+Mission: *.1 ++Name: VENERA-14 ++SatZond: Z ++GeoHelBoth: H ++Launch: 81/11/04 --TrajectFile: Y ++ShortDescription: The 14th Russian expedition to Venus ++LongDescription: Russian space zond for Venus exploration, landing a craft on Venus, making photos, probing soil and so on. A couple of zonds, VENERA-13 and VENERA-14 have been launched with a 5-day interval. Most time on cruise phase, spacecraft had his main axis X fixed towards Sun within <15(?) degrees accuracy and it was spinned around this axis with up to 1(?) hour period. ++Instrument: *.1 +++Name: ASP-8M +++PI: Dr. Nickolay N. Kontor +++ResearchGroup: Heliosphere Physics Laboratory +++Lab: Theoretical and Applied Space Physics Division +++Institution: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University +++Address: Vorobyovy Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia +++Fax: +7-095-939-2488 (fax/voice) +++Phone: +7-095-939-5097 +++E-mail: kontor@taspd.npi.msu.su +++ShortDescription: Measuring of proton fluxes during the mission to Venus +++LongDescription: ASP-8M is designed for monitoring of charged particles of medium energies in the interplanetary space. There are five sensors: two thick SSD (Si), ~500 microns, (D1,D2) and two thin SSD (Si), ~50 microns, (D4,D5) and one gas-discharge counter (D3). D1 and D4 are directed sunward along main axis X of the spacecraft; D2 and D5 are directed to the opposite side; D3 is on the sun side but under the spacecraft body's shell (~1 g/cm2 Al). View angle of each SSD sensor is as wide as +-30 degrees. Spacecraft memory is used for data storing; 20 minute time resolution is supplied as maximum. D1 and D2 have 80 minute time resolution. All sensors measure flux intensity continuously. +++Publication: *.1 ++++PublicationRef: S.N.Vernov, et al., "A study of characteristics of proton fluxes measured on SC VENERA-13 and VENERA-14", (in Russian), Kosmicheskie issledovaniya, 1983, v.21, 13, pp. 449-453; +++Publication: *.2 ++++PublicationRef: S.I.Ermakov, N.N.Kontor, G.P.Lyubimov, N.V.Pereslegina, V.I.Tulupov, and E.A.Chuchkov, "Case analysis of proton fluxes in the interplanetary medium using data from SC VENERA-13 and VENERA-14", (in Russian), Kosmicheskie issledovaniya, 1983, v.21, 13, pp. 466-475; +++Publication: *.3 ++++PublicationRef: S.I.Ermakov, N.N.Kontor, G.P.Lyubimov, N.V.Pereslegina, V.I.Tulupov, and E.A.Chuchkov, "Variations of Solar Proton Anisotropy on November 10-11, 1981", 18th Cosmic Ray Conf., Proceedings, 1983, v. 4, pp.162-164. +++AcknowledgingTo: TASPD SINP MSU +++DataSet: *.1 ++++ID: VE ++++StartDate: 81/11/06 ++++StopDate: 83/03/16 ++++TimeResolution: 20 minutes ++++ApproxVolume: 1.5 MB ++++DataSupportContact: Dr. Nickolay N. Pavlov ++++Institution: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University ++++Address: Vorobyovy Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia ++++Fax: +7-095-939-2488 (fax/voice) ++++Phone: +7-095-939-5928 ++++E-mail: nnpavlov@taspd.npi.msu.su ++++ShortDescription: Ep=1-3,>30MeV; 20-min time res.; Sun-antiSun directions ++++LongDescription: Data on protons of Ep=1-3 MeV (+alphas in mix, Ea=4-70 MeV) arriving from both Sun and antiSun directions from stand-alone SSD sensors and also of Ep>30 MeV (+electrons in mix, Ee>2 MeV) from omnidirectional gas-discharge counter are included. Time resolution is 20 minutes. All sensors measure flux intensity continuously. ++++Column: *.1 +++++LongLegend: Ep>30MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p>30+ +++++InternalName: D3 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 10.2 +++++MaxValueApprox: 3656. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: >30 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 13 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: electron ++++++Energy: >2 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 13 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.3 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: >500 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: omni ++++++GeomFactor: 54 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: >30 MeV protons from Sun + others ++++++LongDescription: Gas-discharge counter (SBM-20) with minimum shielding for particles arriving from the Sun direction so that the thresholds are: Ep=30 MeV and Ee=2 MeV. For other directions the threshold is Ep=500 MeV. All species are measured in mix, although the typically higher presence of >30 MeV protons above others makes the channel mostly recording the data on this species. ++++Column: *.2 +++++LongLegend: Ep=1-3MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p1-3+ +++++InternalName: D4 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.0 +++++MaxValueApprox: 3929. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 1.4-3.0 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 3.5-70. ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 1-3 MeV protons + 4-70 alphas from Sun ++++++LongDescription: Thin (45 microns) SSD (Si) sensor for counting protons of Ep=1.4-3.0 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=3.5-70 MeV (in mix) arriving from the side of Sun. ++++Column: *.3 +++++LongLegend: Ep=1-3MeV from antiSun +++++ShortLegend: p1-3- +++++InternalName: D5 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.0 +++++MaxValueApprox: 2946. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 1.4-3.0 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 3.5-70. ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 1-3 MeV protons + 4-70 alphas from antiSun ++++++LongDescription: Thin (45 microns) SSD (Si) sensor for counting protons of Ep=1.4-3.0 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=3.5-70 MeV (in mix) arriving from antiSun-direction. +++DataSet: *.2 ++++ID: WD ++++StartDate: 81/11/06 ++++StopDate: 83/03/16 ++++TimeResolution: 80 minutes ++++ApproxVolume: 0.5 MB ++++DataSupportContact: Dr. Nickolay N. Pavlov ++++Institution: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University ++++Address: Vorobyovy Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia ++++Fax: +7-095-939-2488 (fax/voice) ++++Phone: +7-095-939-5928 ++++E-mail: nnpavlov@taspd.npi.msu.su ++++ShortDescription: Ep=1-2-4-8MeV; 80-min time res.; Sun-antiSun directions ++++LongDescription: Data from two ~500 micron-thick stand-alone SSD sensors, directed towards Sun and antiSun, with three energy channels each: 1 - protons of Ep=1.4-2.3 MeV + alphas in mix, Ea=3.6-4.3 MeV; 2 - protons of Ep=2.3-4.1 MeV + alphas in mix, Ea=4.3-5.6 MeV; 3 - protons of Ep=4.1-8.0 MeV + alphas in mix, Ea=5.6-8.0 MeV. Time resolution is 80 minutes. All sensors measure flux intensity continuously. ++++Column: *.1 +++++LongLegend: Ep=1.4-2.3MeV + Ea=3.6-4.3MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p1-2+ +++++InternalName: D1.1 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.067 +++++MaxValueApprox: 1898. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 1.4-2.3 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 3.6-4.3 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 1.4-2.3 MeV protons + 3.6-4.3 MeV alphas from Sun ++++++LongDescription: First channel of the thick (490 microns) SSD (Si) sensor. It counts protons of Ep=1.4-2.3 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=3.6-4.3 MeV (in mix) arriving from Sun direction. ++++Column: *.2 +++++LongLegend: Ep=2.3-4.1MeV + Ea=4.3-5.6MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p2-4+ +++++InternalName: D1.2 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.009 +++++MaxValueApprox: 1344. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 2.3-4.1 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 4.3-5.6 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 2.3-4.1 MeV protons + 4.3-5.6 MeV alphas from Sun ++++++LongDescription: Second channel of the thick (490 microns) SSD (Si) sensor. It counts protons of Ep=2.3-4.1 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=4.3-5.6 MeV (in mix) arriving from Sun direction. ++++Column: *.3 +++++LongLegend: Ep=4.1-8.0MeV + Ea=5.6-8.0MeV from Sun +++++ShortLegend: p4-8+ +++++InternalName: D1.3 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.0004 +++++MaxValueApprox: 309.2 +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 4.1-8.0 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 5.6-8.0 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: Sun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 4.1-8.0 MeV protons + 5.6-8.0 MeV alphas from Sun ++++++LongDescription: Third channel of the thick (490 microns) SSD (Si) sensor. It counts protons of Ep=4.1-8.0 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=5.6-8.0 MeV (in mix) arriving from Sun direction. ++++Column: *.4 +++++LongLegend: Ep=1.4-2.3MeV + Ea=3.6-4.3MeV from antiSun +++++ShortLegend: p1-2- +++++InternalName: D2.1 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.0 +++++MaxValueApprox: 4239. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 1.4-2.3 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 3.6-4.3 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 1.4-2.3 MeV protons + 3.6-4.3 MeV alphas from antiSun ++++++LongDescription: First channel of the thick (570 microns) SSD (Si) sensor. It counts protons of Ep=1.4-2.3 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=3.6-4.3 MeV (in mix) arriving from antiSun direction. ++++Column: *.5 +++++LongLegend: Ep=2.3-4.1MeV + Ea=4.3-5.6MeV from antiSun +++++ShortLegend: p2-4- +++++InternalName: D2.2 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.036 +++++MaxValueApprox: 1045. +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 2.3-4.1 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 4.3-5.6 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 2.3-4.1 MeV protons + 4.3-5.6 MeV alphas from antiSun ++++++LongDescription: Second channel of the thick (570 microns) SSD (Si) sensor. It counts protons of Ep=2.3-4.1 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=4.3-5.6 MeV (in mix) arriving from antiSun direction. ++++Column: *.6 +++++LongLegend: Ep=4.1-8.0MeV + Ea=5.6-8.0MeV from antiSun +++++ShortLegend: p4-8- +++++InternalName: D2.3 +++++Units: 1/s +++++MinValueApprox: 0.005 +++++MaxValueApprox: 284.6 +++++FillerNODATA: -9.999E+99 +++++Species: *.1 ++++++Name: proton ++++++Energy: 4.1-8.0 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr +++++Species: *.2 ++++++Name: alpha-particle ++++++Energy: 5.6-8.0 MeV ++++++DirectionWhereFrom: antiSun ++++++GeomFactor: 0.09 cm2_sr ++++++ShortDescription: 4.1-8.0 MeV protons + 5.6-8.8 MeV alphas from antiSun ++++++LongDescription: Third channel of the thick (570 microns) SSD (Si) sensor. It counts protons of Ep=4.1-8.0 MeV and alpha-particles of Ea=5.6-8.0 MeV (in mix) arriving from antiSun direction. ********************************