+Mission: *.1 ++Name: VENERA-7 ++SatZond: Z ++GeoHelBoth: H ++Launch: 70/08/17 --TrajectFile: Y ++ShortDescription: The 7th Russian expedition to Venus ++LongDescription: Russian space zond for Venus exploration. Main axis of the spacecraft is sunward directed with precision of ~10 degrees. ++Instrument: *.1 +++Name: KS-4M +++PI: Dr. Nickolay N. Kontor +++ResearchGroup: Heliosphere Physics Laboratory +++Lab: Theoretical and Applied Space Physics Division +++Institution: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University +++Address: Vorobyovy Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia +++Fax: +7-095-939-2488 (fax/voice) +++Phone: +7-095-939-5097 +++E-mail: kontor@taspd.npi.msu.su +++ShortDescription: Measuring of proton fluxes during the mission to Venus +++LongDescription: KS-4M has been designed as a monitor of charged particles of medium energies travelling in the interplanetary space. There are five sensors: a gas-discharge counter D1 of the STS-5 series, two SSD (Si) detectors D2 and D3 of ~30 micron thickness and two similar SSD sensors D4 and D5 of ~400 micron thickness each. Spacecraft memory is used for data storing; time resolution is about four hours. All sensors measure flux intensity continuously. +++Publication: *.1 ++++PublicationRef: S.N.Vernov, N.N.Kontor, N.V.Pereslegina, G.P.Lyubimov, and E.A.Chuchkov, "Solar cosmic ray bursts in November-December 1970 according to data from "Venus 7" space probe and "Lunokhod 1" station", Kosmicheskie issledovaniya, 1972, v. 12, 1535-1543 +++Publication: *.2 ++++PublicationRef: S.N.Vernov, P.V.Vakulov, I.V.Getselev, E.V.Gorchakov, N.L.Grigorov, P.P.Ignatiev, N.N.Kontor, S.N.Kusnetsov, Yu.I.Logachev, G.P.Lyubimov, A.G.Nikolaev, N.V.Pereslegina, N.F.Pisarenko, I.A.Savenko, V.I.Tkachenko, E.A.Chuchkov, and V.A.Yakovlev, "Results of cosmic ray intensity measurement on the space zond VENERA-7", Kosmicheskie issledovaniya, 1972, v. 10, N. 4, pp. 561-568 +++Publication: *.3 ++++PublicationRef: S.N.Vernov, A.E.Chudakov, P.V.Vakulov, E.V.Gorchakov, P.P.Ignatiev, N.N.Kontor, Yu.I.Logachev, G.P.Lyubimov, A.G.Nikolaev, and N.V.Pereslegina, "Measuring cosmic rays and searching for radiation belts nearby Venus", in: "Physics of Moon and planets", (in Russian), Nauka, 1972, pp. 397-402 +++AcknowledgingTo: TASPD SINP MSU +++DataSet: *.1 ++++ID: V7 ++++StartDate: 70/08/17 ++++StopDate: 70/12/15 ++++TimeResolution: 4 hours ++++ApproxVolume: 25 kB ++++DataSupportContact: Dr. Nickolay N. Pavlov ++++Institution: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University ++++Address: Vorobyovy Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia ++++Fax: +7-095-939-2488 (fax/voice) ++++Phone: +7-095-939-5928 ++++E-mail: nnpavlov@taspd.npi.msu.su ++++ShortDescription: Ep=1-5,4-12,>30MeV; 4-hour time res.; Sun-antiSun directions ++++LongDescription: Data on protons of Ep>30 MeV energy from Sun (gas-discharge counter), protons of Ep=1-5 MeV and Ep=4-12 MeV energy both from Sun and from antiSun (two stand-alone SSD sensors of ~30 micron Si and two the similar sensors but of ~400 micron thickness). Time resolution is 4 hours. All sensors measure flux intensity continuously. ++++Column: *.1 +++++LongLegend: Ep>30MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p>30+ +++++InternalName: D1 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 9.7 +++++MaxValueApprox: 42.3 +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: >30 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 13 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: electron ++++++Energy: >2 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 13 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.3 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: >500 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: omni ++++++GeomFactor: 54 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: >30 MeV protons from Sun + others ++++++LongDescription: Gas-discharge counter (STS-5) with minimum shielding of ~1 g/cm2 Al for particles arriving from the Sun direction so that the thresholds are: Ep=30 MeV and Ee=2 MeV. For other directions the threshold is Ep=500 MeV. All species are measured in mix, although the typically higher presence of >30 MeV protons above others makes the channel mostly recording the data on this species. ++++Column: *.2 +++++LongLegend: Ep=1-5MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p1-5+ +++++InternalName: D2 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.012 +++++MaxValueApprox: 3119. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 1-5 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.19 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 1-5 MeV protons from Sun ++++++LongDescription: ~30 microns of Si sensor for counting protons of Ep=1-5 MeV arriving from Sun. View angle is +-30 degrees. Angular precision is ~10 degrees. ++++Column: *.3 +++++LongLegend: Ep=1-5MeV from antiSun +++++ShortLegend: p1-5- +++++InternalName: D3 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.013 +++++MaxValueApprox: 3707. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 1-5 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.30 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 1-4 MeV protons from antiSun ++++++LongDescription: ~30 microns of Si sensor for counting protons of Ep=1-5 MeV arriving from antiSun. View angle is +-30 degrees. Angular precision is ~10 degrees. ++++Column: *.4 +++++LongLegend: Ep=4-12MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p4-12+ +++++InternalName: D4 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.018 +++++MaxValueApprox: 501.2 +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 4-12 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.19 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 4-12 MeV protons from Sun ++++++LongDescription: ~30 microns of Si sensor for counting protons of Ep=4-12 MeV arriving from Sun. View angle is +-30 degrees. Angular precision is ~10 degrees. ++++Column: *.5 +++++LongLegend: Ep=1-5MeV from antiSun +++++ShortLegend: p1-5- +++++InternalName: D5 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.006 +++++MaxValueApprox: 520.0 +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 4-12 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.30 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 4-12 MeV protons from antiSun ++++++LongDescription: ~30 microns of Si sensor for counting protons of Ep=4-12 MeV arriving from antiSun. View angle is +-30 degrees. Angular precision is ~10 degrees. ********************************