2_sr
+++++Species:			*.3
++++++Name:			proton
++++++Energy:			>500 MeV
++++++DirectionWhereFrom:	omni
++++++GeomFactor:		54 cm2_sr
++++++ShortDescription:		>30 MeV protons from Sun + others
++++++LongDescription:		Gas-discharge counter (STS-5) with minimum 
				shielding of ~1 g/cm2 Al for particles arriving 
				from the Sun direction so that the thresholds 
				are: Ep=30 MeV and Ee=2 MeV.  For other directions 
				the threshold is Ep=500 MeV.  All species are measured 
				in mix, although the typically higher presence 
				of >30 MeV protons above others makes the channel 
				mostly recording the data on this species.

++++Column:			*.2
+++++LongLegend:		Ep>800MeV and Ee>10MeV from all directions
+++++ShortLegend:		p>800*
+++++InternalName:		D3
+++++Units:			1/s
+++++MinValueApprox:		10.7
+++++MaxValueApprox:		14.5
+++++FillerNODATA:		-9.999E+99
+++++Species:			*.1
++++++Name:			proton
++++++Energy:			>800 MeV
++++++DirectionWhereFrom:	omni
++++++GeomFactor:		30 cm2_sr
+++++Species:			*.2
++++++Name:			electron
++++++Energy:			>10 MeV
++++++DirectionWhereFrom:	omni
++++++GeomFactor:		30 cm2_sr
++++++ShortDescription:		>800 MeV protons and >10 MeV electrons from all dir
++++++LongDescription:		Cherenkov detector with 30x30 mm plexiglas 
				cylinder for counting protons of Ep>800 MeV 
				and electrons of Ee>10 MeV arriving from all 
				directions.

++++Column:			*.3
+++++LongLegend:		Ep=4-12MeV from antiSun
+++++ShortLegend:		p4-12-
+++++InternalName:		D2
+++++Units:			1/s
+++++MinValueApprox:		0.033
+++++MaxValueApprox:		0.325
+++++FillerNODATA:		-9.999E+99
+++++Species:			*.1
++++++Name:			proton
++++++Energy:			4-12 MeV
++++++DirectionWhereFrom:	antiSun
++++++GeomFactor:		0.2 cm2_sr
++++++ShortDescription:		4-12 MeV protons from antiSun
++++++LongDescription:		~400 microns of Si sensor for counting protons of 
				Ep=4-12 MeV arriving from antiSun.  View angle 
				is +-30 degrees.  Main spacecraft axis is 
				sunward directed with ~10 degree precision.
********************************